Escin, a natural mixture of triterpenoid saponins isolated from horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) seeds, is used and studied as a vasoprotective anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and anti-nociceptive agent. In traditional Chinese medicine, Escin is widely used for the treatment of cerebral edema, and chronic venous insufficiency, among other conditions while recent studies showed Escin might have antitumor effects as well. Escin reduced cell proliferation and induces apoptosis on glioma and lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Escin suppressed the metastasis of triple‐negative breast cancer cells through inhibiting epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, the study also showed Escin can reverse multidrug resistance through inhibition of the GSK3β/β–catenin pathway in cholangiocarcinoma cells. Escin has been proved to be well tolerated and efficiency on improving the gastrointestinal motility in patients with colorectal cancer.

Avilamycin is an orthosomycin antibiotic complex produced by the fermentation of Streptomyces viridochromogenes. Avilamycin is intended for use as a veterinary medicine in chickens, turkeys, pigs and rabbits to control bacterial enteric infections. It exhibits good antimicrobial activity against important veterinary Gram-positive pathogens (e.g., Clostridium perfringens) and has no related molecules in its class in human use. Therefore, avilamycin has been developed for treating necrotic enteritis in poultry, and enteric disease in pig and rabbits. Avilamycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis through a novel mechanism of action by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit and preventing the association of IF2, which inhibits the formation of the mature 70S initiation complex, and the correct positioning of tRNA in the aminoacyl site. No adverse drug-related changes were observed.