PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE

First approved in 1947

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C11H16ClN5.ClH
Molecular Weight	290.192
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

Cl.CC(C)NC(=N)NC(=N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1

InChI

InChIKey=SARMGXPVOFNNNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C11H16ClN5.ClH/c1-7(2)15-10(13)17-11(14)16-9-5-3-8(12)4-6-9;/h3-7H,1-2H3,(H5,13,14,15,16,17);1H

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/021078s022lbl.pdf | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10348748 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15228254

Proguanil is a prophylactic antimalarial drug, which works by stopping the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, from reproducing once it is in the red blood cells. Proguanil in combination with atovaquone are marked under the brand name malarone, which is indicated for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria and for the prophylaxis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, including in areas where chloroquine resistance has been reported. Atovaquone and proguanil, interfere with 2 different pathways involved in the biosynthesis of pyrimidines required for nucleic acid replication. Atovaquone is a selective inhibitor of parasite mitochondrial electron transport. Proguanil hydrochloride primarily exerts its effect by means of the metabolite cycloguanil, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor. Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase in the malaria parasite disrupts deoxythymidylate synthesis. Recently were done experiments, which confirmed the hypothesis that proguanil might act on another target than dihydrofolate reductase. In addition, was made conclusion, that effectiveness of malarone was due to the synergism between atovaquone and proguanil and may not require the presence of cycloguanil.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Dihydrofolate reductase 57 Target ID: CHEMBL1939 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10348748	Inhibitor 8297

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Plasmodium falciparum malaria 63 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/021078s022lbl.pdf	Curative		Approved 8429	MALARONE Approved Use Prevention of Malaria: Atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride tablets are indicated for the prophylaxis of P. falciparum malaria, including in areas where chloroquine resistance has been reported (see CLINICAL STUDIES). Treatment of Malaria: Atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride tablets are indicated for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria. Atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride tablets have been shown to be effective in regions where the drugs chloroquine, halofantrine, mefloquine, and amodiaquine may have unacceptable failure rates, presumably due to drug resistance. Launch Date 2000
Plasmodium falciparum malaria 63 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/021078s022lbl.pdf	Preventing		Approved 8429	MALARONE Approved Use Prevention of Malaria: Atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride tablets are indicated for the prophylaxis of P. falciparum malaria, including in areas where chloroquine resistance has been reported (see CLINICAL STUDIES). Treatment of Malaria: Atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride tablets are indicated for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria. Atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride tablets have been shown to be effective in regions where the drugs chloroquine, halofantrine, mefloquine, and amodiaquine may have unacceptable failure rates, presumably due to drug resistance. Launch Date 2000

C_max

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
39 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	(4-CHLOROPHENYL)BIGUANIDE blood	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
10 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	(4-CHLOROPHENYL)BIGUANIDE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
980 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	PROGUANIL blood	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
170 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	PROGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
190 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329294/	200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	PROGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
209 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329294/	200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	PROGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
50 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CYCLOGUANIL blood	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
41 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CYCLOGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN

AUC

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
883 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	(4-CHLOROPHENYL)BIGUANIDE blood	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
249 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	(4-CHLOROPHENYL)BIGUANIDE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
14070 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	PROGUANIL blood	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
2975 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	PROGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
141 μg × min/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329294/	200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CYCLOGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
834 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CYCLOGUANIL blood	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
190 μg × min/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329294/	200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	CYCLOGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
661 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	CYCLOGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
15.7 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	PROGUANIL blood	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
16.1 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3440097/	3.5 mg/kg bw single, oral dose: 3.5 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	PROGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
21 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329294/	200 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	PROGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
18 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329294/	200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	PROGUANIL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
100 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: chloroquine(155 mg; oral; 2/week) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891	healthy, 13–74 n = 511 Health Status: healthy Condition: malaria prophylaxis Age Group: 13–74 Sex: M+F Population Size: 511 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891	Disc. AE: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Abdominal pain (0.98%) Diarrhea (0.78%) Nausea (1.17%) Vomiting (0.39%) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891
100 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: atovaquone(250 mg oral; 1/day) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10363739 Page: p.745	healthy, 16 - 65 n = 175 Health Status: healthy Condition: malaria prophylaxis Age Group: 16 - 65 Sex: M+F Population Size: 175 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10363739 Page: p.745	Disc. AE: Headache... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Headache (1.14%) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10363739 Page: p.745
150 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 150 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 150 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: chloroquine(77.5-310 mg; oral; 1/week) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15227617 Page: p.1720	healthy, 3–16 n = 111 Health Status: healthy Condition: malaria prophylaxis Age Group: 3–16 Sex: M+F Population Size: 111 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15227617 Page: p.1720	Disc. AE: Abdominal pain, Nausea... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Abdominal pain (grade 1-2, 1.8%) Nausea (grade 1-3, 1.8%) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15227617 Page: p.1720
200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: P. falciparum malaria Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	Other AEs: Hair loss, Skin scaly... Other AEs: Hair loss Skin scaly Scales Aphthous ulcer Hematologic disorder Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf
200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: P. falciparum malaria Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	Other AEs: Epigastric discomfort, Vomiting... Other AEs: Epigastric discomfort Vomiting Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf

AEs

AE	Significance	Dose	Population
Vomiting	0.39% Disc. AE	100 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: chloroquine(155 mg; oral; 2/week) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891	healthy, 13–74 n = 511 Health Status: healthy Condition: malaria prophylaxis Age Group: 13–74 Sex: M+F Population Size: 511 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891
Diarrhea	0.78% Disc. AE	100 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: chloroquine(155 mg; oral; 2/week) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891	healthy, 13–74 n = 511 Health Status: healthy Condition: malaria prophylaxis Age Group: 13–74 Sex: M+F Population Size: 511 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891
Abdominal pain	0.98% Disc. AE	100 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: chloroquine(155 mg; oral; 2/week) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891	healthy, 13–74 n = 511 Health Status: healthy Condition: malaria prophylaxis Age Group: 13–74 Sex: M+F Population Size: 511 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891
Nausea	1.17% Disc. AE	100 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: chloroquine(155 mg; oral; 2/week) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891	healthy, 13–74 n = 511 Health Status: healthy Condition: malaria prophylaxis Age Group: 13–74 Sex: M+F Population Size: 511 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11130385 Page: p.1891
Headache	1.14% Disc. AE	100 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 100 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: atovaquone(250 mg oral; 1/day) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10363739 Page: p.745	healthy, 16 - 65 n = 175 Health Status: healthy Condition: malaria prophylaxis Age Group: 16 - 65 Sex: M+F Population Size: 175 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10363739 Page: p.745
Abdominal pain	grade 1-2, 1.8% Disc. AE	150 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 150 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 150 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: chloroquine(77.5-310 mg; oral; 1/week) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15227617 Page: p.1720	healthy, 3–16 n = 111 Health Status: healthy Condition: malaria prophylaxis Age Group: 3–16 Sex: M+F Population Size: 111 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15227617 Page: p.1720
Nausea	grade 1-3, 1.8% Disc. AE	150 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 150 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 150 mg, 1 times / day Co-administed with:: chloroquine(77.5-310 mg; oral; 1/week) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15227617 Page: p.1720	healthy, 3–16 n = 111 Health Status: healthy Condition: malaria prophylaxis Age Group: 3–16 Sex: M+F Population Size: 111 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15227617 Page: p.1720
Aphthous ulcer		200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: P. falciparum malaria Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf
Hair loss		200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: P. falciparum malaria Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf
Hematologic disorder		200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: P. falciparum malaria Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf
Scales		200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: P. falciparum malaria Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf
Skin scaly		200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: P. falciparum malaria Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf
Epigastric discomfort		200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: P. falciparum malaria Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf
Vomiting		200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf	unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: P. falciparum malaria Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021078s016lbl.pdf

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
substrate 1737	substrate 1037	inhibitor 1852

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
	CYP1A2 1054 CYP2E1 667 CYP2C19 991

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
CYP2D6 1891	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://bioinformatics.charite.de/transformer/index.php?site=fullinfo&cname=000500925, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11124226/	yes [Ki 6.76 uM]

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity
CYP2C19 991	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2000/21-078_Malarone_BioPharmr.pdf#page=2 \| https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/021078s023lbl.pdf#page=15 \| https://www.pmda.go.jp/drugs/2012/P201200173/34027800_22400AMX01490_A100_1.pdf#page=22 Page: 2, 11, (Label) 15, (PMDA_A100_1 in Japanese) 22	major
CYP2E1 667	substrate 3367 Sources: https://bioinformatics.charite.de/transformer/index.php?site=fullinfo&cname=000500925, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10417492/	no
CYP1A2 1054	substrate 3367 Sources: https://bioinformatics.charite.de/transformer/index.php?site=fullinfo&cname=000500925, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10417492/	yes
CYP2C9 1037	substrate 3367 Sources: https://bioinformatics.charite.de/transformer/index.php?site=fullinfo&cname=000500925, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11996015/	yes
CYP3A4 1737	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2000/21-078_Malarone_BioPharmr.pdf#page=2 Page: 2, 11	yes

