ISOLEUCINE

US Previously Marketed

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C6H13NO2
Molecular Weight	131.1729
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	2 / 2
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CC[C@H](C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N

InChI=1S/C6H13NO2/c1-3-4(2)5(7)6(8)9/h4-5H,3,7H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)/t4-,5-/m0/s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C6H13NO2
Molecular Weight	131.1729
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	2 / 2
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED

Description
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25073372
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00167 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22298573 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4698813 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28089725

Isoleucine is an essential α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. L-isoleucine is commonly used in parenteral and enteral nutrition. It is used in combination with the other branched chain amino acids to improve the nutritional status of patients with hepatic diseases. BCAAs serve as important fuel sources for skeletal muscle during periods of metabolic stress

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTORC1) 23 Target ID: CHEMBL2221341 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22298573	Activator 1447

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Burns 17 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=016822	Primary	Approved 8583	FREAMINE III 10% Approved Use Parenteral nutrition with 8.5% FreAmine® III (Amino Acid Injection) with Electrolytes is indicated to prevent nitrogen loss or treat negative nitrogen balance in adults and pediatric patients, where (1) the alimentary tract, by the oral, gastrostomy, or jejunostomy route, cannot or should not be used, or adequate protein intake is not feasible by these routes; (2) gastrointestinal absorption of protein is impaired; or (3) protein requirements are substantially increased as with extensive burns. Dosage, route of administration, and concomitant infusion of non-protein calories are dependent on various factors, such as nutritional metabolic status of the patient, anticipated duration of parenteral nutritional support, and vein tolerance Launch Date 1971
Acute infectious diarrhoea 2 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01034228	Primary	Phase II 1147	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Hyperglycemia 4 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT02634164	Primary	Not Provided 511	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Liver cirrhosis 15 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT02837302	Primary	Phase IV 63	Unknown Approved Use Unknown

