Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C17H23N3O |
Molecular Weight | 285.3847 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CN(C)CCN(Cc1ccc(cc1)OC)c2ccccn2
InChI
InChIKey=YECBIJXISLIIDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C17H23N3O/c1-19(2)12-13-20(17-6-4-5-11-18-17)14-15-7-9-16(21-3)10-8-15/h4-11H,12-14H2,1-3H3
Molecular Formula | C17H23N3O |
Molecular Weight | 285.3847 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Pyrilamine (also known as Mepyramine) is a first generation antihistamine, targeting the H1 receptor. However, it rapidly permeates the brain and so often causes drowsiness as a side effect. It is used in over-the-counter combination products for colds and menstrual symptoms. Mepyramine is a histamine H1 receptor inverse agonist. It binds to a G protein-coupled form of the receptor and promotes a G protein-coupled inactive state of the H1 receptor that interferes with the Gq/11-mediated signaling. Mepyramine competes with histamine for binding at H1-receptor sites on the effector cell surface, resulting in suppression of histaminic edema, flare, and pruritus. The sedative properties of Mepyramine occur at the subcortical level of the CNS. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL231 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22918191 |
0.8 nM [Ki] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Phenylephrine/ pyrilamine Approved UseUses
Temporarily relieves
nasal congestion due to hay fever (allergic rhinitis)
runny nose
sneezing, itching of nose or throat and itchy, watery eyes due to hay fever
or upper respiratory allergies Launch Date4.04697612E11 |
|||
Primary | Phenylephrine/ pyrilamine Approved UseUses
Temporarily relieves
nasal congestion due to hay fever (allergic rhinitis)
runny nose
sneezing, itching of nose or throat and itchy, watery eyes due to hay fever
or upper respiratory allergies Launch Date4.04697612E11 |
|||
Primary | MIDOL PMS Approved UseUses: For the temporary relief of these symptoms associated with menstrual periods:
bloating
water-weight gain
cramps
breast tenderness
headache
backache Launch Date4.04697612E11 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
36.6 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19161458/ |
300 mg single, intravenous dose: 300 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
PYRILAMINE plasma | Equus caballus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
54.6 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19161458/ |
300 mg single, intravenous dose: 300 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
PYRILAMINE plasma | Equus caballus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
0.85 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19161458/ |
300 mg single, intravenous dose: 300 mg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
PYRILAMINE plasma | Equus caballus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
50 mg single, oral |
healthy, 32-38 years n = 3 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 32-38 years Sex: M Population Size: 3 Sources: |
|
0.3 % 1 times / day steady, ophthalmic Recommended Dose: 0.3 %, 1 times / day Route: ophthalmic Route: steady Dose: 0.3 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Condition: Allergic conjunctivitis Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Sources: |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
yes [IC50 0.034 uM] |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
yes |
Tox targets
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16278312/ Page: 3.0 |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
Role of L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway in the antinociceptive activities of morphine and mepyramine in mice. | 2001 |
|
Effect of clobenpropit on regional cerebral blood flow in rat hippocampus. | 2001 Apr |
|
Dose-dependent inhibition of the CYP2D6 catalyzed oxidation of sparteine by mepyramine in healthy volunteers. | 2001 Dec |
|
Mechanism underlying histamine-induced intracellular Ca2+ movement in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. | 2001 Dec |
|
Enhancement by histamine of vascular endothelial growth factor production in granulation tissue via H(2) receptors. | 2001 Dec |
|
Effect of H1-antagonists on spatial memory deficit evaluated by 8-arm radial maze in rats. | 2001 Jul |
|
Effects of histamine on phosphoinositide metabolism in chick cerebral cortex. | 2001 Jul-Aug |
|
Histamine H1 receptor activation stimulates mitogenesis in human astrocytoma U373 MG cells. | 2001 Nov |
|
The kinetics, function, and regulation of P-selectin expressed by human brain microvessel endothelial cells in primary culture. | 2001 Nov |
|
Preclinical comparison of ebastine and other second generation H1-antihistamines. | 2001 Oct |
|
Regulation of IL-13 production by histamine in cloned murine T helper type 2 cells. | 2001 Oct |
|
Histamine H(3)-receptor antagonism improves memory retention and reverses the cognitive deficit induced by scopolamine in a two-trial place recognition task. | 2001 Oct 15 |
|
Pharmacological characterization of cyclosporine A-induced kaolin intake in rats. | 2001 Oct-Nov |
|
Antiallergic anti-inflammatory effects of H1-antihistamines in humans. | 2002 |
|
Histochemical and biochemical studies on the secretory mechanisms of some glands of guinea-pigs treated with histamine. | 2002 |
|
Topically applied aspirin decreases histamine-induced wheal and flare reactions in normal and SLS-inflamed skin, but does not decrease itch. A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled human study. | 2002 |
|
Characterisation of the calcium responses to histamine in capsaicin-sensitive and capsaicin-insensitive sensory neurones. | 2002 |
|
Impact of soil movement on carbon sequestration in agricultural ecosystems. | 2002 |
|
The initial inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate response induced by histamine is strongly amplified by Ca(2+) release from internal stores in smooth muscle. | 2002 Apr |
|
Elevated nasal mucosal G protein levels and histamine receptor affinity in a guinea pig model of nasal hyperresponsiveness. | 2002 Apr |
|
Mouse mammary epithelial cells bear histamine receptors. | 2002 Apr |
|
Contractile response of horse deep dorsal penile vein to histamine. | 2002 Apr |
|
