Details
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Molecular Formula | C16H16N2O6S2 |
Molecular Weight | 396.438 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Defined Stereocenters | 2 / 2 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[H][C@]12SCC(COC(C)=O)=C(N1C(=O)[C@H]2NC(=O)CC3=CC=CS3)C(O)=O
InChI
InChIKey=XIURVHNZVLADCM-IUODEOHRSA-N
InChI=1S/C16H16N2O6S2/c1-8(19)24-6-9-7-26-15-12(14(21)18(15)13(9)16(22)23)17-11(20)5-10-3-2-4-25-10/h2-4,12,15H,5-7H2,1H3,(H,17,20)(H,22,23)/t12-,15-/m1/s1
Molecular Formula | C16H16N2O6S2 |
Molecular Weight | 396.438 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 2 / 2 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
DescriptionSources: https://gp2u.com.au/static/pdf/K/KEFLIN-PI.pdfCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including:
http://www.druginfosys.com/drug.aspx?drugcode=150 | http://cdn-1.consultaremedios.com.br/bulas/2/14787.pdf
Sources: https://gp2u.com.au/static/pdf/K/KEFLIN-PI.pdf
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including:
http://www.druginfosys.com/drug.aspx?drugcode=150 | http://cdn-1.consultaremedios.com.br/bulas/2/14787.pdf
Cephalothin is a first generation, semisynthetic analogue of natural cephalosporin antibiotic. The in-vitro bactericidal action of Cephalothin results from inhibition of cell-wall synthesis. In general, Cephalothin has higher activity against Gram positive than Gram negative organisms. Cephalothin is primarily indicated in conditions like bone and joint infection, genitourinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, soft tissue and skin infections and others. The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Cephalothin, which give rise to further complications, include nephrotoxicity, hemolytic anemia. Cephalothin produces potentially life-threatening effects, which include anaphylaxis, serum sickness syndrome. The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Cephalothin are: rashes, urticaria, allergic reactions, thrombophlebitis, pain at injection site. Co-administration of diuretics, such as furanthril, ethacrynic acid and nephrotoxic antibiotics may increase the risk of renal damage. Reciprocal inactivation could be observed during in vitro mixing of Cephalothin with aminoglycosides.
Originator
Sources: https://www.google.com/patents/US3218318
Curator's Comment: # Eli Lilly Co
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL2354204 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7447421 |
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Target ID: P15555 Gene ID: NA Gene Symbol: NA Target Organism: Streptomyces sp. (strain R61) |
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Target ID: Q9Y694 Gene ID: 10864.0 Gene Symbol: SLC22A7 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12650826 |
1.41 mM [IC50] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Curative | KEFLIN Approved UseCephalothin is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the respiratory tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections, genito-urinary tract infections, septicaemia, including endocarditis, bone and joint infections. Launch Date1.56556804E11 |
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Curative | KEFLIN Approved UseCephalothin is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the respiratory tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections, genito-urinary tract infections, septicaemia, including endocarditis, bone and joint infections. Launch Date1.56556804E11 |
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Curative | KEFLIN Approved UseCephalothin is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the respiratory tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections, genito-urinary tract infections, septicaemia, including endocarditis, bone and joint infections. Launch Date1.56556804E11 |
|||
Curative | KEFLIN Approved UseCephalothin is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the respiratory tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections, genito-urinary tract infections, septicaemia, including endocarditis, bone and joint infections. Launch Date1.56556804E11 |
|||
Curative | KEFLIN Approved UseCephalothin is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the respiratory tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections, genito-urinary tract infections, septicaemia, including endocarditis, bone and joint infections. Launch Date1.56556804E11 |
|||
Curative | KEFLIN Approved UseCephalothin is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the respiratory tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections, genito-urinary tract infections, septicaemia, including endocarditis, bone and joint infections. Launch Date1.56556804E11 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
20.8 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15830475/ |
3 g single, intravenous dose: 3 g route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CEPHALOTHIN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
25.2 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15830475/ |
3 g single, intravenous dose: 3 g route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CEPHALOTHIN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
28 min EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15830475/ |
3 g single, intravenous dose: 3 g route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CEPHALOTHIN plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
2 g 3 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 2 g, 3 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 2 g, 3 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18 - 91 years n = 159 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: infections Age Group: 18 - 91 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 159 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Death, Urinary tract yeast infection... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Death (grade 5, 13 patients) Sources: Urinary tract yeast infection (1 patient) |
1 g single, intramuscular Recommended |
healthy, 23 - 28 years n = 7 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 23 - 28 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 7 Sources: |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Urinary tract yeast infection | 1 patient Disc. AE |
2 g 3 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 2 g, 3 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 2 g, 3 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18 - 91 years n = 159 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: infections Age Group: 18 - 91 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 159 Sources: |
Death | grade 5, 13 patients Disc. AE |
2 g 3 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 2 g, 3 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 2 g, 3 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, 18 - 91 years n = 159 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: infections Age Group: 18 - 91 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 159 Sources: |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Significant reduction in the incidence of phlebitis with buffered versus unbuffered cephalothin. | 1976 Apr |
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Epitope analysis of aztreonam by antiaztreonam monoclonal antibodies and possible consequences in beta-lactams hypersensitivity. | 1992 |
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Microbiological aspects of an urban river used for unrestricted irrigation in the semi-arid region of north-east Brazil. | 2003 |
