Artemotil (also known as beta-arteether) is an antimalarial artemisinin derivative, approved for the treatment of severe cases of P. falciparum malaria. The mixture of artemotil and alpha-arteether is used in patients with cerebral malaria. Most of the artemisinin compounds including artemotil are metabolized into dihydroartemisinin, which is responsible for antimalarial activity. These compounds contain stable endoperoxide bridge. The antimalarial activity of the drug thus is dependent on the cleavage of the endoperoxide by intraparasitic heme. The cleaved endoperoxide ultimately becomes a carbon centered free radical, which then functions as an alkylating agent, reacting with both heme and parasitic proteins (but not DNA). In P. falciparum, one of the principal alkylation target is the translationally controlled tumor protein (DHA-TCTP) homolog. Some intraparasitic TCTP is situated in the membrane surrounding the heme-rich food vacuole, where heme could catalyse the formation of drug-protein (DHA-TCTP) adduct and inhibit the parasite's growth.

Tazanolast, an anti-allergic and anti-asthmatic agent with selective mast-cell stabilising effects, was developed jointly by Wakamoto and Torii Pharmaceuticals.

Fenaclon is an anticonvulsant. It was developed in the former USSR. It is indicated for the treatment of epilepsy.

Dalbavancin is a mixture of five closely related active homologs (A0, A1, B0, B1, and B2); the component B0 is the major component of dalbavancin. The predominant component of dalbavancin is Factor B0, which accounts for >75% of the whole complex. Dalbavancin is a second-generation lipoglycopeptide antibiotic that was designed to improve on the natural glycopeptides currently available, such as vancomycin and teicoplanin. Modifications from these older glycoprotein classes allowed a similar mechanism of action with increased activity and once weekly dosing. Its use is indicated for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) caused by the following gram-positive microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant strains), S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, and S. anginosus group (including S. anginosus, S. intermedius, and S. constellatus). Under the brand name DALVANCE Dalbavancin is indicated for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) caused by designated susceptible strains of Gram-positive microorganisms. The bactericidal action of dalbavancin results primarily from inhibition of cell-wall biosynthesis. Specifically, dalbavancin prevents incorporation of N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)- and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)-peptide subunits from being incorporated into the peptidoglycan matrix; which forms the major structural component of Gram-positive cell walls. The large hydrophilic molecule is able to form hydrogen bond interactions with the terminal D-alanyl-D-alanine moieties of the NAM/NAG-peptides, which is normally a five-point interaction. Binding of dalbavancin to the D-Ala-D-Ala prevents the incorporation of the NAM/NAG-peptide subunits into the peptidoglycan matrix. In addition, dalbavancin alters bacterial-cell-membrane permeability and RNA synthesis.

Tepoxalin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug approved for veterinary use in the United States and many other countries. Marketed under the brand name Zubrin, Tepoxalin is indicated for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in dogs. Tepoxalin has an unique property as an NSAIDs that suppresses both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase.

Isepamicin is an aminoglycoside antibacterial with properties similar to those of amikacin, but with better activity against strains producing type I 6'-acetyltransferase. The antibacterial spectrum includes Enterobacteriaceae and staphylococci. Anaerobes, Neisseriaceae and streptococci are resistant. The lower and upper break-points are 8 and 16 mg/L. Like other aminoglycosides, isepamicin exhibits a strong concentration-dependent bactericidal effect, a long post-antibiotic effect (several hours) and induces adaptive resistance. Isepamicin is administered intravenously or intramuscularly at a dosage of 15 mg/kg once daily or 7.5 mg/kg twice daily. Isepamicin is not bound to plasma proteins, and it distributes in extracellular fluids and into some cells (outer hair cells, kidney cortex) by active transport. Isepamicin has been developed and approved for clinical use in the 1990s.

Buflomedil (trade name Loftyl) is a vasoactive drug used to treat claudication or the symptoms of peripheral arterial disease. Buflomedil has been used for people with diseases of the leg arteries and has shown some benefits for people with a previous stroke. The most common type of stroke is due to narrowing or blockage of an artery in the brain (i.e. ischaemic stroke). Buflomedil is a drug that can dilate brain blood vessels, which may have benefit for people with ischaemic stroke. However, it has not been approved to treat stroke in clinical practice. In 2012 the European Medicines Agency has completed a review of the safety and effectiveness of buflomedil-containing medicines, both oral and injectable, due to severe neurological and cardiac side effects seen with buflomedil. The Agency’s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) concluded that the benefits of buflomedil do not outweigh its risks, and has recommended that all marketing authorisations for medicines containing buflomedil should be suspended throughout the European Union (EU).

ISOPENTYL NITRITE (Amyl nitrite) is a chemical compound with an amyl group attached to the nitrite functional group. Amyl nitrite, in common with other alkyl nitrites, is a potent vasodilator; it expands blood vessels, resulting in lowering of the blood pressure. Alkyl nitrites are a source of nitric oxide, which signals for relaxation of the involuntary muscles. Physical effects include the decrease in blood pressure, headache, flushing of the face, increased heart rate, dizziness, and relaxation of involuntary muscles, especially the blood vessel walls and the internal and external anal sphincter. There are no withdrawal symptoms. Overdose symptoms include nausea, vomiting, hypotension, hypoventilation, shortness of breath, and fainting. The effects set in very quickly, typically within a few seconds and disappear within a few minutes. Amyl nitrite may also intensify the experience of synesthesia. Amyl nitrite is employed medically to treat heart diseases as well as angina. Amyl nitrite is sometimes used as an antidote for cyanide poisoning. It can act as an oxidant, to induce the formation of methemoglobin. Methemoglobin, in turn, can sequester cyanide as cyanomethemoglobin.

Acefylline is a stimulant drug of the xanthine chemical class. It acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist. Acephylline piperazine is a theophylline derivative with a direct bronchodilator action. It has the advantages over theophylline in being far less toxic and producing minimal gastric irritation. It is indicated for the treatment of asthma, emphysema, acute and chronic bronchitis associated with bronchospasm.Acefylline relaxes smooth muscles, relieves bronchospasm & has a stimulant effect on respiration. It stimulates the myocardium & central nervous system, decreases peripheral resistance & venous pressure & causes diuresis. The mechanism of action is still not clear, inhibition of phosphodiesterase with a resulting increase in intracellular cyclic AMP does occur, but not apparently at concentrations normally used for clinical effect. Other proposed mechanisms of action include adenosine receptor antagonism, prostaglandin antagonism & effects on intracellular calcium. Sodium phenobarbital is a non-selective central nervous system depressant that is primarily used as sedative-hypnotic.

Phenyliodoundecynoate, an antifungal agent, is a component of Dermacid ointment and solution, used for the treatment of dermatomycosis.