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Restrict the search for
penicillin v
to a specific field?
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Baycillin Mega by Japan
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (MIXED)
Conditions:
Propicillin (Baycillin Mega) is this semisynthetic penicillin, analogous to penicillin V, was introduced in the early 1960s. Although it is better absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, overall it is inferior to phenoxymethylpenicillin and phenoxyethylpenicillin because of its lower antibacterial activity. Propicillin is used by propicillin-susceptible pathogens in adults and adolescents from 14 years to treat mild to moderate bacterial infections. These include skin infections, ear, nose and throat infections (such as otitis media, sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis) and infections of the bronchi andlung inflammation. Moreover propicillin can for prevention and treatment of scarlet fever or against rheumatic fever are used (bacterial infection of the nose and throat). Even with tooth or jaw surgery the drug is used to treat an endocarditis endocarditis prevent. Its mechanism of action could be due to binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, thus propicillin may inhibit the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (MIXED)
Targets:
Prenylamine, a slow Ca2+ channel blocker, was used to treat patients with angina pectoris, but because of the QT prolongation, this drug was withdrawn from the market. Prenylamine binds to calmodulin section and inhibits myosin light chain kinase.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Globacillin by Sjoberg, B.|Undheim, K.
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Azidocillin is a narrow-spectrum, semisynthetic penicillin derivative with antibacterial activity towards Grain-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, including Haemophilus influenze, against which it is as effective as ampicillin. Azidocillin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This interrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis and results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall, eventually causing cell lysis. Azidocillin can be applied in the treatment of inflammation of upper airways, middle ear, sinuses, throat, larynx and palatine tonsils. The substance is excreted with urine in 50-70% in the unchan¬ged form. It binds to the blood plasma proteins in 84%, and its half-life period is 30 min. The side effects are similar as those of benzylpenicillin but occur less frequently.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Trasentine H by Ciba
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Drofenine, product name Spasmo-Cibalgin (Novartis, Oman), is an antispasmodic/anticholinergic agent used for relaxing smooth muscle, treating dysmenorrhea, and relieving pain in the gastrointestinal tract, biliary passages, and urogenital tract. The possible therapeutic effect of drofenine is proposed by its activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 (TRPV3), a member of the TRPV subfamily of TRP ion channels.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Cefcapene is a semisynthetic third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Cefcapene binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. PBPs are enzymes involved in the terminal stages of assembling the bacterial cell wall and in reshaping the cell wall during growth and division. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Tebipenem pivoxil is an oral carbapenem prodrug that was originated by Wyeth (now Pfizer). It was approved by Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency of Japan (PMDA) on Apr 22, 2009. It was developed and marketed as Orapenem® by Meiji Seika in Japan. Tebipenem pivoxil is a broad-spectrum orally-administered antibiotic, from the carbapenem subgroup of β-lactam antibiotics. Carbapenems are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics, which act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. It is used to treat otorhinolaryngological infection, otitis media and bacterial pneumonia. Orapenem® is available as granules for oral use, containing 100 mg Tebipenem pivoxil/g granules. According to the weight of children, 4 mg/kg, and twice a day after dinner.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Thymergix by Joullie [France]
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Pyrovalerone is a psychostimulant. It has a central action. Pyrovalerone inhibits the dopamine transporter and the norepinephrine transporter, and is a weak inhibitor of the serotonin transporter. Pyrovalerone was demonstrated to reduce symptoms of chronic fatigue in humans. It stimulated locomotor activity in mice. Though pyrovalerone is still occasionally prescribed, it is used infrequently due to problems with abuse and dependence. Side effects of pyrovalerone include anxiety, fragmented sleep or insomnia and trembling, shaking or muscle tremors.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Alcuronium (diallylnortoxiferine) is a semi-synthetic substance prepared from C-toxiferine I a bis-quaternary alkaloid obtained from Strychnos toxifera. Alcuronium is a neuromuscular blocking (NMB) agent, alternatively referred to as a skeletal muscle relaxant. Alcuronium is used for endotracheal intubation and to produce muscle relaxation in general anesthesia during surgical procedures. The pharmacological action of alcuronium is readily reversed by neostigmine, and it produced little histamine release. The major disadvantage of alcuronium is that it elicits a vagolytic effect produced by a selective atropine-like blockade of cardiac muscarinic receptors.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
NCT04485195: Phase 4 Interventional Recruiting Atrial Fibrillation
(2021)
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Vernakalant is a new antiarrhythmic drug that acts selectively in the atrium, targeting atrial specific channels. Vernakalant is an anti-arrhythmic medicine that acts preferentially in the atria by prolonging atrial refractoriness and by rate-dependently slowing impulse conduction. These anti-fibrillatory actions on refractoriness and conduction are thought to suppress reentry, and are potentiated in the atria during atrial fibrillation. The preferential effects of vernakalant on the atria are postulated to result from its block of currents that are expressed in the atria (e.g., the ultra-rapid delayed rectifier potassium current; and the acetylcholine-activated potassium current), but not in the ventricles, as well as the unique electrophysiologic condition of the fibrillating atria. An oral formulation of vernakalant is in phase II development as a long-term maintenance therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation. An intravenous formulation of vernakalant has been launched in most countries in Europe and Latin America, and in Hong Kong, for the acute conversion of atrial fibrillation. The product has been approved for the acute conversion of atrial fibrillation in South Africa, Iceland, Turkey and is awaiting approval for the same indication in Canada. Phase III development of the IV formulation is ongoing at sites in Asia, and development is currently on hold in the US.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Ritipenem (FCE 22101), a penem antibiotic, penicillin binding protein inhibitor, is potent against both gram-positive and -negative bacteria, and its acetoxymethyl ester (FCE 22891; ritipenem-acoxil) is orally available. Ritipenem is manufactured by Tanabe Seiyaku in the ritipenem acoxil prodrug form, which can be taken orally. It is not FDA approved in the United States.
