Details
Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
Molecular Formula | C20H17FO3S |
Molecular Weight | 356.411 |
Optical Activity | ( + / - ) |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 1 |
E/Z Centers | 1 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
C[S+]([O-])C1=CC=C(\C=C2/C(C)=C(CC(O)=O)C3=C2C=CC(F)=C3)C=C1
InChI
InChIKey=MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-RQZCQDPDSA-N
InChI=1S/C20H17FO3S/c1-12-17(9-13-3-6-15(7-4-13)25(2)24)16-8-5-14(21)10-19(16)18(12)11-20(22)23/h3-10H,11H2,1-2H3,(H,22,23)/b17-9+
Molecular Formula | C20H17FO3S |
Molecular Weight | 356.411 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 1 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
DescriptionSources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00605Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2010/017911s073lbl.pdf
Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00605
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2010/017911s073lbl.pdf
Sulindac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA) of the arylalkanoic acid class that is marketed in the U.S. by Merck as Clinoril. Like other NSAIAs, it may be used in the treatment of acute or chronic inflammatory conditions. Sulindac is a prodrug, derived from sulfinylindene, that is converted in vivo to an active sulfide compound by liver enzymes. The sulfide metabolite then undergoes enterohepatic circulation; it is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This is thought to help maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects. Some studies have shown sulindac to be relatively less irritating to the stomach than other NSAIA's except for drugs of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor class. The exact mechanism of its NSAIA properties is unknown, but it is thought to act on enzymes COX-1 and COX-2, inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.
CNS Activity
Sources: https://www.drugs.com/pro/sulindac.html
Curator's Comment: Sulindac penetrates the blood-brain and placental barriers. Concentrations in brain did not exceed 4% of those in plasma.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL2094253 |
0.02 µM [EC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL1900 Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00605 |
0.36 µM [IC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL5983 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25532697 |
2.7 µM [IC50] | ||
Target ID: GO:0006927 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854904 |
|||
Target ID: CHEMBL1743128 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17005917 |
2.11 µM [IC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL5748 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17005917 |
38.0 µM [IC50] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | SULINDAC Approved UseCLINORIL is indicated for acute or long-term use in the relief of signs and symptoms of the following:
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Rheumatoid arthritis**
3. Ankylosing spondylitis
4. Acute painful shoulder (Acute subacromial bursitis/supraspinatus tendinitis)
5. Acute gouty arthritis Launch Date1988 |
|||
Primary | SULINDAC Approved UseCLINORIL is indicated for acute or long-term use in the relief of signs and symptoms of the following:
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Rheumatoid arthritis**
3. Ankylosing spondylitis
4. Acute painful shoulder (Acute subacromial bursitis/supraspinatus tendinitis)
5. Acute gouty arthritis Launch Date1988 |
|||
Primary | SULINDAC Approved UseCLINORIL is indicated for acute or long-term use in the relief of signs and symptoms of the following:
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Rheumatoid arthritis**
3. Ankylosing spondylitis
4. Acute painful shoulder (Acute subacromial bursitis/supraspinatus tendinitis)
5. Acute gouty arthritis Launch Date1988 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
11.4 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8366178 |
300 mg single, oral dose: 300 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
SULINDAC plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FASTED |
|
9.21 μg/mL |
400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
SULINDAC plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
40.8 μg × h/mL |
400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
SULINDAC plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
2.95 h EXPERIMENT https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8366178 |
300 mg single, oral dose: 300 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
SULINDAC plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FASTED |
|
7.8 h |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
SULINDAC plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Funbound
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
6.9% |
200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
SULINDAC plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
Rofecoxib (Vioxx), a specific cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, is chemopreventive in a mouse model of colon cancer. | 2003 Aug |
|
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit growth of human neuroendocrine tumor cells via G1 cell-cycle arrest. | 2003 Dec 10 |
|
New TNF-alpha releasing inhibitors as cancer preventive agents from traditional herbal medicine and combination cancer prevention study with EGCG and sulindac or tamoxifen. | 2003 Feb-Mar |
|
ROCK and nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent activation of cyclooxygenase-2 by Rho GTPases: effects on tumor growth and therapeutic consequences. | 2003 Jul |
|
Regional response leading to tumorigenesis after sulindac in small and large intestine of mice with Apc mutations. | 2003 Mar |
|
Combination of tumor necrosis factor-alpha with sulindac augments its apoptotic potential and suppresses tumor growth of human carcinoma cells in nude mice. | 2003 Mar 15 |
|
Hepatocellular damage from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. | 2003 Nov |
|
Cyclooxygenase-independent induction of apoptosis by sulindac sulfone is mediated by polyamines in colon cancer. | 2003 Nov 28 |
|
Prevention of retinal capillary basement membrane thickening in diabetic dogs by a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. | 2003 Sep |
|
Nutritional-pharmacological combinations--a novel approach to reducing colon cancer incidence. | 2004 Aug |
|
Death receptor regulation and celecoxib-induced apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. | 2004 Dec 1 |
|
Genetic polymorphisms of human flavin monooxygenase 3 in sulindac-mediated primary chemoprevention of familial adenomatous polyposis. | 2004 Dec 15 |
|
