U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS
This repository is under review for potential modification in compliance with Administration directives.

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C19H17ClN2O3
Molecular Weight 356.803
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of LAQUINIMOD

SMILES

CCN(C(=O)C1=C(O)C2=C(C=CC=C2Cl)N(C)C1=O)C3=CC=CC=C3

InChI

InChIKey=GKWPCEFFIHSJOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C19H17ClN2O3/c1-3-22(12-8-5-4-6-9-12)19(25)16-17(23)15-13(20)10-7-11-14(15)21(2)18(16)24/h4-11,23H,3H2,1-2H3

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Molecular Formula C19H17ClN2O3
Molecular Weight 356.803
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27089834 | https://www.vidal.ru/drugs/nerventra__40726

Laquinimod is a new orally available carboxamide derivative, which is currently developed for relapsing remitting (RR) and chronic progressive (CP) forms of multiple sclerosis (MS; RRMS or CPMS) as well as neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanism of action of laquinimod is not fully elucidated because the molecular target is not known. Treatment with laquinimod led to a significant and persistent increase in brain-derived neuroprotective factor (BDNF) serum levels compared to placebo treatment. In human studies, a decrease of pro-inflammatory and an increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines have been measured. After commercial launch the unexpected severe cardiac adverse events (AEs) such as serositis, pericarditis, and myocardial infarction were detected.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Unknown
149124
Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Substrate
661
Inhibitor
8504
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Approved
8583
Nerventra

Approved Use

http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Public_assessment_report/human/002546/WC500171788.pdf

Launch Date

2013
Primary
Phase II
1147
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Primary
Phase II
1147
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Lupus nephritis
7
Sources: DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.528
 Primary
Phase II
1147
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Primary
Phase II
1147
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
1826.2 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
2.7 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 2.7 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: UNKNOWN
380.4 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29786964/
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
749.1 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29786964/
1.2 mg single, oral
dose: 1.2 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
107 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
99.5 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: KETOCONAZOLE
KETOCONAZOLE
 LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
115 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
123.1 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: RIFAMPIN
RIFAMPIN
 LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
376 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/article/8/Supplement_1/S226/369200?login=true
0.5 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 0.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status:
885 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/article/8/Supplement_1/S226/369200?login=true
1.5 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 1.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
1447 ng/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/article/8/Supplement_1/S226/369200?login=true
2 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 2 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
35275 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
2.7 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 2.7 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: UNKNOWN
7559 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29786964/
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
14872 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29786964/
1.2 mg single, oral
dose: 1.2 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
7140.6 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
21694 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: KETOCONAZOLE
KETOCONAZOLE
 LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
7368.1 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
1497.9 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: RIFAMPIN
RIFAMPIN
 LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
6996 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/article/8/Supplement_1/S226/369200?login=true
0.5 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 0.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status:
17552 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/article/8/Supplement_1/S226/369200?login=true
1.5 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 1.5 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
28883 ng × h/mL
EXPERIMENT
https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/article/8/Supplement_1/S226/369200?login=true
2 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 2 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
90 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29786964/
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
90 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29786964/
1.2 mg single, oral
dose: 1.2 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
75.3 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
209 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: KETOCONAZOLE
KETOCONAZOLE
 LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
71.8 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
11.2 h
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32237115/
0.6 mg single, oral
dose: 0.6 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered: RIFAMPIN
RIFAMPIN
 LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FASTED
Funbound

