Luminol (5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione) is a yellow-colored crystalline solid powder and soluble in most polar organic solvents, but insoluble in water. An alkaline solution of luminol oxidized by oxidizing agents exhibits chemiluminescence. Luminol was first synthesized by Schmitz in 1902, the chemiluminescence property of luminol was first discovered by Albrecht in 1928. Luminol is one of the most widely used chemiluminescent compounds because of its availability and low cost. Luminol-based methods are used in environmental monitoring as biosensors, in the pharmaceutical industry for cellular localization and as biological tracers, and in reporter gene-based assays and several other immunoassays.

PBR28 or PBR-28, a chemical substance that binds to translocator protein TSPO, also known as Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR). TSPO located within the cells such as macrophages reaches high levels of expression in inflammatory conditions and thus can be a biomarker of neuroinflammation. When radioactivity in the form of carbon-11 is tagged to PBR 28 and is administered, its uptake in the inflammatory body regions can be measured using positron emission tomography (PET). PBR28 now is involved in a clinical trial to evaluate the specificity of its binding in the joints of patients with inflammatory joint disease, like rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis.

LM11A-31 is a small, nonpeptide, monomeric ligand of p75 neutrophin receptor (p75NTR). The compound promotes neuron survival in vitro. PharmatrophiX is developing a modified version of LM11A-31 (LM11A 31 BHS) for the oral treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

LM11A-31 is a small, nonpeptide, monomeric ligand of p75 neutrophin receptor (p75NTR). The compound promotes neuron survival in vitro. PharmatrophiX is developing a modified version of LM11A-31 (LM11A 31 BHS) for the oral treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Chelerythrine is a kind of benzo[c] phenanthridine alkaloids, which is widely found in plant of Fumariaceae, Papaveraceae, Ranunculaceae and Rutaceae families. Chelerythrine is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein kinase C. In addition chelerythrine inhibits pro-survival protein Bcl(XL) thereby inducing apoptosis. It exerts antitumor properties.