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
7.87 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26119505/	50 mg/kg single, oral dose: 50 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		ISOLEUCINE plasma	Canis lupus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
21.72 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26119505/	50 mg/kg single, oral dose: 50 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		ISOLEUCINE plasma	Canis lupus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
1.45 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26119505/	50 mg/kg single, oral dose: 50 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		ISOLEUCINE plasma	Canis lupus population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
3B Scientific (Wuhan) Corp	3B1-01561	http://www.3bsc.com/index/pro_info.php?id=21773
3B Scientific (Wuhan) Corp	3B3-024437	http://www.3bsc.com/index/pro_info.php?id=45513
AA Blocks	AA003R7U	http://www.aablocks.com/goods/Goods/detail?id=AA003R7U
Aaron Chemicals	AR003RZM	http://www.aaronchem.com/73-32-5
abcr GmbH	AB117129	http://www.abcr.com/shop/en/AB117129
abcr GmbH	AB177057	http://www.abcr.com/shop/en/AB177057
abcr GmbH	AB354900	http://www.abcr.com/shop/en/AB354900
AbMole Bioscience	M9327	http://www.abmole.com/products/l-isoleucine.html
Acadechem	ACDS-063683	http://www.acadechemical.com/product/138382
Acadechem	ACDS-067977	http://www.acadechemical.com/product/142676
Achemo Scientific Limited	AC-74012	http://www.achemo.com/search/?Keyword= 73-32-5
Achemo Scientific Limited	AC-74021	http://www.achemo.com/search/?Keyword= 73-32-5
Achemtek	0101-001279	http://www.achemtek.com/73-32-5
Acorn PharmaTech	ACN-033303	http://www.acornpharmatech.com/
Acros Organics	AC166170050	https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/l-isoleucine-99-acros-organics-1/AC166170050
Acros Organics	AC166170250	https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/l-isoleucine-99-acros-organics-1/AC166170250
Acros Organics	AC166171000	https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/l-isoleucine-99-acros-organics-1/AC166171000
Acros Organics	AC166175000	https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/l-isoleucine-99-acros-organics/AC166175000
AHH Chemical co.,ltd	MT-00788	http://www.ahhchemical.com/product/MT-00788.html
AHH Chemical co.,ltd	MT-16045	http://www.ahhchemical.com/product/MT-16045.html
AHH Chemical co.,ltd	NP-1180	http://www.ahhchemical.com/product/NP-1180.html
AK Scientific, Inc. (AKSCI)	371141	http://www.aksci.com/item_detail.php?cat=371141
AK Scientific, Inc. (AKSCI)	67373	http://www.aksci.com/item_detail.php?cat=67373
Alfa Aesar	A13699	https://www.alfa.com/en/catalog/A13699/
Alfa Chemistry	AP73325	https://reagents.alfa-chemistry.com/product/l-isoleucine-cas-73-32-5-15708.html
Alfa Chemistry	AP73325-A	https://reagents.alfa-chemistry.com/product/l-isoleucine-cas-73-32-5-15709.html
Alichem	471003772	http://www.alichem.com/en/products/73-32-5.html
Ambeed	A868688	https://www.ambeed.com/products/443-79-8.html
Angene	AGN-PC-0WA1X0	http://www.angenechemical.com/productshow/AGN-PC-0WA1X0.html
Anward	ANW-36330	http://www.anward.com/pro_result/24908
ApexBio Technology	A6806	http://www.apexbt.com/h-ile-2-chlorotrityl-resin.html
ApexBio Technology	A7207	http://www.apexbt.com/h-ile-oh.html
Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC	A02.556.670	http://online.aurorafinechemicals.com/info?ID=A02.556.670
Aurum Pharmatech LLC	Z-4689	http://www.Aurumpharmatech.com/Product/ProductDetails/Z_4689
Avantor Inc	200001-520	https://us.vwr.com/store/product/7516119/l-isoleucine-99
Avantor Inc	BT129375-10G	https://us.vwr.com/store/product/16637361/l-isoleucine-99
Avantor Inc	BT129375-50G	https://us.vwr.com/store/product/16637361/l-isoleucine-99
BioSynth	Q-201311	https://www.biosynth.com/en/products/life-science/other-biochemicals/products/Q-201311.html
BLD Pharm	BD34776	http://www.bldpharm.com/products/73-32-5.html
BLD Pharm	BD40390	http://www.bldpharm.com/products/443-79-8.html
BroadPharm	BP-20357	https://www.broadpharm.com/web/product.php?catalog=BP-20357
Capot Chemical	12389	http://www.capotchem.com/en/12389.htm
Capot Chemical	21625	http://www.capotchem.com/en/21625.htm
Capot Chemical	PubChem12389	http://www.capotchem.com/en/12389.htm
Capot Chemical	PubChem21625	http://www.capotchem.com/en/21625.htm
Chem Scene	CS-W018502	http://www.chemscene.com/73-32-5.html
Chemenu	CM119424	http://www.chemenu.com/products/CM119424
ChemMol	1201570	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/1201570.html
ChemMol	1202962	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/1202962.html
ChemMol	30202568	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/30202568.html
ChemMol	30202569	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/30202569.html
ChemMol	49402320	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/49402320.html
Chemspace	CSSB00011417156	https://chem-space.com/CSSB00011417156
China MainChem Co., Ltd	MS73-32-5	https://www.mainchem.com/product/l-isoleucine/
Chiralblock Biosciences	CB10358	http://www.chiralblock.com/products/73-32-5.html
CSNpharm	CSN23582	https://www.csnpharm.com/products/l-isoleucine.html
DC Chemicals	DCY-146	http://www.dcchemicals.com//product_show-L_Isoleucine.html
Enamine	Z1250208653	https://www.enaminestore.com/catalog/Z1250208653
eNovation Chemicals	D380618	https://www.enovationchem.com/ProductDetails.asp?ProductID=D380618
eNovation Chemicals	K21854	https://www.enovationchem.com/ProductDetails.asp?ProductID=K21854
eNovation Chemicals	Y1045988	https://www.enovationchem.com/ProductDetails.asp?ProductID=Y1045988
Glentham Life Sciences	GM0912	http://www.glentham.com/products/product/GM0912/
Glentham Life Sciences	GM6591	http://www.glentham.com/products/product/GM6591/
Hairui	HR134488	http://www.hairuichem.com/en/product/73-32-5.html
iChemical	EBD2198111	http://www.ichemical.com/products/73-32-5.html?utm_source=PubChem&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=product%20catalogs
Lab Network	LN00195374	https://labnetwork.com/frontend-app/p/#!/moleculedetails/LN00195374
LGC Standards	DRE-C14429000	https://www.lgcstandards.com/US/en/p/DRE-C14429000
LGC Standards	DRE-C14429100	https://www.lgcstandards.com/US/en/p/DRE-C14429100
LGC Standards	LGCFOR1564.00	https://www.lgcstandards.com/US/en/p/LGCFOR1564.00
LGC Standards	MM1564.00	https://www.lgcstandards.com/US/en/p/MM1564.00
mcule	MCULE-2215911951	https://mcule.com/MCULE-2215911951/
MedChem Express	HY-N0771	https://www.medchemexpress.com/L-Isoleucine.html
Oakwood	M03002	http://www.oakwoodchemical.com/ProductsList.aspx?CategoryID=-2&txtSearch=127805&ExtHyperLink=1
OChem	3795	http://www.ocheminc.com/index.php?act=psearch&pid=064l222
Parchem	21554	http://www.parchem.com/chemical-supplier-distributor/laevo-isoleucine-011554.aspx
Parchem	396	http://www.parchem.com/chemical-supplier-distributor/L-Isoleucine-000976.aspx
Renno Tech	RP17314	http://www.rennotech.com/product_show.asp?id=23215
Sigma-Aldrich	1349502_USP	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/usp/1349502?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	15-2120_SAJ	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/saj/152120?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	151718_ALDRICH	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/151718?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	56241_SIAL	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sial/56241?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	58879_SIGMA	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/58879?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sinfoo Biotech	S048026	http://www.sinfoobiotech.com/product/1051424
Sinfoo Biotech	S052320	http://www.sinfoobiotech.com/product/1055718
TCI (Tokyo Chemical Industry)	I0181	http://www.tcichemicals.com/eshop/en/us/commodity/I0181/index.html
VladaChem	VL142921	https://www.vladachem.com/product.php?products=73-32-5
VladaChem	VL163433	https://www.vladachem.com/product.php?products=73-32-5
VladaChem	VL264784-100G	https://www.vladachem.com/product.php?products=73-32-5
Watanabe Chemical Ind.	G00022	https://www.watanabechem.co.jp/en/search/details.php?code=G00022
Yuhao Chemical	HL3430	http://www.chemyuhao.com/131598-62-4.html