Funbound

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
2%
EXPERIMENT
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29786964/
LAQUINIMOD plasma
Homo sapiens
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
2.7 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
Disc. AE: Vomiting, Nausea...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Vomiting (8.3%)
Nausea (8.3%)
Tension headache (8.3%)
CRP increased (8.3%)
Blood fibrinogen increased (8.3%)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Disc. AE: Abdominal pain upper, ALT increased...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Abdominal pain upper (0.8%)
ALT increased (0.7%)
Abdominal pain (0.7%)
Transaminases increased (0.5%)
Headache (0.5%)
Diarrhea (0.4%)
GGT increased (0.3%)
Asthenia (0.2%)
Nausea (0.2%)
Cough (0.2%)
Pyrexia (0.2%)
Liver function test abnorma (0.2%)
Decreased appetite (0.2%)
Dizziness (0.2%)
Depression (0.2%)
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Blood fibrinogen increased 8.3%
Disc. AE
2.7 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
CRP increased 8.3%
Disc. AE
2.7 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
Nausea 8.3%
Disc. AE
2.7 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
Tension headache 8.3%
Disc. AE
2.7 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
Vomiting 8.3%
Disc. AE
2.7 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Highest studied dose
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 2.7 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28859672/
Asthenia 0.2%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Cough 0.2%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Decreased appetite 0.2%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Depression 0.2%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Dizziness 0.2%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Liver function test abnorma 0.2%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Nausea 0.2%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Pyrexia 0.2%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
GGT increased 0.3%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Diarrhea 0.4%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Headache 0.5%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Transaminases increased 0.5%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
ALT increased 0.7%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Abdominal pain 0.7%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
Abdominal pain upper 0.8%
Disc. AE
0.6 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral
Studied dose
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 0.6 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
unhealthy, ADULT
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: ADULT
Sex: M+F
Food Status: UNKNOWN
Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28243182/
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Laquinimod (ABR-215062) suppresses the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, modulates the Th1/Th2 balance and induces the Th3 cytokine TGF-beta in Lewis rats.
2004 Nov
[Future possibilities of the multiple sclerosis treatment].
2005
Gateways to clinical trials.
2005 Jun
Cytochrome P450 3A4 is the major enzyme responsible for the metabolism of laquinimod, a novel immunomodulator.
2005 Jun
Treatment with laquinimod reduces development of active MRI lesions in relapsing MS.
2005 Mar 22
Determination of the immunomodulator laquinimod in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry; development, validation and application of two methods in clinical pharmacokinetic profiling.
2006
Inhibition of the development of chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by laquinimod (ABR-215062) in IFN-beta k.o. and wild type mice.
2006 Apr
Synthesis and reactivity of laquinimod, a quinoline-3-carboxamide: intramolecular transfer of the enol proton to a nitrogen atom as a plausible mechanism for ketene formation.
2006 Feb 17
Oral disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis: the story so far.
2007
Novel oral agents for multiple sclerosis.
2007 May
Disease-modifying agents for multiple sclerosis: recent advances and future prospects.
2008
Oral laquinimod for treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
2008 Aug
Effect of laquinimod on MRI-monitored disease activity in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIb study.
2008 Jun 21
Laquinimod, a new oral drug for multiple sclerosis.
2008 Jun 21
Evaluation of the effects of a new drug candidate (GEMSP) in a chronic EAE model.
2008 May 22
Identification and development of new therapeutics for multiple sclerosis.
2008 Nov
Emerging oral drugs for multiple sclerosis.
2008 Sep
Kynurenine pathway metabolites in humans: disease and healthy States.
2009
Review of teriflunomide and its potential in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
2009
Identification of human S100A9 as a novel target for treatment of autoimmune disease via binding to quinoline-3-carboxamides.
2009 Apr 28
Recent developments in multiple sclerosis therapeutics.
2009 Dec 7
Oral laquinimod therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis.
2009 Jul
Recent advances in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Emphasis on kynurenine pathway inhibitors.
2009 Mar
New oral disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis.
2009 May 8
Promising treatments of tomorrow for multiple sclerosis.
2009 Oct
New oral drugs for multiple sclerosis.
2009 Oct
The future of multiple sclerosis therapy.
2009 Oct
Emerging therapies for treatment of multiple sclerosis.
2010
Multiple sclerosis therapies: molecular mechanisms and future.
2010
Multiple sclerosis: a supplement on the disease state, current therapies, and investigational treatments.
2010 Apr
Risks vs benefits of glatiramer acetate: a changing perspective as new therapies emerge for multiple sclerosis.
2010 Apr 15
Laquinimod suppress antigen presentation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: in-vitro high-throughput gene expression study.
2010 Apr 15
A novel probiotic mixture exerts a therapeutic effect on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mediated by IL-10 producing regulatory T cells.
2010 Feb 2
Optimizing the benefit of multiple sclerosis therapy: the importance of treatment adherence.
2010 Feb 4
Emerging multiple sclerosis oral therapies.
2010 Jan 5
Identification of targets and new developments in the treatment of multiple sclerosis--focus on cladribine.
2010 Jul 21
New drug therapies for multiple sclerosis.
2010 Jun
Laquinimod, a new oral autoimmune modulator for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
2010 May
Oral laquinimod in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: 36-week double-blind active extension of the multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group placebo-controlled study.
2010 Nov
New approaches in the management of multiple sclerosis.
2010 Nov 24
Current and future role of interferon beta in the therapy of multiple sclerosis.
2010 Oct
Laquinimod interferes with migratory capacity of T cells and reduces IL-17 levels, inflammatory demyelination and acute axonal damage in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
2010 Oct 8
Will the newer oral MS agents be welcomed by managed care organizations?
2010 Sep
Emerging oral agents for multiple sclerosis.
2010 Sep
Treatment options for multiple sclerosis: current and emerging therapies.
2010 Sep
Emerging therapies in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
2010 Sep
Emerging oral treatments in multiple sclerosis - clinical utility of cladribine tablets.
2010 Sep 7
Disease-modifying therapies in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
2010 Sep 7
Placebo-controlled trial of oral laquinimod for multiple sclerosis.
2012 Mar 15
Patents