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
ChEBI	CHEBI:8455	https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:8455
ChemicalBook	CB7455742	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB7455742
MolPort	MolPort-027-720-649	https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-027-720-649
ZINC	ZINC000095452610	http://zinc15.docking.org/substances/ZINC000095452610

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
A case of recurrent subacute disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with malarial prophylaxis.	1975 Jan 25	1124444
In vitro cultivation of Cryptosporidium parvum and screening for anticryptosporidial drugs.	1990 Aug	2221857
Mefloquine.	1993 Jun 19	8099690
Effect of atovaquone and atovaquone drug combinations on prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in SCID mice.	1995 Apr	7785975
Adverse effects and compliance with mefloquine or proguanil antimalarial chemoprophylaxis.	1997	9248763
Atovaquone-proguanil versus chloroquine-proguanil for malaria prophylaxis in non-immune travellers: a randomised, double-blind study. Malarone International Study Team.	2000 Dec 2	11130385
Seizures after antimalarial medication in previously healthy persons.	2000 May-Jun	11179947
Application of higher throughput screening (HTS) inhibition assays to evaluate the interaction of antiparasitic drugs with cytochrome P450s.	2001 Jan	11124226
A trial of proguanil-dapsone in comparison with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for the clearance of Plasmodium falciparum infections in Tanzania.	2001 Jul-Aug	11579891
[Many travellers suffer of side-effects of malaria prophylaxis].	2002 Jun 27	12170684
Essential requirements for substrate binding affinity and selectivity toward human CYP2 family enzymes.	2003 Jan 1	12464242
Prediction of genotoxicity of chemical compounds by statistical learning methods.	2005 Jun	15962942
The risk of antimalarials in patients with renal failure.	2007 Dec	18057166

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

The daily dose should be taken at the same time each day with food or a milky drink. In the event of vomiting within 1 hour after dosing, a repeat dose should be taken. Prevention of Malaria: start prophylactic treatment with MALARONE (atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride) 1 or 2 days before entering a malaria-endemic area and continue daily during the stay and for 7 days after return. Adults: One MALARONE Tablet (adult strength = 250 mg atovaquone/100 mg proguanil hydrochloride) per day. Pediatric Patients: The dosage for prevention of malaria in pediatric patients is based upon body weight. Treatment of Acute Malaria Adults: four malarone tablets (adult strength; total daily dose 1 g atovaquone/400 mg proguanil hydrochloride) as a single daily dose for 3 consecutive days. Pediatric Patients: The dosage for treatment of acute malaria in pediatric patients is based upon body weight.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

Unknown

Name

Type

Language

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE

Official Name

English

GWAH7673A

Code

English

NSC-26614

Code

English

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE [MART.]

Common Name

English

GW AH7673A

Code

English

SN-12837

Code

English

CHLORGUANIDE HYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

PROGUANILI HYDROCHLORIDUM [WHO-IP LATIN]

Common Name

English

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE COMPONENT OF MALARONE

Common Name

English

PALUSIL

Brand Name

English

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

Proguanil hydrochloride [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

GUANATOL

Brand Name

English

DRINUPAL

Brand Name

English

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE COMPONENT OF MALARONE PEDIATRIC

Common Name

English

RP-3359

Code

English

M-4888

Code

English

336U50

Code

English

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE [WHO-IP]

Common Name

English

336-U-50

Code

English

PALUDRINE

Brand Name

English

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE [USAN]

Common Name

English

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE [JAN]

Common Name

English

MALARONE PEDIATRIC COMPONENT PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

CHLOROQUANIL

Brand Name

English

NSC-12977

Code

English

GW-AH7673A

Code

English

IMIDODICARBONIMIDIC DIAMIDE, N-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)-N'-(1-METHYLETHYL)-, HYDROCHLORIDE (1:1)

Systematic Name

English

CHLORGUANIDE HYDROCHLORIDE [MI]

Common Name

English

MALARONE COMPONENT PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

DIGUANYL

Brand Name

English

PROGUANIL HCL

Common Name

English

IMIDODICARBONIMIDIC DIAMIDE, N-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)-N'-(1-METHYLETHYL)-,MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

PROGUANIL HYDROCHLORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

1-(P-CHLOROPHENYL)-5-ISOPROPYLBIGUANIDE HYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

CHLOROGUANIDE HYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

1-(P-CHLOROPHENYL)-5-ISOPROPYLBIGUANIDE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NCI_THESAURUS

C271