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Lysine metabolism in higher plants.	2001	11354603
Metabolism of branched-chain amino acids in starved rats: the role of hepatic tissue.	2001	11300224
Leucine and protein metabolism in rats with chronic renal insufficiency.	2001 Apr	11370737
Activation of skeletal muscle protein breakdown following consumption of soyabean protein in pigs.	2001 Apr	11348559
Involvement of branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases in the production of fusel alcohols during fermentation in yeast.	2001 Apr	11341309
Trans-(DL-isoleucinato-N,O)[tris(2-aminoethyl)amine-kappa(4)N]cobalt(III)diperchlorate.	2001 Apr	11313571
Aspartate kinase 2. A candidate gene of a quantitative trait locus influencing free amino acid content in maize endosperm.	2001 Apr	11299358
Identification of amino acid residues responsible for the alpha5 subunit binding selectivity of L-655,708, a benzodiazepine binding site ligand at the GABA(A) receptor.	2001 Apr	11299307
Identification of a novel COCH mutation, I109N, highlights the similar clinical features observed in DFNA9 families.	2001 Apr	11295836
Regulation of a Rho-associated kinase expression during the corneal epithelial cell cycle.	2001 Apr	11274069
Coordinate changes in drug resistance and drug-induced conformational transitions in altered-function mutants of the multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein.	2001 Apr 10	11284689
Analysis of amino acids in human serum by isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.	2001 Apr 13	11355826
Roles of histidine residues in tobacco acetolactate synthase.	2001 Apr 20	11302749
Dependence of the bi-functional nature of a sialyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis on a single amino acid substitution.	2001 Apr 20	11278878
Mechanism of dihydropyridine interaction with critical binding residues of L-type Ca2+ channel alpha 1 subunits.	2001 Apr 20	11278630
Vanilloid and isovanilloid analogues as inhibitors of methionyl-tRNA and isoleucyl-tRNA synthetases.	2001 Apr 23	11327601
Ester and hydroxamate analogues of methionyl and isoleucyl adenylates as inhibitors of methionyl-tRNA and isoleucyl-tRNA synthetases.	2001 Apr 23	11327600
Superoxide reductase from Desulfoarculus baarsii: reaction mechanism and role of glutamate 47 and lysine 48 in catalysis.	2001 Apr 24	11305919
Tyrosine 331 and phenylalanine 334 in Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin are essential for cytotoxic activity.	2001 Apr 27	11334886
Re: Population-based, case-control study of HER2 genetic polymorphism and breast cancer risk.	2001 Apr 4	11287454
Recombinant tyrosine aminotransferase from Trypanosoma cruzi: structural characterization and site directed mutagenesis of a broad substrate specificity enzyme.	2001 Apr 7	11295433
Identification of human CYP2C19 residues that confer S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylation activity to CYP2C9.	2001 Feb 20	11329260
The Val-210-Ile pathogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease mutation increases both the helical and aggregation propensities of a sequence corresponding to helix-3 of PrP(C).	2001 Jan 12	11341933
Homoserine dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae: kinetic mechanism and stereochemistry of hydride transfer.	2001 Jan 12	11341915
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.	2001 Jan 12	11341914
Comparative in vitro studies on native and recombinant human cationic trypsins. Cathepsin B is a possible pathological activator of trypsinogen in pancreatitis.	2001 Jul 6	11312265
The conserved active site motif A of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I is highly mutable.	2001 Jun 1	11278911
A family of yeast proteins mediating bidirectional vacuolar amino acid transport.	2001 Jun 29	11274162
Dethiosulfovibrio russensis sp. nov., Dethosulfovibrio marinus sp. nov. and Dethosulfovibrio acidaminovorans sp. nov., novel anaerobic, thiosulfate- and sulfur-reducing bacteria isolated from 'Thiodendron' sulfur mats in different saline environments.	2001 Mar	11321077
Sequence information, distinction and quantitation of C-terminal leucine and isoleucine in ternary complexes of tripeptides with Cu(II) and 2,2'-bipyridine.	2001 Mar	11312523
Identification of a novel single-nucleotide polymorphism (Val554Ile) and definition of eight common alleles for human IL4RA exon 11.	2001 Mar	11285129
New auxiliaries for copper-catalyzed asymmetric Michael reactions: generation of quaternary stereocenters at room temperature.	2001 Mar 2	11303862
[Significance of trypsinogen gene mutations in the etiology of hereditary pancreatitis].	2001 Mar 25	11324217
Energy utilization of low-protein diets in growing pigs.	2001 May	11374546
Why do female Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) feed preferentially and frequently on human blood?	2001 May	11372967
Enzymology, structure, and dynamics of acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase.	2001 May	11352718
The central enzymes of the aspartate family of amino acid biosynthesis.	2001 May	11352712
The internal propeptide of the ricin precursor carries a sequence-specific determinant for vacuolar sorting.	2001 May	11351080
Dissociation pathways of alkali-cationized peptides: opportunities for C-terminal peptide sequencing.	2001 May	11349947
Does glutamine act as a substrate for transamination reactions in the liver of fed and fasted sheep?	2001 May	11348574
Proton MR spectroscopy with metabolite-nulling reveals elevated macromolecules in acute multiple sclerosis.	2001 May	11335697
The amino acid residues affecting the activity and azole susceptibility of rat CYP51 (sterol 14-demethylase P450).	2001 May	11328599
A single residue differentiates between human cardiac and skeletal muscle Na+ channel slow inactivation.	2001 May	11325725
Structural and thermodynamic analysis of the binding of solvent at internal sites in T4 lysozyme.	2001 May	11316887
Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV, CD26) activity abrogates stress-induced, cytokine-mediated murine abortions.	2001 May	11309152
The amino-terminal tail of glycogen phosphorylase is a switch for controlling phosphorylase conformation, activation, and response to ligands.	2001 May 1	11318640
Characterization and manipulation of the acyl chain selectivity of fatty acid amide hydrolase.	2001 May 22	11352748
Role of surface lysine residues of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein in fatty acid transfer to phospholipid vesicles.	2001 May 29	11371211
Acrodermatitis acidemica secondary to malnutrition in glutaric aciduria type I.	2001 May-Jun	11358733
Molecular epidemiology and mutations at gyrA and parC genes of ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from a Taiwan medical center.	2001 Spring	11310803

