Mavoglurant (AFQ056) was developed as a new metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonist. The efficacy of mavoglurant in humans has been assessed in L-dopa induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease and Fragile X syndrome in proof of principle clinical studies. However, Novartis had announced that the company would be discontinuing its development program in Fragile X following negative results in a large international clinical trial in adults, and more recently in a trial in adolescents. In both placebo-controlled trials, patients taking mavoglurant did not show improvement over placebo in any outcome measures. In patients with L-Dopa-induced dyskinesias studies failed to meet the primary objective of demonstrating improvement of dyskinesia. Mavoglurant was also investigated in phase II clinical trials to reduce chorea in Huntington's disease, but the target result was not achieved. Currently Novartis is conducting a phase II clinical trial to demonstrate whether or not this drug can benificially reduce cocaine use in Cocaine Use Disorder.

Aganepag is a potent Prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist, with an EC50 of 0.19 nM, and shows no activity at EP4 receptor. Aganepag can be used in the research of wound healing, scar reduction, scar prevention and wrinkle treatment and prevention. Aganepag is an antiglaucoma agent.

Suncillin is an antibacteria and antifungal agent produced in Phytera's laboratory from a cell culture of a plant. Suncillin was patented by Bristol-Myers Co. In 1968 for the Pseudomonas bacteria treatment but was never marketed.

Ezlopitant (CJ-11974) is a non-peptide neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist. Pfizer was developing ezlopitant for the potential treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and chemotherapy-induced emesis. Development of ezlopitant has been discontinued.

LAPAQUISTAT is a squalene synthase inhibitor. It was shown to lower cholesterol levels in several animal models. It was investigated for the treatment of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, however, its development was discontinued.

Dexniguldipine (B8509-035, (-)-(R)-niguldipine) is a new dihydropyridine derivative, that exerts selective antiproliferative activity in a variety of tumor models and, in addition, has a high potency in overcoming multidrug resistance. Dexniguldipine is ( - )-(R)-enantiomer of niguldipine, of which the ( )-(S)-enantiomer shows pronounced cardiovascular hypotensive activity due to its high affinity for the voltage-dependent Ca2 channel. As compared with the (S)-enantiomer, the (R)-enantiomer has a 40-fold lower affinity for the Ca 2 channel and, accordingly, only minimal hypotensive activity in animal pharmacology models. Dexniguldipine have shown antiproliferative activity in several tumor cell lines, but the concentrations necessary to inhibit growth have varied by several orders of magnitude between cell lines. Initial results of preclinical investigations for the evaluation of the mechanism of its antiproliferative activity demonstrate that dexniguldipine interferes with intracellular signal transduction by affecting phosphoinositol pathways, protein kinase C expression, and intracellular Ca 2 metabolism. In a series of human tumor xenografts in vitro, dexniguldipine demonstrated selective antiproliferative activity against several tumor types, e.g., melanoma and renal-cell carcinoma. Striking results were obtained in a hamster model, in which neuroendocrine lung tumors could be completely eradicated by 20 weeks of oral treatment with 32.5mg/kg dexniguldipine, whereas Clara-cell-type lung tumors were not affected. In in vitro studies, dexniguldipine has been found to bind to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and to enhance the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin and etoposide in several cell lines The synergistic effect may well be associated with the reversal of multidrug resistance (MDR) related to the activity of P-gp. In the clinical therapy of cancer, resistance to many cytostatic drugs is a major cause of treatment failure. However, the high potency of dexniguldipine (about 10-fold as compared with that of verapamil in vitro) and its low cardiovascular activity provide the opportunity to achieve blood or tumor concentrations that might be high enough to overcome Mdr 1 resistance in patients without producing dose-limiting cardiovascular effects.

Encaleret (JTT-305 or MK-5442) is a potent oral short-acting calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) antagonist and transiently stimulates endogenous parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. CaSR antagonists stimulate endogenous PTH secretion through CaSR on the surface of parathyroid cells and thereby may be anabolic agents for osteoporosis. Japan Tobacco and Merck were developing encaleret for the treatment of osteoporosis however development has been discontinued.

Pyridiphenthion (also known as Pyridaphenthion) is dialkyl pyridazinonyl thiophosphate derivative patented by American Cyanamid Co. as insecticides. Pyridiphenthion acts as broad-spectrum insecticide and acaricide used in the control of sucking and chewing insects and spider mites in cereals, vegetables, fruits and ornamental crops. In Spain and in other countries, it is used in rice fields for the control of Chilo supressalis by aerial application and could contaminate Mediterranean wetlands like Albufera Natural Park