Details
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Molecular Formula | C10H15NO.C9H10N4O4 |
| Molecular Weight | 403.4323 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
| Defined Stereocenters | 2 / 2 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CN2C3=C(N(CC(O)=O)C=N3)C(=O)N(C)C2=O
InChI
InChIKey=YSIIKGUQUONBTG-GNAZCLTHSA-N
InChI=1S/C10H15NO.C9H10N4O4/c1-8(11-2)10(12)9-6-4-3-5-7-9;1-11-7-6(8(16)12(2)9(11)17)13(4-10-7)3-5(14)15/h3-8,10-12H,1-2H3;4H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,14,15)/t8-,10-;/m0./s1
| Molecular Formula | C9H10N4O4 |
| Molecular Weight | 238.2001 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Molecular Formula | C10H15NO |
| Molecular Weight | 165.2322 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 2 / 2 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Ephedrine (l-form) is an alkaloid, which was initially purified from Ephedra plant. The extract form Ephedra has been used in China for medicinal purposes for several thousand years. Ephedrine acts as an agonist at alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors and indirectly causes the release of norepinephrine from sympathetic neurons. The drug crosses the blood brain barrier and stimulates the central nervous system. Ephedrine products are now banned in many countries, as they are a major source for the production of the addictive compound methamphetamine. FDA has approved ephedrine only for the treatment of clinically important hypotension occurring in the setting of anesthesia.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: P07550|||Q53GA6|||Q9UCZ3 Gene ID: 154.0 Gene Symbol: ADRB2 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) |
0.36 µM [EC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL2094251 |
4.95 null [pKi] | ||
Target ID: P08588 Gene ID: 153.0 Gene Symbol: ADRB1 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) |
0.5 µM [EC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL2095158 |
4.83 null [pKi] |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | AKOVAZ Approved UseAKOVAZ injection is an alpha- and beta- adrenergic agonist and a norepinephrine-releasing agent that is indicated for the treatment of clinically important hypotension occurring in the setting of anesthesia. Launch Date1.46188796E12 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
79.4 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/973934/ |
22 mg single, oral dose: 22 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
EPHEDRINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
87.4 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/973934/ |
11 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral dose: 11 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
EPHEDRINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
6.75 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/973934/ |
22 mg single, oral dose: 22 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
EPHEDRINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
6.69 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/973934/ |
11 mg 3 times / day multiple, oral dose: 11 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
EPHEDRINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Caffeine and exercise: metabolism, endurance and performance. | 2001 |
|
| Effects of two atypical neuroleptics, olanzapine and risperidone, on the function of the urinary bladder and the external urethral sphincter in anesthetized rats. | 2001 |
|
| Prevention of generalized reactions to contrast media: a consensus report and guidelines. | 2001 |
|
| Recurrent ischaemic colitis associated with pseudoephedrine use. | 2001 Apr |
|
| [Misuse of drugs in recreational sports]. | 2001 Apr |
|
| Chromatographic analysis of phenethylamine-antihistamine combinations using C8, C18 or cyano columns and micellar sodium dodecyl sulfate-pentanol mixtures. | 2001 Apr |
|
| The many faces of ecstasy. | 2001 Apr |
|
| Stimulatory effect of D-ephedrine on beta3-adrenoceptors in adipose tissue of rats. | 2001 Apr 12 |
|
| Mass spectrometric quantitation of chiral drugs by the kinetic method. | 2001 Apr 15 |
|
| Enantiomeric analysis of pharmaceutical compounds by ion/molecule reactions. | 2001 Apr 15 |
|
| Dietary supplements containing ephedra alkaloids. | 2001 Apr 5 |
|
| Dietary supplements containing ephedra alkaloids. | 2001 Apr 5 |
|
| Ondansetron versus dehydrobenzoperidol and metoclopramide for management of postoperative nausea in laparoscopic surgery patients. | 2001 Apr-Jun |
|
| Intrathecal anaesthesia for the elderly patient: the influence of the induction position on perioperative haemodynamic stability and patient comfort. | 2001 Aug |
|
| Role of the atrial natriuretic factor in obstetric spinal hypotension. | 2001 Aug |
|
| Effect of caffeine and ephedrine ingestion on anaerobic exercise performance. | 2001 Aug |
|
| Application of carboxymethyl-beta-cyclodextrin as a chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis for enantiomer separation of selected neurotransmitters. | 2001 Aug 17 |
|
| Use of nonprescription weight loss products: results from a multistate survey. | 2001 Aug 22-29 |
|
| The trouble with fat-burner pills. | 2001 Aug 27 |
|
| Comparison of effects of remifentanil and alfentanil on cardiovascular response to tracheal intubation in hypertensive patients. | 2001 Jan |
|
| The olfactory G protein G(alphaolf) possesses a lower GDP-affinity and deactivates more rapidly than G(salphashort): consequences for receptor-coupling and adenylyl cyclase activation. | 2001 Jul |