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

2.9g of L-isoleucine over 6 months

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

Primary cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were rinsed with PBS and harvested in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 (50 mmol/L KH2PO4, 1 mmol/L EGTA, 150 mmol/L sucrose). The reaction was started by the addition of a lucigenin mixture 5 μmol/L) and NADPH (100 μmol/L) (Sigma-Aldrich) to the protein sample in a final volume of 250 μL. Branched-chain amino acids were prepared as a mixture of leucine, isoleucine and valine at 0.2–12 mmol/L Cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of BCAA (4–12 mmol/L) for 1 h Chemiluminescence was determined every 2.4 s for 3 min in a microtiter plate luminometer (Enspire Perkin Elmer). Basal activity in the absence of NADPH was subtracted from each reading and normalized to protein concentration.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 17:36:20 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 17:36:20 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	04Y7590D77
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

ISOLEUCINE

Official Name

English

L-ISOLEUCINE

Preferred Name

English

ISOLEUCINE [II]

Common Name

English

(S-(R*,R*))-2-AMINO-3-METHYLPENTANOIC ACID

Systematic Name

English

L-ISOLEUCINE [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

Isoleucine [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

ISOLEUCINE, L-

Systematic Name

English

ISOLEUCINE [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

NSC-46708

Code

English

(2S,3S)-2-AMINO-3-METHYLPENTANOIC ACID

Systematic Name

English

ISOLEUCINE [MI]

Common Name

English

ISOLEUCINE [MART.]

Common Name

English

L-ISOLEUCINE [FCC]

Common Name

English

VALINE IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

ISOLEUCINE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

FEMA NO. 4675

Code

English

ISOLEUCINE [USAN]

Common Name

English

ISOLEUCINE [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

ISOLEUCINE [HSDB]

Common Name

English

LEUCINE IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

isoleucine [INN]

Common Name

English

ILE

Code

English

L-ISOLEUCINE [JAN]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

LOINC

25938-2