ACEFYLLINE

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C9H10N4O4
Molecular Weight	238.2001
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CN1C2=C(N(CC(O)=O)C=N2)C(=O)N(C)C1=O

InChI

InChIKey=HCYFGRCYSCXKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C9H10N4O4/c1-11-7-6(8(16)12(2)9(11)17)13(4-10-7)3-5(14)15/h4H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,14,15)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://www.drugs.com/international/acefylline-piperazine.html | http://www.sedico.net/English/products/webpages/Acefylline/Acefylline_e.htm | https://memphis.com.eg/en/products/syrup/132.html

Acefylline is a stimulant drug of the xanthine chemical class. It acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist. Acephylline piperazine is a theophylline derivative with a direct bronchodilator action. It has the advantages over theophylline in being far less toxic and producing minimal gastric irritation. It is indicated for the treatment of asthma, emphysema, acute and chronic bronchitis associated with bronchospasm.Acefylline relaxes smooth muscles, relieves bronchospasm & has a stimulant effect on respiration. It stimulates the myocardium & central nervous system, decreases peripheral resistance & venous pressure & causes diuresis. The mechanism of action is still not clear, inhibition of phosphodiesterase with a resulting increase in intracellular cyclic AMP does occur, but not apparently at concentrations normally used for clinical effect. Other proposed mechanisms of action include adenosine receptor antagonism, prostaglandin antagonism & effects on intracellular calcium. Sodium phenobarbital is a non-selective central nervous system depressant that is primarily used as sedative-hypnotic.

CNS Activity

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Adenosine A2b receptor 22 Target ID: CHEMBL255 Sources: https://memphis.com.eg/en/products/syrup/132.html \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12014951	Antagonist 2778		27.6 µM [Ki]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Bronchitis 51 Sources: https://memphis.com.eg/en/products/syrup/132.html	Primary	Approved 8429	Etaphylline Approved Use Etaphylline is primarily indicated in conditions like Bronchitis, Bronchospasm, Emphysema, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Asthma, Biliary colic, Cardiac insufficiency.
Pulmonary Emphysema 6 Sources: http://www.sedico.net/English/products/webpages/Acefylline/Acefylline_e.htm	Primary	Approved 8429	Etaphylline Approved Use Etaphylline is primarily indicated in conditions like Bronchitis, Bronchospasm, Emphysema, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Asthma, Biliary colic, Cardiac insufficiency.
Asthma 241 Sources: http://www.sedico.net/English/products/webpages/Acefylline/Acefylline_e.htm	Primary	Approved 8429	Etaphylline Approved Use Etaphylline is primarily indicated in conditions like Bronchitis, Bronchospasm, Emphysema, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Asthma, Biliary colic, Cardiac insufficiency.
Bronchial spasm 78 Sources: http://www.sedico.net/English/products/webpages/Acefylline/Acefylline_e.htm	Primary	Approved 8429	Etaphylline Approved Use Etaphylline is primarily indicated in conditions like Bronchitis, Bronchospasm, Emphysema, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Asthma, Biliary colic, Cardiac insufficiency.

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Esterification of 7-theophyllineacetic acid with diethylene glycol monomethyl ether.	2006 Jun	16613730
Development and validation of chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometric and liquid chromatographic methods for the simultaneous determination of two multicomponent mixtures containing bronchodilator drugs.	2007 Feb 19	17046190
Acebrophylline: an airway mucoregulator and anti-inflammatory agent.	2007 Jun	17695695
Solid-state chemistry of ambroxol theophylline-7-acetate.	2007 May	17455344
Molecularly imprinted polymers for ochratoxin a extraction and analysis.	2010 Jun	22069649

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Dosage & route of administration & duration: The optimum therapeutic serum concentration is considered to range from 10 to 20 mcg/ml To avoid adverse effects the rate of infusion administration should not exceed 20 mg / min For I.M & slow I.V injection of 200 mg over at least 15 min. For IV infusion a loading dose of 4 mg/kg may be given over 20 to 30 min followed by a suggested maintenance dose of 0.5 mg /kg / hour reduced after 12 hours to 0.4 mg/kg/hour. Suggested Doses for children: 4mg/Kg by slow IV injection over at least 15 min or by infusion with a loading dose of 4 mg/kg followed by maintenance doses of: Children from 6 months to 6 years...................0.8 to 1 mg/kg/hour, reduced after the first 12 hours to 0.6 mg/kg/hour. Children over 6 years.....................................0.75 mg/kg/hour, reduced after the first 12 hours to 0.5 mg/kg/hour.

Route of Administration: Parenteral

In Vitro Use Guide

After topical application of a gel formulation containing 3% acefylline at the surface of reconstructed human epidermis, immunoblotting analysis showed an increase in the total amount of deiminated proteins, and confocal microscopy showed an enhanced deimination in the stratum corneum. This demonstrated the activation of PADs in living cells.

Name

Type

Language

ACEFYLLINE

Common Name

English

CAFFEINE CARBOXYLIC ACID

Official Name

English

7H-PURINE-7-ACETIC ACID, 1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDRO-1,3-DIMETHYL-2,6-DIOXO-

Common Name

English

CAFFEINE CARBOXYLIC ACID [INCI]

Common Name

English

Acefylline [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

7-THEOPHYLLINEACETIC ACID

Systematic Name

English

NSC-52996

Code

English

1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDRO-1,3-DIMETHYL-2,6-DIOXOPURINE-7-ACETIC A

Common Name

English

THEOPHYLLINE-7-ACETIC ACID

Systematic Name

English

DOXOPHYLLINE METABOLITE M2

Common Name

English

ACEFYLLINE [MI]

Common Name

English

ACEPHYLLINE

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NCI_THESAURUS

C319