Patents

06875869
2
07560557
2
07884208
2
08252933
2
08354428
2
08552194
2
08647646
2
08673322
2
JP2013544887A
2

Sample Use Guides

In Vitro Use Guide
Laquinimod, at concentrations of 5 to 3000 M, was incubated for 20 min with human liver microsomes. The metabolite formation exhibited, in general, single-enzyme Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Km in the range 0.09 to 1.9 mM and Vmax from 22 to 120 pmol/mg/min.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
Edited
by admin
on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
Record UNII
908SY76S4G
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
ABR-215062
Preferred Name English
LAQUINIMOD
INN   MI   WHO-DD  
INN  
Official Name English
TV-5600 FREE ACID
Code English
LAQUINIMOD [MI]
Common Name English
Laquinimod [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
ABR-215062 FREE ACID
Code English
laquinimod [INN]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
EMA ASSESSMENT REPORTS NERVENTRA (REFUSED: MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS)
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
WHO-VATC QN07XX10
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
NCI_THESAURUS C308
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
WHO-ATC N07XX10
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
MERCK INDEX
m6692
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
INN
8089
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
908SY76S4G
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID30179536
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB06685
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
LAQUINIMOD
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
248281-84-7
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
4825
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C76569
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL66092
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000092997
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
54677946
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB25236
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MESH
C476223
Created by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Wed Apr 02 09:24:20 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
ARYL HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR
TARGET -> ACTIVATOR
Structure of LAQUINIMOD SODIUM
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
CYTOCHROME P450 3A4
METABOLIC ENZYME -> SUBSTRATE
Related Record Type Details
Structure of DESMETHYL-LAQUINIMOD
METABOLITE -> PARENT
Structure of 3-QUINOLINECARBOXAMIDE, 5-CHLORO-N-ETHYL-1,2-DIHYDRO-4-HYDROXY-N-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-1-METHYL-2-OXO-
METABOLITE -> PARENT
Related Record Type Details
Structure of LAQUINIMOD
ACTIVE MOIETY
NIH
NCATS
PRIVACY ACT
ACCESSIBILITY
DISCLAIMER
HHS VULNERABILITY DISCLOSURE
For language access assistance, contact the NCATS Public Information Officer
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS),
6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda MD 20892-4874 • 301-594-8966