Hydrogen peroxide

US Approved OTC

First marketed in 1921

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	H2O2
Molecular Weight	34.0147
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

OO

InChI

InChIKey=MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/H2O2/c1-2/h1-2H

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	H2O2
Molecular Weight	34.0147
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/209305s000lbl.pdf | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29147868 | https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-76035/hydrogen-peroxide/details | https://www.drugs.com/otc/hydrogen-peroxide.html

Hydrogen peroxide has been used in medicine for more than 100 years. It is known in surgery as a highly useful irrigation solution by virtue of both its hemostatic and its antimicrobial effects. Hydrogen peroxide is a mild antiseptic used on the skin to prevent infection of minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. It may also be used as a mouth rinse to help remove mucus or to relieve minor mouth irritation (e.g., due to canker/cold sores, gingivitis). This product works by releasing oxygen when it is applied to the affected area. The release of oxygen causes foaming, which helps to remove dead skin and clean the area. Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
oxidoreductase activity 4 Target ID: GO:0016491 Sources: http://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800039206	Modulator 828
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2 7 Target ID: O94759 Gene ID: 7226.0 Gene Symbol: TRPM2 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14512294 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11960981 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15302683	Agonist 2678		4.54 null [pEC50]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Seborrheic keratoses 4 Sources: https://www.centerwatch.com/drug-information/fda-approved-drugs/drug/100242/eskata-hydrogen-peroxide http://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800039206	Primary	Approved 8429	ESKATA Approved Use ESKATA is indicated for the treatment of seborrheic keratoses that are raised. Launch Date 2017
Skin infections 59 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/cdi/hydrogen-peroxide-solution.html https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-76035/hydrogen-peroxide/details	Preventing	Approved 8429	Hydrogen Peroxide Solution Approved Use Uses of Hydrogen Peroxide Solution: It is used to prevent skin infections. It is used to help get rid of phlegm or mucus or help with a sore mouth.
Gingivitis 44 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/cdi/hydrogen-peroxide-solution.html https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-76035/hydrogen-peroxide/details	Primary	Approved 8429	Hydrogen Peroxide Solution Approved Use Hydrogen peroxide is a mild antiseptic used on the skin to prevent infection of minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. It may also be used as a mouth rinse to help remove mucus or to relieve minor mouth irritation (e.g., due to canker/cold sores, gingivitis). Launch Date 1982

