Amonafide L-malate (AS1413, Xanafide) is a DNA intercalator and topoisomerase II inhibitor that induces apoptosis by disrupting chromatin organisation independently of ATP. This is different from classical topoisomerase II inhibitors which induce apoptosis by causing extensive DNA damage. Amonafide L-malate is also able to evade P-glycoprotein and related transporters that contribute to multi-drug resistance. AS1413 had orphan drug status in both the U.S. and the E.U. for the treatment of AML and also received Fast Track status from the U.S. FDA for the treatment of secondary AML. Amonafide L-malate was originated by Xanthus Pharmaceuticals. It was added to Antisoma's pipeline through the acquisition of Xanthus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in June 2008. Antisoma discontinued development of Amonafide L-malate after data from the open-label, international Phase III ACCEDE trial in over 420 patients showed that 600 mg/m 2 IV amonafide for 5 days plus cytarabine missed the primary endpoint of significantly improving initial remission rate, defined as the proportion of patients who achieve CR or CRi, vs. daunorubicin plus cytarabine.

Amiselimod (MT-1303) is a selective sphingosine 1-phosphate 1 (S1P1 ) receptor modulator which is currently being developed for the treatment of various autoimmune diseases. Unlike some other S1P receptor modulators, amiselimod seemed to show a favourable cardiac safety profile in preclinical, phase I and II studies. Amiselimod may be potentially useful for treatment of multiple sclerosis; inflammatory diseases; autoimmune diseases; psoriasis and inflammatory bowel diseases. Amiselimod is currently being developed by Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation.

Dexefaroxan is a selective alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Вexefaroxan improved TgCRND8 (protein-transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease) behavioral phenotypes and increased BDNF mRNA expression without affecting amyloid-β peptide levels. Dexefaroxan treatment also enhanced the number and complexity of the dendritic arborizations of polysialated neural cell adhesion molecule-positive neurons. The trophic effects of dexefaroxan on newborn cells might involve an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which was upregulated in afferent noradrenergic fiber projection areas and in neurons in the granule cell layer. By promoting the survival of new endogenously formed neurons, dexefaroxan treatment represents a potential therapeutic strategy for maintaining adult neurogenesis in neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease, that affect the hippocampus. Dexefaroxan increases neuron survival in the olfactory bulb of the adult rat in vivo, putatively as a result of reducing the apoptotic fate of telencephalic stem cell progenies.

AZD-3514 is a down-regulator of androgen receptors. The drug was synthesized by AstraZeneca for the treatment of castrate-resistant prostate cancer and even reached phase I, however, its development was terminated.

Altanserin is a potent and selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist. Serotonin (5-HT) system functioning have been proposed for a variety of psychiatric disorders, but a direct method quantitatively assessing 5-HT release capacity in the living human brain is still lacking. It was suggested that the combination of a dexfenfluramine-induced 5-HT release and subsequent assessment of 5-HT(2A) receptor availability with [(18)F]altanserin by positron emission tomography (PET) was suitable to measure cortical 5-HT release capacity in the human brain. Besides human neuroimaging studies altanserin has also been used in the study of rats.

Clobenzepam (tarpane) is a drug exhibiting antihistaminic properties.

Wilex developed WX-UK1 as a specific inhibitor of human trypsin-2, human trypsin-3 and urokinase-plasminogen activator. WX-UK1 participated in phase I clinical trial in combination with capecitabine in advanced malignancies to determine the safety, tolerability, maximum tolerated dose, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. However, in April 2014, the clinical development of this drug was discontinued, as part of a company restructure.

Rocastine (AHR-11325) is a potent, nonsedating antihistamine with a rapid onset of action. This H1-antagonist effectively protected guinea pigs challenged with a lethal dose of histamine. It has also been mentioned in patents as a candidate to treat eye conditions and cough/cold mixtures (in which the lack of sedative effects from a non-sedating antihistamine would be especially useful in children, because daytime sedation is especially undesirable in this group). However, information on current use is not available and other second-generation, non-sedative antihistamines are available.

Dioxethedrin is the ephedrine derivative. It is the beta-adrenergic agonist. As a bronchodilator and sympathomimetic agent is was used in antitussive syrup Bexol.