Visnadine is a natural product extracted from the seeds and aerial parts of Ammi visnaga (Umbelliferae), plant widely used in Egyptian medicine since the Pharaohs times as antispastic and for the treatment of angina pectoris and other cardiovascular diseases. It has been used since a long time in western medicine for the treatment of various cardiac diseases and peripheral vasculopathies. Visnadine seems to act by inhibiting the contractile responses mediated by Ca2+ entry through L-type Ca2+ channels.Topical use of Visnadine may increase regional vascularization afecting turgidity and sensorial threshold of the area of application. A formulation for vulvar application (ReFeel® spray, IDI Integratori Dietetici Italiani S.r.l., Italy) has been developed and it contains Visnadine at high concentration (1%) with an elevate purity index (minimum 95%). Visnadine spray displayed positive effects on sexual function in women with and without FSD and it was well tolerated. Topical Visnadine may not only be part of multimodal strategies to manage clinically relevant sexual symptoms but also simply to help women to enhance their subjective impaired perception of sexual response.

Vincamine is the major alkaloid of Vinca minor. Although vincamine has been used therapeutically for almost three decades, the exact mechanisms of action and its effects are still unknown. Vincamine is a peripheral vasodilator that increases blood flow to the brain. Vincamine is beneficial to the nervous system's cells feeding and protecting processes and is utilized as an adjuvant in case of cerebrovascular insufficiency, age-related psycho-behavioral disorders, post concussion syndrome in head trauma, in case of post-stroke sequels. Vincamine may be used as a dietary nootropic supplement.

Moxisylyte, also known as thymoxamine, is a drug used in urology for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, also was studied, that this drug may be useful to treat ocular disorders such as diabetic retinopathy. It is an alpha1-adrenergic antagonist. Was developed for self-injection therapy in France and marketed in several European countries as Icavex. In the spring 2005 the manufacturer of Icavex decided to withdraw this drug from Europe market, presumable due to its low market shares.

Vinburnine is a nutritional product, which is semi-synthesized from vincamine. It is a peripheral vasodilator with cerebral activities that also act as a cerebral metabolic stimulant and appears to be able to relax the smooth muscle cells within the walls of blood vessels. Some evidence also suggests that vinburnine stimulates acetylcholine neurotransmission. Acetylcholine is a very important neurotransmitter responsible for a number of cognitive functions, such as memory and learning.

Suloctidil is considered to be calcium antagonist. In addition to its vascular antispasmodic activity, suloctidil affects blood platelets and enhances brain energy metabolism. Suloctidil was being evaluated in many clinical trials for use in dementia and thrombotic disorders. Suloctidil induces hepatotoxicity.

Buflomedil (trade name Loftyl) is a vasoactive drug used to treat claudication or the symptoms of peripheral arterial disease. Buflomedil has been used for people with diseases of the leg arteries and has shown some benefits for people with a previous stroke. The most common type of stroke is due to narrowing or blockage of an artery in the brain (i.e. ischaemic stroke). Buflomedil is a drug that can dilate brain blood vessels, which may have benefit for people with ischaemic stroke. However, it has not been approved to treat stroke in clinical practice. In 2012 the European Medicines Agency has completed a review of the safety and effectiveness of buflomedil-containing medicines, both oral and injectable, due to severe neurological and cardiac side effects seen with buflomedil. The Agency’s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) concluded that the benefits of buflomedil do not outweigh its risks, and has recommended that all marketing authorisations for medicines containing buflomedil should be suspended throughout the European Union (EU).