Tinidazole is a synthetic antiprotozoal agent, formally known as 1-[2-(ethylsulfonyl)ethyl]-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole and a second-generation 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole. Tinidazole is a prodrug and antiprotozoal agent. The nitro group of tinidazole is reduced in Trichomonas by a ferredoxin-mediated electron transport system. The free nitro radical generated as a result of this reduction is believed to be responsible for the antiprotozoal activity. It is suggested that the toxic free radicals covalently bind to DNA, causing DNA damage and leading to cell death. The mechanism by which tinidazole exhibits activity against Giardia and Entamoeba species is not known. Tindamax oral tablets are indicated for the treatment of trichomoniasis caused by T. vaginalis in both female and male patients assuming the organism has been identified by appropriate diagnostic procedures. Because trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease with potentially serious sequelae, partners of infected patients should be treated simultaneously in order to prevent re-infection. Tindamax oral tablets are also indicated for the treatment of giardiasis caused by G. duodenalis (also termed G. lamblia) in both adults and pediatric patients older than three years of age. Another indication for Tindamax oral tablets is the treatment of intestinal amebiasis and amebic liver abscess caused by E. histolytica in both adults and pediatric patients older than three years of age. It is not indicated in the treatment of asymptomatic cyst passage. The most common side effects reported with tinidazole are upset stomach, bitter taste and itchiness. Other side effects include headache, physical fatigue, and dizziness. Anecdotally, people who have taken both metronidazole and tinidazole report toxicity is much the same except the side effects don't last as long with the latter. Drinking alcohol while taking tinidazole causes an unpleasant disulfiram-like reaction which includes nausea, vomiting, headache, increased blood pressure, flushing, and shortness of breath.