|
| A stable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis system to characterize Ma Huang products found in health foods and supplements. | 2001 Jul |
|
| New observations on the secondary chemistry of world Ephedra (Ephedraceae). | 2001 Jul |
|
| Perioperative bradycardia and asystole: relationship to vasovagal syncope and the Bezold-Jarisch reflex. | 2001 Jun |
|
| Spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean section with bupivacaine 5 mg ml(-1) in glucose 8 or 80 mg ml(-1). | 2001 Jun |
|
| Hypotension in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section: a comparison of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine and 5% hyperbaric lidocaine. | 2001 Jun |
|
| Nutritional supplements as a source for positive doping cases? | 2001 Jun |
|
| Stability indicating HPTLC method for the simultaneous determination of pseudoephedrine and cetirizine in pharmaceutical formulations. | 2001 Jun |
|
| Evaluation of pre-emptive intramuscular phenylephrine and ephedrine for reduction of spinal anaesthesia-induced hypotension during Caesarean section. | 2001 Mar |
|
| Reduced myocardial carbon-11 hydroxyephedrine retention is associated with poor prognosis in chronic heart failure. | 2001 Mar |
|
| Phenylpropanolamine and stroke: the study, the FDA ruling, the implications. | 2001 Mar |
|
| Ergogenic aids: counseling the athlete. | 2001 Mar 1 |
|
| [Generalized edema following insulin treatment of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus]. | 2001 Mar 20 |
|
| Comparative oral and topical decongestant effects of phenylpropanolamine and d-pseudoephedrine. | 2001 Mar-Apr |
|
| Direct resolution of (+/-)-ephedrine and atropine into their enantiomers by impregnated TLC. | 2001 May |
|
| Acute myocardial ischemia associated with ingestion of bupropion and pseudoephedrine in a 21-year-old man. | 2001 May |
|
| Fulminant exacerbation of autoimmune hepatitis after the use of ma huang. | 2001 May |
|
| Neuropeptide Y in obese women during treatment with adrenergic modulation drugs. | 2001 May-Jun |
|
| Over-the-counter drug use in gymnasiums: an underrecognized substance abuse problem? | 2001 May-Jun |
|
| Pharmacologic options available to treat symptomatic intradialytic hypotension. | 2001 Oct |
|
| The anesthetic management of triplet cesarean delivery: a retrospective case series of maternal outcomes. | 2001 Oct |
|
| High performance liquid chromatography with UV detection for the simultaneous determination of sympathomimetic amines using 4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole-2-yl)benzoyl chloride as a label. | 2001 Oct |
|
| Time-controlled release pseudoephedrine tablets: bioavailability and in vitro/in vivo correlations. | 2001 Sep |
|
| Phenylephrine added to prophylactic ephedrine infusion during spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section. | 2001 Sep |
|
| What constitutes an effective but safe initial dose of lidocaine to test a thoracic epidural catheter? | 2001 Sep |
|
| Treatment of erectile dysfunction with sildenafil citrate (Viagra) in parkinsonism due to Parkinson's disease or multiple system atrophy with observations on orthostatic hypotension. | 2001 Sep |
|
| Studying the neuronal side of the synaptic cleft. A tool for investigating the paradox of sympathetic nervous system and heart failure in dilated cardiomyopathy. | 2001 Sep |
|
| Kinetic spectrophotometric methods for the quantitation of triprolidine in bulk and in drug formulations. | 2001 Sep |
|
| Simultaneous quantitation of ephedrines in urine by gas chromatography-nitrogen-phosphorus detection for doping control purposes. | 2001 Sep 5 |
|
| New imaging techniques for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy: a window on the heart. | 2001 Spring |
Sample Use Guides
The recommended dosages for the treatment of clinically important hypotension in the setting of
anesthesia is an initial dose of 5 to 10 mg administered by intravenous bolus. Administer additional boluses as needed, not to exceed a total dosage of 50 mg.
Route of Administration:
Intravenous
Segments of guinea-pig ileum were treated with 10(-6)-10(-3) M ephedrine. Ephedrine inhibited the ileal responses to transmural stimulation in the terminal and the proximal ileum with EC50 values of 57.2 and 85.5 uM, respectively. In the proximal part of the ileum, more than 70% of preparations were relaxed by ephedrine.
| Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023
by
admin
on
Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023
|
| Record UNII |
69LH6U1N27
|
| Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
|
| Record Version |
|
-
Download
| Name | Type | Language | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Systematic Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English | ||
|
Common Name | English |
| Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
69LH6U1N27
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
71289
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
100000078945
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
DTXSID00952151
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
SUB13684MIG
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY | |||
|
29701-08-4
Created by
admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 08:07:03 UTC 2023
|
PRIMARY |
| Related Record | Type | Details | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE |
| Related Record | Type | Details | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
ACTIVE MOIETY |