Fenethylline (generic name Captagon) is a codrug of amphetamine and theophylline. In the fenetylline molecule, theophylline is covalently linked with amphetamine via an alkyl chain. It was formerly used to treat conditions such as ADHD, narcolepsy, and depression, but its use has been banned because of the potential for abuse. Amphetamine, an agonist for trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) with enhancing dopamine signaling (an increase of irritability, aggression, etc.), is the main cause of Captagon addiction. Theophylline, an antagonist that blocks adenosine receptors (e.g. A2aR) in the brain responsible for restlessness and painlessness, may attenuate the behavioral sensitization caused by amphetamine. Fenethylline is included in a list of compounds to be considered by a World Health Organization (WHO) Expert Committee in April 1985 for possible international scheduling under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971. Fenethylline re-emerged because of its widespread abuse by Middle Eastern young adults. Terrorist groups such as the Islamic State to enhance what they consider desirable characteristics - aggressiveness, alertness, and fearlessness - in their recruits, promote it.

Epithiazide (epithizide) is a diuretic drug. Its combination with Veriloid under the trade name Thiaver was used in the 1960s for the treatment of hypertension.

Epithiazide (epithizide) is a diuretic drug. Its combination with Veriloid under the trade name Thiaver was used in the 1960s for the treatment of hypertension.

Medrylamine is an antihistamine agent. It was used topically. Medrylamine offers sure relief from allergic manifestations of varied and unknown etiologies

Mefenorex or (+/-)N-(3-chloropropyl)-1-methyl-2-phenylethylamine is an N-alkylated analogue of amphetamine. The therapeutic efficacy of mefenorex as an adjunctive support in the treatment of obesity for limited periods of time, as well as its ability to be well tolerated, has been amply demonstrated. Mefenorex is considered to be racemic mixture, no available data regarding enantiospecific pharmacological activity of the compound.

Mefenorex or (+/-)N-(3-chloropropyl)-1-methyl-2-phenylethylamine is an N-alkylated analogue of amphetamine. The therapeutic efficacy of mefenorex as an adjunctive support in the treatment of obesity for limited periods of time, as well as its ability to be well tolerated, has been amply demonstrated. Mefenorex is considered to be racemic mixture, no available data regarding enantiospecific pharmacological activity of the compound.

Higenamine HCl (norcoclaurine) is a plant-based alkaloid widely used as nutritional supplement in food and beverage industries. It exists in variety of plants including Tinospora crispa, Nandina domestica, Gnetum Parvifolium C.Y. Cheng, sarum Heterotropoides, Nelumbo nucifera. It was initially isolated from Aconitum and identified as the active cardiotonic component of this medicinal plant used as local and traditional medicines in many Asian regions for the treatment of various diseases such as collapse, syncope, painful joints, oedema, bronchial asthma etc. Various pharmacological properties and potentially multi-spectral medical applications of higenamine have been reviled in many in vitro and in vivo studies conducted in animals and humans. Pharmacological properties of higenamine include positive inotropic and chronotropic effect, activating slow channel effect, vascular and tracheal relaxation effect, anti-thrombotic, anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative effect, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect. Studies on higenamine showed potential therapeutic effects for diseases like heart failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), shock, arthritis, asthma, ischemia/reperfusion injuries and erectile dysfunction. Higenamine has been tested as a candidate of pharmacologic stress agent in the detection of coronary artery diseases (CADs) in human clinical studies in China. In animal models, higenamine has been demonstrated to be a β2 adrenoreceptor agonist. It partly exerts its actions by the activation of adenylate cyclase, responsible for boosting the cellular concentrations of the adrenergic second messenger, cAMP. Via a beta-adrenoceptor mechanism higenamine, induced relaxation in rat corpus cavernosum, leading to improved vasodilation and erectile function. Related to improved vasodilatory signals, higenamine has been shown to possess antiplatelet and antithrombotic activity via a cAMP-dependent pathway, suggesting it may contribute to enhanced vasodilation and arterial integrity. Anti-apoptotic and cardiac protective effects of higenamine were shown to be mediated by the β2-AR/PI3K/AKT cascade. Higenamine is marketed as a dietary supplement for weight loss and sport performance, and is added to many fat burning supplements. Along with many other β2 agonists, higenamine is prohibited by World Anti-Doping Agency for use in sports.

Piprozolin is a choleretic drug. It was marketed under tradenames Probilin, Secrebil, Prozobil for the treatment of biliary-tract disorders and dyspepsia.

Piprozolin is a choleretic drug. It was marketed under tradenames Probilin, Secrebil, Prozobil for the treatment of biliary-tract disorders and dyspepsia.