Dicazepam (known as Ro5-3448, chlorodiazepam and 2'-chloro-diazepam) is a 2’-chloro derivative of diazepam that has emerged as a designer drug and is intended for forensic and research applications. It is metabolized in vivo into the pharmacologically active which can be detected in urine.

Boldione, also known as androstadienedione or 1-dehydroandrostenedione, as well as 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione, is an important industrial precursor for various steroid hormones. Boldione is a direct precursor (prohormone) to the anabolic steroid boldenone (1,4-androstadiene-17beta-ol-3-one). It is advertised as a highly anabolic/androgenic compound promoting muscularity, enhancing strength and overall physical performance, and is available on the Internet and in health stores. Boldione was marketed as a prohormone “dietary supplement” for many years in the mid-2000’s, but it is truly a potent precursor (ie. converts in the body) to the anabolic steroid Boldenone. In 2005 the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2005 classified boldenone as a Schedule III controlled illegal steroid.

Mesotrione is a new herbicide being developed for the selective pre- and post-emergence control of a wide range of broad-leaved and grass weeds in maize (Zea mays). It is a member of the benzoylcyclohexane-1,3-dione family of herbicides, which are chemically derived from a natural phytotoxin obtained from the Californian bottlebrush plant, Callistemon citrinus. The compound acts by competitive inhibition of the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), a component of the biochemical pathway that converts tyrosine to plastoquinone and alpha-tocopherol. Mesotrione is an extremely potent inhibitor of HPPD from Arabidopsis thaliana, with a Ki value of c 6-18 pM. Commercialization of mesotrione began with its launch in the United States, Germany and Austria in 2001. It is now available under various Syngenta trade names — Callisto, Lumax, Lexar, Halex GT, Camix, Calcris, Elumis, Calaris Callisto Xtra and Tenacity — in more than 50 countries, including Austria, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Mozambique, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States.

There is no information about biological and pharmacological application of lead stearate. But is known, that this is a toxic substance which can accumulate inside organism, because it can be absorbed through the skin.

Enniatin A was reported from the fungus Fusarium orthoceras var. enniatinum by Gaumann et al. in 1947, and was shown to be active against several mycobacteria in vitro. In 1974, Audhya and Russel identified that previously reported enniatin A was actually a mixture of threo and erythro optical isomers. At that time, only enniatin B had been observed pure from a natural source. Enniatin A is one of four major analogs in the enniatin complex. It has been shown to moderately inhibit acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase activity in rat liver microtomes with an IC50 value of 22 µM.

CGS-9895 is nanomolar null modulator (antagonist) at the benzodiazepine binding site and at micromolar concentrations also modulate the receptors via the α+β- interface. The modulatory action of CGS 9895 is sensitive to the types of a and b subunit isoforms present in the receptor.

4'-Hydroxy diclofenac, a metabolite of diclofenac, suppresses prostaglandin E2 production specifically by blocking cyclooxygenase-2 activity and demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties.

Orsellinic acid is a common salicylic acid unit in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in actinomycetes, fungi, and lichens, formally isolated from Chaetomium cochliodes in 1959. Orsellinic acid is a key biosynthetic intermediate of many depside metabolites in lichen and fungi. Orsellinic acid is also an important polar co-metabolite present in many fungi, notably Trichomonacea, however, its contribution to overall bioactivity is not well understood. Orsellinic acid is a useful standard for bioassay and analytical techniques for dereplication of common cometabolites.

Phenylhydrazine (also known as the hydrazinobenzene) is an industrial substance suspect of carcinogenic potential for humans. Phenylhydrazine was the first hydrazine derivative characterized, reported by Emil Fischer in 1875. Phenyl-hydrazine is used to prepare indoles via the Fischer Indole Synthesis, which are intermediates in the synthesis of various dyes and pharmaceuticals. This molecule is also used to induce acute hemolytic anemia in animal models. Exposure to phenylhydrazine may cause contact dermatitis, hemolytic anemia, and liver damage.

N-(Carboxycarbonyl)glycine is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of many 2-oxoglutarate oxygenases. It is currently widely used in studies on the hypoxic response and chromatin modifications in animals.