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Rotenone and pyruvate prevent the tert-butylhydroperoxide-induced necrosis of U937 cells and allow them to proliferate.	1999 Aug 20	10486581
Resveratrol prevents apoptosis in K562 cells by inhibiting lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase activity.	1999 Oct 1	10491155
Cadmium induces conformational modifications of wild-type p53 and suppresses p53 response to DNA damage in cultured cells.	1999 Oct 29	10531375
Stable overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase in mitochondria identifies hydrogen peroxide as a major oxidant in the AP-1-mediated induction of matrix-degrading metalloprotease-1.	1999 Sep 3	10464329
Activation of JNK, p38 and ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases by chromium(VI) is mediated through oxidative stress but does not affect cytotoxicity.	2000 Aug	10910949
Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression by hydrogen peroxide.	2000 Feb 18	10679488
Hydrogen peroxide: a link between acetaldehyde-elicited alpha1(I) collagen gene up-regulation and oxidative stress in mouse hepatic stellate cells.	2000 Jan	10613735
Cynandione A from Cynanchum wilfordii protects cultured cortical neurons from toxicity induced by H2O2, L-glutamate, and kainate.	2000 Jan 15	10650884
Oxidative stress interferes with cancer chemotherapy: inhibition of lymphoma cell apoptosis and phagocytosis.	2000 Jul 1	10891466
Essential role of selenium in the catalytic activities of mammalian thioredoxin reductase revealed by characterization of recombinant enzymes with selenocysteine mutations.	2000 Jun 16	10849437
Class A scavenger receptor up-regulation in smooth muscle cells by oxidized low density lipoprotein. Enhancement by calcium flux and concurrent cyclooxygenase-2 up-regulation.	2000 Jun 9	10837497
Effects of hydrogen peroxide scavenger Catalase on villous microcirculation in the rat small intestine in a model of inflammatory bowel disease.	2000 May	10792963
Redox state dependency of HERGS631C channel pharmacology: relation to C-type inactivation.	2000 May 26	10828461
Vanadate induces p53 transactivation through hydrogen peroxide and causes apoptosis.	2000 Oct 20	10922372
Manganese superoxide dismutase signals matrix metalloproteinase expression via H2O2-dependent ERK1/2 activation.	2001 Apr 27	11297530
Reactive carbonyl formation by oxidative and non-oxidative pathways.	2001 Aug 1	11487471
NF kappa B and AP-1 mediate transcriptional responses to oxidative stress in skeletal muscle cells.	2001 Dec 1	11728812
Induction of the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) by amino acid deprivation requires insulin-like growth factor I, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling.	2001 Jan	11145585
Cytokine mRNA profiles in cultured human skin component cells exposed to various chemicals: a simulation model of epicutaneous stimuli induced by skin barrier perturbation in comparison with that due to exposure to haptens or irritant.	2001 Jun	11378323
Paraoxonase-2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein with antioxidant properties and is capable of preventing cell-mediated oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein.	2001 Nov 30	11579088
Acetaminophen induces apoptosis of C6 glioma cells by activating the c-Jun NH(2)-terminal protein kinase-related cell death pathway.	2001 Oct	11562448
An in vitro model of Parkinson's disease: linking mitochondrial impairment to altered alpha-synuclein metabolism and oxidative damage.	2002 Aug 15	12177198
Overexpression of copper zinc superoxide dismutase suppresses human glioma cell growth.	2002 Feb 15	11861405
Overexpression of human metallothionein-III prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts.	2002 Jun 19	12067712
Expression of rat liver glutathione-S-transferase GSTA5 in cell lines provides increased resistance to alkylating agents and toxic aldehydes.	2002 May 20	12076520
Differential expression of two stress-inducible hsp70 genes by various stressors.	2002 May 31	12085988
Mechanisms of the genotoxicity of crocidolite asbestos in mammalian cells: implication from mutation patterns induced by reactive oxygen species.	2002 Oct	12361925
Reactive oxygen species stimulated human hepatoma cell proliferation via cross-talk between PI3-K/PKB and JNK signaling pathways.	2002 Oct 15	12361705
Metalloenzyme-like activity of Alzheimer's disease beta-amyloid. Cu-dependent catalytic conversion of dopamine, cholesterol, and biological reducing agents to neurotoxic H(2)O(2).	2002 Oct 25	12192006
Is calcineurin a peroxide-specific sensor in T-lymphocytes?	2002 Sep	12203019
Molecular inhibitory mechanisms of antioxidant enzymes in rat liver and kidney by cadmium.	2002 Sep 30	12204541

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Topical solution: 40% (w/w) hydrogen peroxide. Apply 4 times, approximately 1 minute apart, to the targeted lesion(s) during a single in-office treatment session.

Route of Administration: Topical

In Vitro Use Guide

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 100-500 uM) caused a concentration-dependent decrease in the activity of recombinant mouse 3-MST enzyme. In mitochondria isolated from murine hepatoma cells, H2O2 (50-500 uM) caused a concentration-dependent decrease in production of H2S from 3-MP. In cultured murine hepatoma cells H2O2, (3-100 uM), did not result in overall cytotoxicity, but caused a partial decrease in basal oxygen consumption and respiratory reserve rapacity. The positive bioenergetic effect of 3-MP (100-300 nM) was completely abolished by pre-treatment of the cells with H2O2 (50 uM).

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 16:29:28 GMT 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 16:29:28 GMT 2023`
Record UNII	BBX060AN9V
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

Download

Name

Type

Language

Hydrogen peroxide

Official Name

English

HYROGEN PEROXIDE

Common Name

English

OXYDOL

Brand Name

English

NSC-19892

Code

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [FCC]

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [MI]

Common Name

English

ESKATA

Brand Name

English

OXYDOL [JAN]

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [GREEN BOOK]

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SOLUTION

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [HSDB]

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [IARC]

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [II]

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [MART.]

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

Hydrogen peroxide [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [INCI]

Common Name

English

A-101

Code

English

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE [USP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

Food Contact Sustance Notif, (FCN No.)

FCN NO. 140