Thymotrinan (also known as RGH-0205) is a protected synthetic tripeptide patented by Hungarian multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology company Gedeon Richter Plc. (Richter, Gedeon, Vegyeszeti Gyar Rt) as an immunomodulating agent. Thymotrinan is the shortest thymopoietin fragment, that induces differentiation of CD90 cytotoxic T cell in the thymus. In preclinical models Thymotrinan is shown to exert similar immunomodulatory activities to thymopoietin affecting both humoral and cellular responses. In chronic 28-days i.v. toxicity studies in dogs no adverse reaction has been found. The low toxicity of Thymotrinan is probably attributable to their short half-life.

Tizabrin is the antithrombotic, fibrinolytic agent. Tizabrin (CP-2129) stimulates fibrinolysis after intravenous administration in human volunteers due to an increase in tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity. Tizabrin has no intrinsic fibrinolytic activity in vitro.

Tiprotimod is a new synthetic thiazole derivative of cefodizime. It is an immunopotentiator of low molecular weight. The broadest immunological activity was seen for this drug. The drug was able to enhance the delayed type hypersensitivity-response against sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) and to stimulate the humoral immune response against Tetanus toxoid and heat-killed E. coli. In the popliteal lymph node assay, a murine graft-vs-host model, a stimulating effect of the substance was observed when it was administered at the same time of the grafts to rats. These results demonstrate that tiprotimod is a potent immunopotentiator for both humoral and cell mediated immune response in experimental animals. The ability of the tiprotimod molecule to enhance the production of ROS by stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes and to act agonistically with TNF-alpha or lipopolysaccharide is abrogated when tiprotimod is part of the cefodizime molecule.

Vanoxerine, also known as GBR-12909, is a piperazine derivative exhibiting potent selective inhibition of sodium-dependent dopamine reuptake transporters. Vanoxerine has been in clinical trials for Parkinsonism, depression and cocaine addiction but lacked efficacy. Vanoxerine has also been observed as a potent blocker of the following channels: cardiac hERG/IKr potassium channel, Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit (also known as Cav1.2) and voltage-gated sodium channel Nav 1.5. Vanoxerine was studied as a potential treatment for atrial fibrillation. However, phase III clinical trials for this condition were terminated because of cardiac safety concerns. Research also indicates that vanoxerine may have additional mechanisms of action including antagonist action at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs).

CTS-1027 (Ro-1130830) is a hydroxamic acid matrix metalloprotease (MMP) inhibitor. CTS-1027 was originally designed as a strong inhibitor of MMP-2, -3, -8, -9, -12, -13 and -14, without inhibiting MMP-1 and MMP-7. CTS-1027 was proved to be safe in clinical trials for osteoarthritis conducted by Roche. CTS-1027 was then licensed from Roche to Conatus Pharmaceuticals and was investigated as a protector from liver fibrosis in hepatitis C virus patients. The development of the drug was discontinued due to laboratory abnormalities and adverse events in a subset of clinical trial participants.

Ticolubant (also known as SB-209247) is a pyridine derivative patented by SmithKline Beckman Corp. as an anti-inflammatory leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist. Ticolubant displays high affinity for the human neutrophil LTB4 receptor, blocks LTB4-induced Ca2+ mobilization, and demonstrates potent oral and topical antiinflammatory activity in a murine model of dermal inflammation. However, Ticolubant did not show significant oral activity in a murine model of inflammation. Development of Ticolubant was discontinued when administration to beagle dogs for 28 days was associated with non-dose-dependant inflammatory hepatopathy, with minimal hepatocellular necrosis being observed in the more severe cases

Mipragoside (also known as AGF 44), an isopropyl ester of monosialoganglioside GM1 that was developed as an anti-inflammatory agent. The topical treatment by this drug improved symptoms of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Mipragoside was in phase I in Italy for the treatment of inflammation; however, this study was discontinued.

KETOTREXATE is an antifolate developed to overcome methotrexate (MTX) resistance. However, it demonstrated such potential only in MTX-resistant sensitive L1210/FR8 leukemia cells and its clinical development was discontinued. Unlike MTX, KETOTREXATE exhibited minimal inhibition of purified dihydrofolate reductase, which implies that it does not act as a classical antifolate.

Mimbane was developed by Parke-Davis as an analgesic. Information about the current use of the drug is not available.

Lotrafiban (SmithKline Beecham) is a member of the latest generation of orally-active platelet GPIIb/IIIa blockers undergoing Phase III clinical trials to test the relative effectiveness versus other oral platelet inhibitors for ischaemic conditions including unstable angina, restenosis after PCI and stroke. Lotrafiban is converted from an esterified prodrug by plasma and liver esterases to a peptidomimetic of the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid amino acid sequence. This sequence itself mimics the binding site of fibrinogen and von Willebrand Factor to the platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor. Preliminary results of the clinical trial APLAUD (antiplatelet useful dose) show that lotrafiban is clinically safe and well-tolerated in patients with recent myocardial infarction, unstable angina, transient ischaemic attack (TIA), or stroke when added to aspirin therapy. The Blockade of the IIb/IIIa Receptor to Avoid Vascular Occlusion (BRAVO) trial of SmithKline Beecham's oral GpIIb/IIIa blocker, lotrafiban, has been stopped early because of concerns about both safety and efficacy. The drug was showing a higher mortality rate than placebo, and was also associated with an increased incidence of serious thrombocytopenia and major bleeding. As a result of these findings the company has discontinued development of lotrafiban.