Gentamicin A is a component of the antibiotic gentamicin. This antibiotic is composed by members of the gentamicin C complex (80%) and gentamicin A, B, X, and others (remaining 20%). A review study from 2018 indicated that acute kidney injury was described in 2520 participants receiving gentamicin, which contains gentamicin A. Most of these cases were reversible. Also, a rise in creatinine levels was found in some patients after administration of a single dose of gentamicin.

Steviolbioside, 13-[(2-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-b-D-glucopyrano syl)oxy]kaur-16-en-18-oic acid, is a bioactive nature sweetener, which is rare in Stevia rebaudiana leaves. It is also the main metabolite of the star sweetener rebaudioside A and its analogue stevioside, yet it can be used as an intermediate of some medications, which makes steviolbioside an important reagent in medical science in addition to a food additive. Steviolbioside has antituberculosis activity. Steviolbioside has been used in trials studying the treatment of HIV-1 Infection. Except for its antihyperglycaemic and antihypertensive effects, steviolbioside was found as a moderate antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37RV in vitro (MIC = 3.75 ug/ml), compared to that of stevioside (MIC = 7.5 ug/ml). The hydrolysis product steviolbioside presented higher cytoxicity on human normal cells (hepatocytes cell L02 and intestinal epithelial cell T84) than did its starting material stevioside. e. Compared to the typical chemotherapy agent, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), steviolbioside has a much lower cytotoxic effect on all assayed human normal cells, but it presented notable inhibition on Hep3B, human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 and human pancreatic cancer cell BxPC-3. The inhibition rate on MDA-MB-231 of steviolbioside was 50% of that of 5-FU, which implies a hopeful potential remedy for human breast cancer.

Ponasterone A is a member of the ecdysteroid family, and an agonist of edysone receptor (EcR). It is an insect steroid hormone that regulates the metamorphosis of Drosophila melanogaster. As it don't have a target in mammalian cells, it is used as a tool compound to activate EcR in artificially engineered cells.

15-deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is a cyclopentanone prostaglandin and the agonist of endogenous PPAR gamma ligand, that is formed via the elimination of two molecules of water of prostaglandin D2. 15d-PGJ2 possesses anti-inflammatory effects. Experiments with animal models revealed, that 15d-PGJ2 may represent a potential therapeutic strategy in rheumatoid arthritis. Besides, 15d-PGJ2, given either systemically or locally in mice can control ongoing asthma pathological abnormalities, including eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration, mucus exacerbation, and lung remodeling triggered by ovalbumin. It was suggested, that potential exists to exploit 15d-PGJ2 as a therapeutic agent in asthma. It is known, the determination of individual prostaglandins, including 15d-PGJ2 in urine samples could improve the understanding of particular prostaglandins species under various physiological and pathological conditions. Recently was suggested the sensitive method for determination of 15d-PGJ2 and its application in human plasma samples of patients with diabetes.