Stimulation of protein kinase B and p70 S6 kinase by the histamine H1 receptor in DDT1MF-2 smooth muscle cells. | 2002 Apr |
|
Effects of histidine, a precursor of histamine, on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats. | 2002 Apr |
|
Neuropharmacological profile of a novel potential atypical antipsychotic drug Y-931 (8-fluoro-12-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 6H-[1]benzothieno[2,3-b][1,5] benzodiazepine maleate). | 2002 Apr |
|
GBR compounds and mepyramines as cocaine abuse therapeutics: chemometric studies on selectivity using grid independent descriptors (GRIND). | 2002 Apr 11 |
|
The control effect of histamine on body temperature and respiratory function in IgE-dependent systemic anaphylaxis. | 2002 Aug |
|
Effects of histamine on the contractile and electrical activity in isolated lymphatic vessels of the guinea-pig mesentery. | 2002 Aug |
|
Yawning/cortical activation induced by microinjection of histamine into the paraventricular nucleus of the rat. | 2002 Aug 21 |
|
Biochemical characterization of desloratadine, a potent antagonist of the human histamine H(1) receptor. | 2002 Aug 9 |
|
Urothelium derived inhibitory factor and cross-talk among receptors in the trigone of the bladder of the pig. | 2002 Feb |
|
Orexins activate histaminergic neurons via the orexin 2 receptor. | 2002 Feb 1 |
|
Effects of brain histamine on memory deficit induced by nucleus basalis-lesion in rats. | 2002 Jan |
|
L-Carnitine transport in mouse renal and intestinal brush-border and basolateral membrane vesicles. | 2002 Jan 2 |
|
Mouse light/dark box test reveals anxiogenic-like effects by activation of histamine H1 receptors. | 2002 Jan-Feb |
|
A novel phenylaminotetralin radioligand reveals a subpopulation of histamine H(1) receptors. | 2002 Jul |
|
Antinociceptive and smooth muscle contracting activities of the methanolic extract of Cassia tora leaf. | 2002 Jul |
|
The antianaphylactic effects of Crinum glaucum aqueous extract. | 2002 Jul |
|
Suppression of spontaneous scratching in hairless rats by sedatives but not by antipruritics. | 2002 Jul-Aug |
|
Modulation of the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine and methamphetamine by the histaminergic system. | 2002 Jun |
|
Histamine H(2) -like receptors in chick cerebral cortex: effects on cyclic AMP synthesis and characterization by [(3) H]tiotidine binding. | 2002 Jun |
|
Predicting the risk of Lyme disease: habitat suitability for Ixodes scapularis in the north central United States. | 2002 Mar |
|
The recovery of the neurally evoked secretory response of rat colonic mucosa after irradiation is independent of mast cells. | 2002 Mar |
|
Histamine excites GABAergic cells in the rat substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area in vitro. | 2002 Mar 8 |
|
LPS-induced platelet response and rapid shock in mice: contribution of O-antigen region of LPS and involvement of the lectin pathway of the complement system. | 2002 Nov 1 |
|
Investigation on the influx transport mechanism of pentazocine at the blood-brain barrier in rats using the carotid injection technique. | 2002 Oct |
|
Histamine h(4) and h(2) receptors control histamine-induced interleukin-16 release from human CD8(+) T cells. | 2002 Oct |
|
Ligands for histamine H(3) receptors modulate cell proliferation and migration in rat oxyntic mucosa. | 2002 Sep |
|
Tryptase activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase/activator protein-1 pathway in human peripheral blood eosinophils, causing cytokine production and release. | 2002 Sep 1 |
|
Mediators of adenosine- and ovalbumen-induced bronchoconstriction of sensitized guinea-pig isolated airways. | 2002 Sep 6 |
Sample Use Guides
Usual Adult Dose for Allergic Rhinitis
phenylephrine-pyrilamine 25 mg-60 mg oral tablet:
1 or 2 tablets orally every 12 hours as needed.
phenylephrine-pyrilamine 20 mg-16 mg oral tablet, chewable, extended release:
1 or 2 tablets orally every 12 hours as needed.
phenylephrine-pyrilamine 5 mg-16 mg/5 mL oral suspension, extended release:
5 to 10 mL orally every 12 hours as needed.
phenylephrine-pyrilamine 9 mg-12 mg/5 mL oral suspension, extended release:
5 to 10 mL orally every 12 hours as needed, not to exceed 20 mL in 24 hours.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16627364
Pretreatment with the histamine H1 receptor antagonist pyrilamine (1 uM) could reduce the beta-lactoglobulin-induced response in the in vitro guinea pig mesenteric preparation
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Fri Jun 25 23:38:10 UTC 2021
by
admin
on
Fri Jun 25 23:38:10 UTC 2021
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Record UNII |
HPE317O9TL
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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WHO-ATC |
D04AA02
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WHO-ATC |
R06AC01
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WHO-VATC |
QD04AA02
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WHO-VATC |
QR06AC01
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C29578
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M9367
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CHEMBL511
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D011738
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SUB08762MIG
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9009
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5187
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202-102-2
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Pyrilamine
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C76676
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HPE317O9TL
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DB06691
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MEPYRAMINE
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT | |||
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT | |||
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TRANSPORTER -> INHIBITOR | |||
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT | |||
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT | |||
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TARGET -> INHIBITOR | |||
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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ACTIVE MOIETY |