IMIPRAMINE

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C19H24N2
Molecular Weight	280.4073
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CN(C)CCCN1C2=C(CCC3=C1C=CC=C3)C=CC=C2

InChI

InChIKey=BCGWQEUPMDMJNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C19H24N2/c1-20(2)14-7-15-21-18-10-5-3-8-16(18)12-13-17-9-4-6-11-19(17)21/h3-6,8-11H,7,12-15H2,1-2H3

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00458
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/087846s028,087844s027,087845s027lbl.pdf

Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant with general pharmacological properties similar to those of structurally related tricyclic antidepressant drugs such as amitriptyline and doxepin. A tertiary amine, imipramine inhibits the reuptake of serotonin more so than most secondary amine tricyclics, meaning that it blocks the reuptake of neurotransmitters serotonin and noradrenaline almost equally. With chronic use, imipramine also down-regulates cerebral cortical β-adrenergic receptors and sensitizes post-synaptic sertonergic receptors, which also contributes to increased serotonergic transmission. It takes approximately 2 - 4 weeks for antidepressants effects to occur. The onset of action may be longer, up to 8 weeks, in some individuals. It is also effective in migraine prophylaxis, but not in abortion of acute migraine attack. Imipramine works by inhibiting the neuronal reuptake of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin. It binds the sodium-dependent serotonin transporter and sodium-dependent norepinephrine transporter preventing or reducing the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin by nerve cells. Depression has been linked to a lack of stimulation of the post-synaptic neuron by norepinephrine and serotonin. Slowing the reuptake of these neurotransmitters increases their concentration in the synaptic cleft, which is thought to contribute to relieving symptoms of depression. In addition to acutely inhibiting neurotransmitter re-uptake, imipramine causes down-regulation of cerebral cortical beta-adrenergic receptors and sensitization of post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. This leads to enhanced serotonergic transmission. Used for relief of symptoms of depression and as temporary adjunctive therapy in reducing enuresis in children aged 6 years and older. May also be used to manage panic disorders, with or without agoraphobia, as a second line agent in ADHD, management of eating disorders, for short-term management of acute depressive episodes in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, and for symptomatic treatment of postherpetic neuralgia.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Potency
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 31 Target ID: P27169 Gene ID: 5444.0 Gene Symbol: PON1 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23001316	Inhibitor 8146
Norepinephrine transporter 183 Target ID: CHEMBL222 Sources: https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00458	Inhibitor 8146	12.0 nM [Ki]
Serotonin transporter 172 Target ID: CHEMBL228 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18983139	Inhibitor 8146	3.2 nM [Ki]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Depression 232 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/087846s028,087844s027,087845s027lbl.pdf	Primary		Approved 8307	Tofranil Approved Use Tofranil is used for: Treating depression. It is also used in some children to help reduce bedwetting. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. Launch Date 4.5394559E11

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
107 μg/L REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2185906/	130 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 130 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: Desipramine	Desipramine	IMIPRAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
24.5 ng/mL OTHER https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1016/S0009-9236%2897%2990062-X	50 mg single, oral dose: 50 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		IMIPRAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
427 ng × h/mL OTHER https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1016/S0009-9236%2897%2990062-X	50 mg single, oral dose: 50 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		IMIPRAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
12 h REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2185906/	130 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 130 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: Desipramine	Desipramine	IMIPRAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
21.1 h OTHER https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1016/S0009-9236%2897%2990062-X	50 mg single, oral dose: 50 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		IMIPRAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN

F_unbound

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
22% REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2185906/	130 mg 1 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 130 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: Desipramine	Desipramine	IMIPRAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
200 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 200 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 200 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9023787	unhealthy, 18-70 years n = 82 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: major depression \| melancholia Age Group: 18-70 years Population Size: 82 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9023787	Disc. AE: Nausea... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Nausea (1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9023787
25 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341	unhealthy, 42.6 ± 12.4 years n = 59 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: irritable bowel syndrome Age Group: 42.6 ± 12.4 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 59 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341	Disc. AE: Sleep disturbance, Urinary tract signs and symptoms NEC... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Sleep disturbance (3 patients) Urinary tract signs and symptoms NEC (2 patients) Palpitations (2 patients) Anxiety (1 patient) Dry mouth (1 patient) Dizziness (3 patients) Flushing (1 patient) Constipation (1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341
75 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 75 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/017090s078lbl.pdf	unhealthy, < 24 years Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depression Age Group: < 24 years Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/017090s078lbl.pdf	Disc. AE: Suicidal ideation... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Suicidal ideation (grade 5) Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/017090s078lbl.pdf

