Elocalcitol (also known as BXL-628), a vitamin D3 analog. This compound regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis via its binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) having anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treatment. In a phase, IIb trial in patients with BPH, treatment with elocalcitol resulted in a significantly reduced prostate volume compared with placebo; irritative urinary symptoms (frequency, urgency, and nocturia) and urodynamic parameters were comparable to the alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist tamsulosin. In a phase IIa trial in patients with prostatitis, elocalcitol significantly reduced levels of IL-8 in semen, suggesting improved quality and forward motility of sperm. However, phase IIb trial data from patients with overactive bladder (OAB) were less promising: elocalcitol failed to meet the primary endpoint despite demonstrating good efficacy in a phase IIa trial. Based largely on these disappointing data, BioXell decided to terminate all further clinical development of elocalcitol, including an uncompleted phase IIa trial in patients with male infertility. Recently was shown, that VDR agonists as elocalcitol could be therapeutic tools for skeletal muscle integrity/function maintenance, an indispensable condition for health homeostasis.