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Restrict the search for
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COPPER(II) 4-OXOPENT-2-EN-2-OLATE (Copper(II) acetylacetonate [Cu(acac)2]) is a soluble copper catalyst that has been widely employed in many types of reactions. It is a powerful reagent in organic synthesis. Anticancer properties of Copper(II) acetylacetonate complex was found by treating different cancer cell lines. The TUNEL assay showed a strong positivity in the C6 cells treated with Cu(acac)2 and this indicates that the Cu compounds initiated cell death by DNA fragmentation.
Status:
Other
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Verticine is a steroidal alkaloid compound extracted from the Fritillaria species of medicinal plants. Verticine was not only able to block the Nav1.7 ion channel but also preferably inhibited the Kv1.3 ion channel. It inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS through blocking MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways. Verticine inhibited the hERG peak tail currents in a concentration dependent manner. Verticine exhibits anti-inflammatory, antitussive, antihypertensive and pain suppression properties.
There is no information related to biological or pharmacological application of lead(II) tetrafluoroborate. It is only known, that this substance is a water soluble and is a lead source for use in oxygen-sensitive applications, such as metal production.
Status:
Other
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Methoxetamine (abbreviated as MXE) is a novel psychoactive substance that is emerging on the Internet and induces dissociative effects and acute toxicity. MXE acts behaviourally as a typical dissociative anesthetic with stimulant and anxiogenic effects at lower doses, sedative/anesthetic effects at higher doses, and as a disruptor of sensorimotor gating. Its pharmacological effects have not yet been adequately investigated, but recently published articles shown, that MXE differentially affected motor activity, behavior and emotional states in rats, depending on the dose tested. Methoxetamine acts mainly as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist and a serotonin reuptake inhibitor.
CUPRIC ETHYLENEDIAMINE is a purple liquid with an ammoniacal odor. It is used to dissolve cellulose products to give a cuprammonium-type solution. Superoxide ion is generated as an intermediate at the first reaction step between CUPRIC ETHYLENEDIAMINE and H2O2. DNA strand scission may be caused by hydroxyl radicals generated from the reaction of CUPRIC ETHYLENEDIAMINE with biological reductants under aerobic conditions. Since ascorbic acid, is present in living cells, CUPRIC ETHYLENEDIAMINE may be capable of initiating DNA damage in the presence of this reductant. Inhalation of vapor CUPRIC ETHYLENEDIAMINE irritates mucous membrane and may cause asthma. Liquid causes severe irritation of eyes and possible corneal injury. Contact with skin causes irritation. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach.
Status:
Other
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Ethionine is a non-proteinogenic amino acid structurally related to methionine, with an ethyl group in place of the methyl group. Ethionine is an antimetabolite and methionine antagonist. It prevents amino acid incorporation into proteins and interferes with cellular use of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Ethionine is a far more potent inhibitor of RNA synthesis than of protein synthesis. While both stereoisomers were active, the L isomer was a more potent inhibitor of RNA synthesis than was the D isomer. In male mice, 3 hr after 20 mg/kg L-ethionine, RNA synthesis was inhibited 80%, while after D-ethionine it was inhibited only 51%. Ethionine was a potent inhibitor of wool growth in sheep; the L- and D-isomers appeared equally effective. Because of these pharmacological effects, ethionine is highly toxic and is a potent carcinogen. L and D-ethionine have being shown to be equally effective in producing tissue damage in rats and mice. The L- and ID-isomers of ethionine
are equally effective in producing pancreatic
and renal changes in the rat as well
as fatty infiltration of the liver and pancreatic
damage in the albino mouse.
Status:
Other
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Ethionine is a non-proteinogenic amino acid structurally related to methionine, with an ethyl group in place of the methyl group. Ethionine is an antimetabolite and methionine antagonist. It prevents amino acid incorporation into proteins and interferes with cellular use of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). DL-Ethionine is a racemic mixture of the anti-methylation agent L-Ethionine and its enantiomer D-Ethionine. DL-Ethionine is used as a dietary supplement to accelerate cholangiocarcinogenesis in vivo. D-Ethionine and D,L-ethionine strongly
enhanced the activity of prolidase II compared with
L-ethionine. DL-Ethionine is used to induce oxidative stress in liver to study the levels and activities of anti-oxidative enzymes and compounds such as glutathione. As a therapeutic agent in the treatment of
malignant tumors of man, ethionine had no demonstrable efficacy. No changes in the appearance of tumor cells were noted after its administration, even when marked effects on other tissues were evident. The distressing toxicity of ethionine prevented further extension of the investigation.