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents differ in their ability to suppress NF-kappaB activation, inhibition of expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and cyclin D1, and abrogation of tumor cell proliferation. | 2004 Dec 9 |
|
The chemopreventive agent sulindac attenuates expression of the antiapoptotic protein survivin in colorectal carcinoma cells. | 2004 Feb |
|
High-dose tamoxifen and sulindac as first-line treatment for desmoid tumors. | 2004 Feb 1 |
|
Induction of transcription by p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1: role of NFkappaB and effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. | 2004 Jul |
|
Sulindac improves memory and increases NMDA receptor subunits in aged Fischer 344 rats. | 2004 Mar |
|
Drug-induced liver injury. | 2004 Mar 1 |
|
Photoprotective effects of sulindac against ultraviolet B-induced phototoxicity in the skin of SKH-1 hairless mice. | 2004 Mar 15 |
|
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug activated gene (NAG-1) expression is closely related to death receptor-4 and -5 induction, which may explain sulindac sulfide induced gastric cancer cell apoptosis. | 2004 Oct |
|
Integrative role of cPLA with COX-2 and the effect of non-steriodal anti-inflammatory drugs in a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | 2005 Apr |
|
Delayed mechanism for induction of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase heavy subunit mRNA stability by oxidative stress involving p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. | 2005 Aug 5 |
|
Differential gene expression of sulindac-treated human breast epithelial cells. | 2005 Dec |
|
Endothelial survival factors and spatial completion, but not pericyte coverage of retinal capillaries determine vessel plasticity. | 2005 Dec |
|
Sulindac suppresses nuclear factor-kappaB activation and RANTES gene and protein expression in endometrial stromal cells from women with endometriosis. | 2005 Dec |
|
Sulindac enhances adenoviral vector expressing mda-7/IL-24-mediated apoptosis in human lung cancer. | 2005 Feb |
|
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs differentially suppress endometriosis in a murine model. | 2005 Jan |
|
Lack of specific amyloid-beta(1-42) suppression by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in young, plaque-free Tg2576 mice and in guinea pig neuronal cultures. | 2005 Jan |
|
Glucuronidation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: identifying the enzymes responsible in human liver microsomes. | 2005 Jul |
|
Sulindac enhances the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib-mediated oxidative stress and anticancer activity. | 2005 Jul 15 |
|
Methylation in the p21WAF1/cip1 promoter of Apc+/-, p21+/- mice and lack of response to sulindac. | 2005 Mar 17 |
|
Apoptosis of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells induced by mitomycin combined with sulindac. | 2005 Mar 28 |
|
Sulindac induces apoptosis and protects against colon carcinoma in mice. | 2005 May 14 |
|
p27kip1 in intestinal tumorigenesis and chemoprevention in the mouse. | 2005 Oct 15 |
|
Sulindac activates nuclear translocation of AIF, DFF40 and endonuclease G but not induces oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation in HT-29 cells. | 2005 Sep 2 |
|
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-related hepatic damage in France and Spain: analysis from national spontaneous reporting systems. | 2006 Aug |
|
Sulindac regulates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated expression of Phase 1 metabolic enzymes in vivo and in vitro. | 2006 Aug |
|
Induction of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) by aspirin in Caco-2 colon cancer cells. | 2006 Feb 15 |
|
Effect of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug sulindac on colorectal adenomas of uncolectomized familial adenomatous polyposis. | 2006 Jan |
|
Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in hamster and human pancreatic neoplasia. | 2006 Jun |
|
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, tolmetin and sulindac, inhibit liver tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity and alter brain neurotransmitter levels. | 2006 Nov 10 |
|
Sulindac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, selectively inhibits interferon-gamma-induced expression of the chemokine CXCL9 gene in mouse macrophages. | 2006 Nov 17 |
|
Inhibition of human phenol and estrogen sulfotransferase by certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. | 2006 Oct |
|
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, tolmetin and sulindac, attenuate oxidative stress in rat brain homogenate and reduce quinolinic acid-induced neurodegeneration in rat hippocampal neurons. | 2006 Sep |
|
Sulindac-derived reactive oxygen species induce apoptosis of human multiple myeloma cells via p38 mitogen activated protein kinase-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. | 2007 Jan |
|
Identification and functional analysis of common human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 genetic variants. | 2007 Jan |
|
A phase I clinical and pharmacokinetic study of the multi-drug resistance protein-1 (MRP-1) inhibitor sulindac, in combination with epirubicin in patients with advanced cancer. | 2007 Jan |
|
Polyproline-rod approach to isolating protein targets of bioactive small molecules: isolation of a new target of indomethacin. | 2007 Jan 31 |
|
Sulindac induces specific degradation of the HPV oncoprotein E7 and causes growth arrest and apoptosis in cervical carcinoma cells. | 2007 Jan 8 |
|
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, tolmetin and sulindac attenuate quinolinic acid (QA)-induced oxidative stress in primary hippocampal neurons and reduce QA-induced spatial reference memory deficits in male Wistar rats. | 2007 Mar 20 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
CLINORIL (Sulindac) should be administered orally twice a day with food. The maximum dosage is 400 mg per day. Dosages above 400 mg per day are not recommended. In osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis, the recommended starting dosage is 150 mg twice a day. The dosage may be lowered or raised depending on the response.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854904
After 24 hours incubation with sulindac at 2mmol/L and 4mmol/L, the level of COX-2 and Bcl-2 protein were lowered in MKN45, SMMC7721 and HepG(2) cells
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
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Record UNII |
5NVO8803F9
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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ENANTIOMER -> RACEMATE | |||
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ENANTIOMER -> RACEMATE |
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
USP
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