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A detailed kinetic study of Mox-1, a plasmid-encoded class C beta-lactamase. | 2003 Aug 29 |
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Antibiotics induce apoptosis of human peritoneal mesothelial cells. | 2003 Jun |
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Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacilli isolated from infant formulas. | 2003 Nov 21 |
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Molecular evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility of Tropheryma whipplei in axenic medium. | 2005 Feb |
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Identification of antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integrons in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli recovered from humans and food animals. | 2005 Jul |
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[Taxonomical study of bacteria from genera Alteromonas and Pseudoalteromonas isolated from Black Sea water and invertebrates]. | 2005 Jul-Aug |
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[Prevalence of Listeria spp. in dairy farm and evaluation of antibiotic-resistance of isolates]. | 2005 May-Jun |
|
In-vitro antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of cobalt (ii), copper (ii), nickel (ii) and zinc (ii) complexes of the antibiotic drug cephalothin (Keflin). | 2005 Oct |
|
Molecular characterisation and mechanisms of resistance of multidrug-resistant human Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolated in Amiens (France). | 2005 Sep |
|
Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from bovine mastitis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. | 2005 Sep |
|
Flare up to betalactams. | 2005 Sep-Oct |
|
Occurrence and characterization of Aeromonas spp. in mussels from the Adriatic Sea. | 2006 Aug |
|
Conjunctival bacterial flora and antibiotic resistance pattern in patients undergoing cataract surgery. | 2006 Jan-Feb |
|
Integron presence in a multiresistant Morganella morganii isolate. | 2006 Jun |
|
In vivo selection of OmpK35-deficient mutant after cefuroxime therapy for primary liver abscess caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. | 2006 Oct |
|
[Nonpuerperal breast abscess caused by Finegoldia magna]. | 2007 Apr-Jun |
|
Bacteriological findings in patients with ocular infection and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolated pathogens. | 2007 Aug |
|
Antibiotic and heavy metal resistance in motile aeromonads and pseudomonads from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms in Australia. | 2007 Aug |
|
Helicobacter equorum sp. nov., a urease-negative Helicobacter species isolated from horse faeces. | 2007 Feb |
|
[Short communication: comparison of susceptibilities of Escherichia coli urinary tract isolates against fosfomycin tromethamine and different antibiotics]. | 2007 Jan |
|
Serratia marcescens infection in a swallow-tailed hummingbird. | 2007 Jan |
|
Inadequate antimicrobial prophylaxis during surgery: a study of beta-lactam levels during burn debridement. | 2007 Jul |
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Characterization of antimicrobial resistance patterns and class 1 integrons in Escherichia coli O26 isolated from humans and animals. | 2007 Mar |
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Molecular characterization of the gene encoding a new AmpC beta-lactamase in Acinetobacter baylyi. | 2007 May |
|
[Serratia rubidaea bacteremia]. | 2007 May |
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Campylobacter canadensis sp. nov., from captive whooping cranes in Canada. | 2007 Nov |
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A Case of Helicobacter cinaedi Bacteraemia in a Previously Healthy Person with Cellulitis. | 2008 |
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A reservoir of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria in asymptomatic hosts. | 2008 |
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[Study on Acinetobacter baumannii plasmid with 3 types of beta-lactamase genes in a burn ward]. | 2008 Apr |
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Structure-function studies of arginine at position 276 in CTX-M beta-lactamases. | 2008 Apr |
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Antibiotic resistance of commensal Escherichia coli of food-producing animals from three Vojvodinian farms, Serbia. | 2008 Apr |
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Assay for integrons and pattern of antibiotic resistance in clinical Escherichia coli strains by PCR-RFLP in Southern Iran. | 2008 Jan |
|
[Antimicrobial resistance of uropathogens among outpatients, 2000-2004]. | 2008 May-Jun |
|
[Distribution and drug resistance of the isolated bacteria from children with acute respiratory infection]. | 2008 Oct |
|
Determination of cephalosporins in solid binary mixtures by polarized IR- and Raman spectroscopy. | 2008 Sep 10 |
|
Frequency of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in children with diarrhoea in Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran. | 2008 Sep-Oct |
|
The photosynthetic apparatus and its regulation in the aerobic gammaproteobacterium Congregibacter litoralis gen. nov., sp. nov. | 2009 |
|
Effect of iron-chelator deferiprone on the in vitro growth of staphylococci. | 2009 Apr |
|
Protective effect of topical antibiotics in breast augmentation. | 2009 Aug |
|
Development and validation of an immunochromatographic assay for rapid multi-residues detection of cephems in milk. | 2009 Feb 16 |
|
Isolation of bacteria from remote high altitude Andean lakes able to grow in the presence of antibiotics. | 2009 Jan |
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[Are antimicrobials useful in closed thoracostomy due to trauma?]. | 2009 Jan-Feb |
|
Rapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance in the emerging zoonotic pathogen Streptococcus suis. | 2009 Jul 15 |
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Effects of mosapride on motility of the small intestine and caecum in normal horses after jejunocaecostomy. | 2009 Jun |
|
[Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolates obtained from raw cheese samples acquired from different Costa Rican producer zones]. | 2009 Mar |
|
CTX-M beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli from community-acquired urinary tract infections, Cambodia. | 2009 May |
|
Antibacterial effects of Iranian fennel essential oil on isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. | 2009 May 1 |
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Sources: https://gp2u.com.au/static/pdf/K/KEFLIN-PI.pdf
The usual dosage range is 500 mg to 1 g of cefalotin every four to six hours. In severe infections, this may be increased by giving the injections every four hours or, when the desired response is not obtained, by raising the dose to 1 g. In lifethreatening infections, in patients with normal renal function, doses up to 2 g every four hours may be required.
Route of Administration:
Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7571387
Cephalothin was very effective in vitro against staphylococcal
isolates, with an MIC90 of 0.12 ug/mL. The cephalothin MIC90 for E.coli was 64 ug/mL.
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
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Edited
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by
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Record UNII |
R72LW146E6
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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3024
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT | |||
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BINDING
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