CARNOSINE

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C9H14N4O3
Molecular Weight	226.2328
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	1 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

NCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=CQOVPNPJLQNMDC-ZETCQYMHSA-N

InChI=1S/C9H14N4O3/c10-2-1-8(14)13-7(9(15)16)3-6-4-11-5-12-6/h4-5,7H,1-3,10H2,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)(H,15,16)/t7-/m0/s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C9H14N4O3
Molecular Weight	226.2328
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	1 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED

Description
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28672983 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28863318 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28848223

Carnosine is a dipeptide composed of the amino acids beta-histidine and l-alanine. It is widely present in muscle and brain tissues. It possesses strong and specific antioxidant properties, protects against radiation damage, and promotes wound healing. The antioxidant mechanism of carnosine is attributed to its chelating effect against metal ions, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, ROS and free radicals scavenging ability. In addition, was shown, that carnosine significantly protects against TCA-induced liver carcinogenesis in rats, through its antioxidant, antinutritive, and anti-inflammatory effects, and induction of apoptosis. It also may be a therapeutic agent against Parkinson's disease. Experiments on animal have shown the sepsis healing therapeutic potential of carnosine.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
transition-metal ion 3 Target ID: transition-metal ion Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15872311	Binding Agent 1076

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Parkinson's disease 232 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28672983	Primary	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Hepatocellular carcinoma 83 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28863318	Palliative	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Acute lung injury 20 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28848223	Primary	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Carnosine reacts with protein carbonyl groups: another possible role for the anti-ageing peptide?	2000	11707898
Effects of polaprezinc on lipid peroxidation, neutrophil accumulation, and TNF-alpha expression in rats with aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury.	2001 Apr	11330422
Dipolar coupling and ordering effects observed in magnetic resonance spectra of skeletal muscle.	2001 Apr	11320539
The natural substrate for nitric oxide synthase activity.	2001 Dec	11746209
Effect of polaprezinc on impaired healing of chronic gastric ulcers in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats--role of insulin-like growth factors (IGF)-1.	2001 Jan-Feb	11208487
Reductions in occipital cortex GABA levels in panic disorder detected with 1h-magnetic resonance spectroscopy.	2001 Jun	11386984
Effect of carnosine administration on metabolic parameters in bilharzia-infected hamsters.	2001 May	11337259
Polaprezinc attenuates the Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric mucosal leucocyte activation in Mongolian gerbils--a study using intravital videomicroscopy.	2001 May	11328267
Identification of a novel form of renal glucosuria with overexcretion of arginine, carnosine, and taurine.	2001 May	11325687
Antioxidant systems in tissues of senescence accelerated mice.	2001 Oct	11736637
Molecular mechanisms of regulation of the activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca-release channels (ryanodine receptors), muscle fatigue, and Severin's phenomenon.	2001 Oct	11736634
Efficacy of N-acetylcarnosine in the treatment of cataracts.	2002	12001824
Olfactory neuroepithelioma in a dog: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.	2002 Apr	12014590
Reaction of carnosine with aged proteins: another protective process?	2002 Apr	11976203
Detoxification of cytotoxic alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes by carnosine: characterization of conjugated adducts by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and detection by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry in rat skeletal muscle.	2002 Dec	12489081
Effect of zinc-carnosine chelate compound on muscle function in mdx mouse.	2002 Feb	12047809
[New therapeutic approaches to peptic ulcer using mucosal protective agents].	2002 Feb	11979810
Could carnosine be a naturally-occurring scavenger for acrolein and other reactive aldehydes in the brain?	2002 Jul-Aug	12009514
Role of PEPT2 in peptide/mimetic trafficking at the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier: studies in rat choroid plexus epithelial cells in primary culture.	2002 Jun	12023509
Enhanced delivery of drugs to the liver by adenovirus-mediated heterologous expression of the human oligopeptide transporter PEPT1.	2002 Jun	12023508
[Efficacy and safety of polaprezinc as a preventive drug for radiation-induced stomatitis].	2002 Mar	12043217
Effects of thermal denaturation on protein glycation.	2002 Mar 1	12002523
[Do the glutamate excitotoxicity theory and potential free radicals implication in schizophrenia aetiopathogenesis provide a new enlightenment to links between: genome, environment and biology in the determinism of that disorder?].	2002 Mar-Apr	11972141
Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of L-carnosine supplementation in children with autistic spectrum disorders.	2002 Nov	12585724
RSD931, a novel anti-tussive agent acting on airway sensory nerves.	2003 Feb	12569065
Sequence identification and characterization of human carnosinase and a closely related non-specific dipeptidase.	2003 Feb 21	12473676
Antioxidant peptides with Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activities and applications for Angiotensin converting enzyme purification.	2003 Mar 12	12617609

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

in rat liver carcinogenesis: carnosine (10mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 2 weeks. protective effect of carnosine on acute lung injury in sepsis rats: 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, were administered for 30 consecutive days

Route of Administration: Other

In Vitro Use Guide

It was studied the anti-carcinogenic effect of L-carnosine in human carcinoma cells (SNU-423). The SNU-423 cancer cells were cultured at a density of 2 × 104 cells/well in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium. After 24 h of adherence, the cells were treated with L-carnosine (0.2 and 1 mg/mL) for 48 h. L-Carnosine significantly inhibited the growth of the SNU-423 cells (p < 0.05). The relative fluorescent unit was increased in a dose-dependent manner by L-carnosine, with values of 79.43, 186.87 and 400.89 for 0.6, 0.8 and 1 mg/mL of L-carnosine, respectively (p < 0.05).

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 17:51:37 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 17:51:37 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	8HO6PVN24W
Record Status	`FAILED`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

NSC-524045

Preferred Name

English

CARNOSINE

Official Name

English

CARNOSINE [MI]

Common Name

English

.BETA.-ALANYL-L-HISTIDINE

Systematic Name

English

Carnosine [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

IGNOTINE

Common Name

English

L-CARNOSINE

Common Name

English

CARNOSINE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

LOINC

26750-0