AEs

AE	Significance	Dose	Population
Nausea	1 patient Disc. AE	200 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 200 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 200 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9023787	unhealthy, 18-70 years n = 82 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: major depression \| melancholia Age Group: 18-70 years Population Size: 82 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9023787
Anxiety	1 patient Disc. AE	25 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341	unhealthy, 42.6 ± 12.4 years n = 59 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: irritable bowel syndrome Age Group: 42.6 ± 12.4 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 59 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341
Constipation	1 patient Disc. AE	25 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341	unhealthy, 42.6 ± 12.4 years n = 59 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: irritable bowel syndrome Age Group: 42.6 ± 12.4 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 59 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341
Dry mouth	1 patient Disc. AE	25 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341	unhealthy, 42.6 ± 12.4 years n = 59 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: irritable bowel syndrome Age Group: 42.6 ± 12.4 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 59 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341
Flushing	1 patient Disc. AE	25 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341	unhealthy, 42.6 ± 12.4 years n = 59 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: irritable bowel syndrome Age Group: 42.6 ± 12.4 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 59 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341
Palpitations	2 patients Disc. AE	25 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341	unhealthy, 42.6 ± 12.4 years n = 59 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: irritable bowel syndrome Age Group: 42.6 ± 12.4 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 59 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341
Urinary tract signs and symptoms NEC	2 patients Disc. AE	25 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341	unhealthy, 42.6 ± 12.4 years n = 59 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: irritable bowel syndrome Age Group: 42.6 ± 12.4 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 59 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341
Dizziness	3 patients Disc. AE	25 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341	unhealthy, 42.6 ± 12.4 years n = 59 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: irritable bowel syndrome Age Group: 42.6 ± 12.4 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 59 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341
Sleep disturbance	3 patients Disc. AE	25 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 25 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341	unhealthy, 42.6 ± 12.4 years n = 59 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: irritable bowel syndrome Age Group: 42.6 ± 12.4 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 59 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19653341
Suicidal ideation	grade 5 Disc. AE	75 mg/day 1 times / day steady, oral (starting) Recommended Dose: 75 mg/day, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 75 mg/day, 1 times / day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/017090s078lbl.pdf	unhealthy, < 24 years Health Status: unhealthy Condition: depression Age Group: < 24 years Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/017090s078lbl.pdf

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
substrate 1670		substrate 1168	inhibitor 1570

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
OCT2 630 OCT3 143 MATE1 302 MATE2 259	CYP2C19 955 CYP1A2 1013 P-gp 1491 UGT2B10 127 UGT1A4 345 UGT1A3 421

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity
OCT2 631	inhibitor 3185 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19002438/	yes [IC50 6 uM]
MATE2 259	inhibitor 3185 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19164462/	yes [Ki 182.9 uM]
MATE1 304	inhibitor 3185 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19164462/	yes [Ki 42 uM]
OCT3 143	inhibitor 3185 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10966924/	yes [Ki 42 uM]

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity
CYP1A2 1013	substrate 3264 Sources: https://academic.oup.com/jat/article/38/6/368/2797982	yes
CYP2C19 955	substrate 3264 Sources: https://academic.oup.com/jat/article/38/6/368/2797982	yes
CYP2D6 1168	substrate 3264 Sources: https://academic.oup.com/jat/article/38/6/368/2797982	yes
CYP3A4 1670	substrate 3264 Sources: https://academic.oup.com/jat/article/38/6/368/2797982	yes
P-gp 1491	substrate 3264 Sources: https://academic.oup.com/ijnp/article/16/10/2259/653065	yes
UGT1A3 421	substrate 3264 Sources: https://sci-hub.do/10.1124/dmd.109.030981	yes
UGT1A4 345	substrate 3264 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20133892/	yes
UGT2B10 127	substrate 3264 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20133892/	yes

