Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C6H6O3 |
Molecular Weight | 126.11 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CC1=C(O)C(=O)C=CO1
InChI
InChIKey=XPCTZQVDEJYUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C6H6O3/c1-4-6(8)5(7)2-3-9-4/h2-3,8H,1H3
Molecular Formula | C6H6O3 |
Molecular Weight | 126.11 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Maltol is a naturally occurring organic compound isolated from pine needles, larch bark, the destructive distillates of various organic materials and the alkaline hydrolysis products of streptomycin. Because of caramel-butterscotch odor, and suggestive of fruity-strawberry aroma in dilute solutions, maltol is used as a food additive mainly in confectionary and bakery products. Maltol is considered safe by FDA according to existing data and granted GRAS status. Maltol chelates metal ions such as Fe3+, Al3+, and is reported to increase uptake of aluminum and iron in the body. Maltol was reported to have a neuroprotective effect on retinal ganglion cells under oxidative stress, and hepatoprotective effect on alcohol-induced liver oxidative injury.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
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Target ID: map04064 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25646062 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Preventing | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
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Preventing | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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The kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions of aluminium(III) with gallic acid, gallic acid methyl ester and adrenaline. | 2001 Mar |
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Insulinomimetic bis(maltolato)zinc(II) complex: blood glucose normalizing effect in KK-A(y) mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus. | 2001 Mar |
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Syntheses, structure, and reactivity of chiral titanium compounds: procatalysts for olefin polymerization. | 2001 Mar 2 |
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Gas chromatography/mass spectrometric characterisation of pyrolysis/silylation products of glucose and cellulose. | 2002 |
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Different complexation properties of some hydroxy keto heterocycles toward beryllium(II) in aqueous solutions: experimental and theoretical studies. | 2002 Jul 29 |
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Simultaneous quantitative analysis of maillard reaction precursors and products by high-performance anion exchange chromatography. | 2003 Dec 3 |
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Examination of novel zinc-binding groups for use in matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. | 2003 Jun 2 |
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Metal complexes of the trans-influencing ligand thiomaltol. | 2003 Nov 17 |
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Aroma compounds in sweet whey powder. | 2004 Dec |
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Study on the nitric oxide scavenging effects of ginseng and its compounds. | 2006 Apr 5 |
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An in vitro study of interactions between insulin-mimetic zinc(II) complexes and selected plasma components. | 2006 Dec |
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Prooxidant action of maltol: role of transition metals in the generation of reactive oxygen species and enhanced formation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine formation in DNA. | 2006 Jun |
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Metal complexes of maltol and close analogues in medicinal inorganic chemistry. | 2006 Jun |
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Maltol inhibits apoptosis of human neuroblastoma cells induced by hydrogen peroxide. | 2006 Mar 31 |
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The identification of antioxidants in dark soy sauce. | 2007 Apr |
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Study on the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity changes of ginseng and ginsenoside-Rb2 by heat processing. | 2007 Apr |
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Subthreshold olfactory stimulation can enhance sweetness. | 2007 Mar |
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Vanadium treatment of type 2 diabetes: a view to the future. | 2009 Apr |
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Speciation in aqueous vanadate-ligand and peroxovanadate-ligand systems. | 2009 Apr |
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Biospeciation of various antidiabetic V(IV)O compounds in serum. | 2009 Apr 7 |
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Evaluation of the peroxynitrite scavenging activity of heat-processed ginseng. | 2009 Feb |
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Synthesis of 4-pyridone-3-sulfate and an improved synthesis of 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone. | 2009 Jan 9 |
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Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation and QSAR study of some 3-hydroxypyridine-4-one and 3-hydroxypyran-4-one derivatives. | 2009 May |
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A Maillard reaction product enhances eNOS activity in human endothelial cells. | 2010 Jul |
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Sources: http://www.food-info.net/uk/e/e636.htm
Maltol is used in many products, mainly confectionary and bakery products. The acceptable daily intake is up to 1 mg/kg bodyweight.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25352751
When the retinal ganglion cells were exposed to 20 μM of H2O2 for 16 h, their viability dropped to 40.3±3.4%. However, the maltol treatment restored the cells in a dose-dependent manner. The viability recovered to 73.9±5.1% with 10 μM of maltol and even reached 175.1±11.3% with 2 mM of maltol, as measured by ATP assay.
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
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admin
on
Edited
Mon Mar 31 17:48:02 GMT 2025
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Mon Mar 31 17:48:02 GMT 2025
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Record UNII |
3A9RD92BS4
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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CFR |
21 CFR 172.515
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CODEX ALIMENTARIUS (GSFA) |
INS-636
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JECFA EVALUATION |
INS-636
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JECFA EVALUATION |
MALTOL
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1375003
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MALTOL
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1362894
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m7047
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PRIMARY | Merck Index |
Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT | |||
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
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ACTIVE MOIETY |