Robenidine (l,3-6ts (p-chlorobenzylidenamino) guanidine hydrochloride) is an effective anticoccidial, first introduced by Kantor, Kennett, Waletzky & Tomcufcik (1970). It does not affect the earliest stages in the coccidial life-cycle and its main activity is against the almost mature first generation schizont. It is used as an aid in the prevention of coccidiosis caused by Eimeria mivati, E. brunetti, E. tenella, E. acervulina, E. maxima and E. necatrix in broiler chickens.

Lasalocid is a polyether ionophore with potent antibacterial activity. Lasalocid was developed as an animal health product for treatment of coccidia. Lasalocid is able to form neutral complexes with monovalent and divalent cations and transport the ions through apolar phase (including lipid bilayer membranes). Interestingly, lasalocid can also transport larger organic cations, e.g. protonated dopamine. Lasalocid is used for the prevention of coccidiosis caused by Eimeria tenella, E. necatrix, E. acervulina, E. brunetti, E. mivati, and E. maxima, and for increased rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency in broiler chickens. Also used for control of coccidiosis caused by Eimeria bovis and E. zuernii in cattle up to 800 lbs. and for prevention of coccidiosis caused by Eimeria ovina, E. crandallis, E. ovinoidalis (E. ninakohlyakimovae), E. parva and E. intricata in sheep maintained in confinement. Lasalocid has being shown to induce cytotoxic apoptosis and cytoprotective autophagy through reactive oxygen species in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Lasalocid should be useful in the search for new potential chemotherapeutic agents for understanding the molecular mechanisms of anticancer in prostate cancer cells.

Tylosin (trade names Tylocine, Tylan) is a bacteriostat feed additive used in veterinary medicine. It has a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive organisms and a limited range of Gram-negative organisms. It is found naturally as a fermentation product of Streptomyces fradiae. It is a macrolide antibiotic. Tylosin is used in veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections in a wide range of species and has a high margin of safety. Tylosin is certified by the FDA but is only approved for use in livestock such as cattle, chickens, swine, and turkeys. The FDA has prohibited the use of tylosin in dogs and cats, except where it is specifically prescribed by a veterinarian. Tylosin has a bacteriostatic effect on susceptible organisms, caused by inhibition of protein synthesis through binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome.

S-Carboxymethylcysteine (carbocysteine or SCMC; also available in the lysinate form, SCMC-Lys) is a mucoactive drug, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Carbocysteine has been recently recognized as an effective and safe treatment for the long-term management of COPD, able to reduce the incidence of exacerbations and improve patient quality of life. Moreover, carbocysteine was effective in counteracting some symptoms associated with cancer cachexia. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of carbocysteine are more important than mucolysis itself for its therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, carbocysteine may be able to reverse the oxidative stress associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.

Pimagedine is a nucleophilic hydrazine. It was shown to inhibit diamine oxidase (histaminase), which catalyzes the oxidative deamination of diamines histamine and putrescine. Pimagedine was also reported to inhibit nitric oxide synthase (NOS) based on its structural similarity to the NOS substrate L-arginine. Although pimagedine affects constitutive NOS (cNOS) isoform, it has been demonstrated to be a relatively selective inhibitor of the inducible NOS (iNOS) isoform. Pimagedine was shown to stabilize S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC). Pimagedine (aminoguanidine HCl) has been shown to be an effective agent in reducing the severity of the structural and functional alterations associated with experimental diabetic nephropathy. But clinical trial of pimagedine to prevent progression of diabetic nephropathy was terminated early due to safety concerns and apparent lack of efficacy.

Pimagedine is a nucleophilic hydrazine. It was shown to inhibit diamine oxidase (histaminase), which catalyzes the oxidative deamination of diamines histamine and putrescine. Pimagedine was also reported to inhibit nitric oxide synthase (NOS) based on its structural similarity to the NOS substrate L-arginine. Although pimagedine affects constitutive NOS (cNOS) isoform, it has been demonstrated to be a relatively selective inhibitor of the inducible NOS (iNOS) isoform. Pimagedine was shown to stabilize S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC). Pimagedine (aminoguanidine HCl) has been shown to be an effective agent in reducing the severity of the structural and functional alterations associated with experimental diabetic nephropathy. But clinical trial of pimagedine to prevent progression of diabetic nephropathy was terminated early due to safety concerns and apparent lack of efficacy.

S-Carboxymethylcysteine (carbocysteine or SCMC; also available in the lysinate form, SCMC-Lys) is a mucoactive drug, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Carbocysteine has been recently recognized as an effective and safe treatment for the long-term management of COPD, able to reduce the incidence of exacerbations and improve patient quality of life. Moreover, carbocysteine was effective in counteracting some symptoms associated with cancer cachexia. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of carbocysteine are more important than mucolysis itself for its therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, carbocysteine may be able to reverse the oxidative stress associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.

Cefovecin is a third generation cephalosporin with a broad-spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Cefovecin differs from other cephalosporins in that it is highly protein bound and has a long duration of activity. As with all cephalosporins, the bactericidal action of cefovecin results from the inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis through binding to the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). It is indicated for the treatment of skin infections secondary superficial pyoderma, abscesses and wounds. Some gastrointestinal adverse effects like vomiting, anorexia or diarrhea were observed.

S-Carboxymethylcysteine (carbocysteine or SCMC; also available in the lysinate form, SCMC-Lys) is a mucoactive drug, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Carbocysteine has been recently recognized as an effective and safe treatment for the long-term management of COPD, able to reduce the incidence of exacerbations and improve patient quality of life. Moreover, carbocysteine was effective in counteracting some symptoms associated with cancer cachexia. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of carbocysteine are more important than mucolysis itself for its therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, carbocysteine may be able to reverse the oxidative stress associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.

Pimagedine is a nucleophilic hydrazine. It was shown to inhibit diamine oxidase (histaminase), which catalyzes the oxidative deamination of diamines histamine and putrescine. Pimagedine was also reported to inhibit nitric oxide synthase (NOS) based on its structural similarity to the NOS substrate L-arginine. Although pimagedine affects constitutive NOS (cNOS) isoform, it has been demonstrated to be a relatively selective inhibitor of the inducible NOS (iNOS) isoform. Pimagedine was shown to stabilize S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC). Pimagedine (aminoguanidine HCl) has been shown to be an effective agent in reducing the severity of the structural and functional alterations associated with experimental diabetic nephropathy. But clinical trial of pimagedine to prevent progression of diabetic nephropathy was terminated early due to safety concerns and apparent lack of efficacy.