Tox targets

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
hERG 1603	inhibitor 1584 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1571643/

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
ChEBI	CHEBI:47499	https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:47499
ChemicalBook	CB1727489	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB1727489
MolPort	MolPort-001-783-692	https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-001-783-692
ZINC	ZINC000000020245	http://zinc15.docking.org/substances/ZINC000000020245

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
The antinicotinic effects of drugs with clinically useful sedative-antianxiety properties.	1975	1803
[Behavior pharmacology of maprotiline, a new antidepressant].	1975 Nov	1240830
Biphasic effects of imipramine in experimental models of epilepsy.	1976 Jun	181243
Pediatric cardiovascular effects of imipramine and desipramine.	1991 Jan	2005043
Painful ejaculation associated with antidepressants in four patients.	1991 Nov	1744063
Lithium and calcium channel blockers: possible neurotoxicity.	1991 Sep 15	1932412
[Clinical-pharmacological case report: drug-induced inappropriate ADH secretion].	1992 Nov 17	1448636
[Evaluation of analgesic action of fluvoxamine compared with efficacy of imipramine and tramadol for treatment of sciatica--open trial].	2002	12043315
Effect of fluoxetine and imipramine on the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of the antipsychotic quetiapine.	2002 Apr	11910263
Adverse pulmonary vascular effects of high dose tricyclic antidepressants: acute and chronic animal studies.	2002 Aug	12212966
Phenelzine treatment increases transcription factor AP-2 levels in rat brain.	2003 Aug 28	12943557
Prescription of QT-prolonging drugs in a cohort of about 5 million outpatients.	2003 Feb 1	12586234
N-glucuronidation of nicotine and cotinine by human liver microsomes and heterologously expressed UDP-glucuronosyltransferases.	2003 Nov	14570768
Glutathione S-transferase pi as a target for tricyclic antidepressants in human brain.	2004	15094841
[Hypnotherapy in the treatment of refractory nocturnal enuresis].	2004 Feb 19	14983195
Validation of a [3H]astemizole binding assay in HEK293 cells expressing HERG K+ channels.	2004 Jul	15272206
Three year naturalistic outcome study of panic disorder patients treated with paroxetine.	2004 Jun 11	15191617
Eugenol exhibits antidepressant-like activity in mice and induces expression of metallothionein-III in the hippocampus.	2004 Jun 18	15157811
Influence of St John's wort on catecholamine turnover and cardiovascular regulation in humans.	2004 Nov	15536462
Evaluation of fresh and cryopreserved hepatocytes as in vitro drug metabolism tools for the prediction of metabolic clearance.	2004 Nov	15286053
Mechanism of block of hEag1 K+ channels by imipramine and astemizole.	2004 Oct	15365094
[Cardiac arrhythmia in amitriptyline poisoning in children].	2005 Apr-Jun	16607780
A toxicogenomic approach to drug-induced phospholipidosis: analysis of its induction mechanism and establishment of a novel in vitro screening system.	2005 Feb	15342952
Improved pharmacodynamics of timolol maleate from a mucoadhesive niosomal ophthalmic drug delivery system.	2005 Feb 16	15664141
[Influence of chronic melipramine administration abolition on locomotion and defensive conditioned reflexes in passive and active avoidance in rats].	2005 Jan-Feb	15828425
Roles for C16-ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate in regulating hepatocyte apoptosis in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	2005 Jul 29	15946935
Prediction of genotoxicity of chemical compounds by statistical learning methods.	2005 Jun	15962942
Organophosphorothionate pesticides inhibit the bioactivation of imipramine by human hepatic cytochrome P450s.	2005 Jun 15	15922009
QTc prolongation associated with combination therapy of levofloxacin, imipramine, and fluoxetine.	2005 Mar	15687478
Exacerbation of harmaline-induced tremor by imipramine.	2005 May	15894058
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A4 polymorphisms in a Japanese population and kinetics of clozapine glucuronidation.	2005 May	15708967
[Treatment of anxiety syndrome. A systematic literature review. Summary and conclusions by the SBU].	2005 Nov 21-27	16408394
The role of serendipity in drug discovery.	2006	17117615
Induction of neuroserpin expression in rat frontal cortex after chronic antidepressant treatment and electroconvulsive treatment.	2006 Feb	16637596
[Lack of antidepresant-like activity of some ligands of polyamine binding sites of NMDA receptors in models of depression].	2006 Jan-Feb	16579050
[Trazodone for the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Alzheimer's disease: a retrospective study focused on the aggression and negativism in caregiving situations].	2006 Jun	16856516
Frequency of high-risk use of QT-prolonging medications.	2006 Jun	16178046
Antidepressant drugs activate SREBP and up-regulate cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis in human glial cells.	2006 Mar 13	16324787
Molecular identification and functional characterization of rat multidrug and toxin extrusion type transporter 1 as an organic cation/H+ antiporter in the kidney.	2006 Nov	16928787
Mechanism of imipramine-induced seizures in amygdala-kindled rats.	2006 Nov	16914292
Recurrence of dilated cardiomyopathy after re-introduction of a tricyclic antidepressant.	2006 Oct	17100146
[Chemico-toxicological analysis of haloperidol in blood with high-performance liquid chromatography in combined poisoning].	2007 May-Jun	17598448
Gene expression profiling in rat liver treated with compounds inducing phospholipidosis.	2008 Jun 15	18355885
Community-based randomised controlled trial evaluating falls and osteoporosis risk management strategies.	2008 Nov 4	18983670
Sub-chronic administration of rimonabant causes loss of antidepressive activity and decreases doublecortin immunoreactivity in the mouse hippocampus.	2009 Dec 25	19819298
Suppressive effect of imipramine on vincristine-induced mechanical allodynia in mice.	2009 Jul	19571391
Behavioral changes in rats induced by a dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor methionyl-2(S)-cyanopyrrolidine: experimental model of anxiety-depression disorder.	2009 Mar	19529845
Neurogenesis-dependent and -independent effects of fluoxetine in an animal model of anxiety/depression.	2009 May 28	19477151
A new homogeneous high-throughput screening assay for profiling compound activity on the human ether-a-go-go-related gene channel.	2009 Nov 1	19583963
Imipramine enhances cell proliferation and decreases neurodegeneration in the hippocampus after transient global cerebral ischemia in rats.	2010 Feb 5	20036317

