Lithium orotate consists of lithium, an alkali metal, and orotic acid, a compound produced naturally in the body. Lithium orotate is marketed as a dietary supplement. It has a “GRAS” status. The chronic administration of lithium helps to support healthy mood by modulating NMDA receptors in the brain. Lithium also alters sodium transport and interferes with other ion exchange mechanisms, altering nerve conduction. Lithium can replace sodium in extracellular fluid. Recommended applications are: supports balanced mood; modulates polarization of cell membranes; ameliorates headaches; reduces alcohol cravings; supports healthy brain aging. Typical side effects are muscle weakness, apathy, loss of appetite (from all of one human trial).