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Usual Adult Dose for Depression Tablets: Initial dose: 100 mg orally per day Maintenance dose: 100 to 200 mg orally per day (If no response after 2 weeks, increase to 250 to 300 mg per day) Maximum dose: 300 mg orally per day

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

The inhibition percentage of human PON1 for imipramine was 15.6% at 100 ug/L after incubation for 1 h). At 350 ug/L, the inhibition percentage for imipramine 19.2% after 1 h and 20.2% after 2 h.

Name

Type

Language

IMIPRAMINE

Official Name

English

MELIPRAMINE

Common Name

English

IMIPRAMINE [HSDB]

Common Name

English

CLOMIPRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

SERMONIL

Common Name

English

IMIPRAMINE [MI]

Common Name

English

imipramine [INN]

Common Name

English

IMIPRAMINE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

CRISTALIA

Common Name

English

TRIMIPRAMINE MALEATE IMPURITY D [EP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

5-(3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL)-10,11-DIHYDRO-5H-DIBENZ(B,F)AZEPINE

Systematic Name

English

N-(.GAMMA.-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL)IMINODIBENZYL

Common Name

English

BERKOMINE

Common Name

English

ORG-2463

Code

English

IMIPRAMINE [MART.]

Common Name

English

ANTIDEPRIN

Common Name

English

5H-DIBENZ(B,F)AZEPINE-5-PROPANAMINE, 10,11-DIHYDRO-N,N-DIMETHYL-

Systematic Name

English

NSC-169866

Code

English

TRIMIPRAMINE MALEATE IMPURITY, IMIPRAMINE- [USP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

Imipramine [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-VATC

QN06AA02