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Description
Curator's Comment: The description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21893226 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20014777 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21862726 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21030469

Farnesol, (2E,6E)- is an isoprenoid found in many aromatic plants and is also produced in humans, where it acts on numerous nuclear receptors and has received considerable attention due to its apparent anticancer properties. Farnesol is present in many essential oils such as citronella, neroli, cyclamen, lemon grass, tuberose, rose, musk, balsam, and tolu. It is used in perfumery to emphasize the odors of sweet floral perfumes. Its method of action for enhancing perfume scent is as a co-solvent that regulates the volatility of the odorants. It is especially used in lilac perfumes. Farnesol is a natural pesticide for mites and is a pheromone for several other insects. In a 1994 report released by five top cigarette companies, farnesol was listed as one of 599 additives to cigarettes. Farnesol has been suggested to function as a chemopreventative and anti-tumor agent. Farnesol is subject to restrictions on its use in perfumery as some people may become sensitized to it, however, the evidence that farnesol can cause an allergic reaction in humans is disputed.

Originator

Sources: Chemistry & Industry (London, United Kingdom) (1961), 1907-8

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
81.4 µM [IC50]
47.0 µM [IC50]
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Farnesol stimulates differentiation in epidermal keratinocytes via PPARalpha.
2000 Apr 14
The mevalonate/isoprenoid pathway inhibitor apomine (SR-45023A) is antiproliferative and induces apoptosis similar to farnesol.
2000 Apr 2
Lysine beta311 of protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I partially replaces magnesium.
2004 Jul 16
Modulation of hepatic and renal drug metabolizing enzyme activities in rats by subchronic administration of farnesol.
2005 Apr 15
Cytochrome P450 expression and activities in human tongue cells and their modulation by green tea extract.
2005 Jan 15
Biologically active fluorescent farnesol analogs.
2005 Jun
In vitro synergistic effect of farnesol and human gingival cells against Candida albicans.
2006 Jul 15
Farnesol, a mevalonate pathway intermediate, stimulates MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth through farnesoid-X-receptor-mediated estrogen receptor activation.
2008 Jan
Patents

Sample Use Guides

mice were maintained for 5 wk on adiet containing 0.25%, 0.5% farnesol
Route of Administration: Oral
The ER-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and MDAMB-231 breast carcinoma cells (ATCC HTB-26) lacking ER expression were used for activity evaluation. Cells were cultured at 37C in a humidified 95% air and 5% CO2 atmosphere. One day after seeding, the culture medium was replaced by fresh SFM containing farnesol (10-200mkM, MP Biomedicals, Aurora, OH), 17b-estradiol (Sigma, St Louis, MO), 4-hydroxytamoxifen (Sigma, St Louis, MO), the raloxifen analog LY 117,018 (a gift from Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, IN), fulvestrant (ICI 182,780, Tocris, Bristol, UK), ibandronate (a gift from Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland), mevastatin (Sigma, St Louis, MO), or vehicle. Cells were treated for 1–3 days, with drugs alone or in combinations. The FXR activator farnesol, a mevalonate pathway intermediate, exerts a mitogenic effect on MCF-7 cells.
Name Type Language
FARNESOL
FCC   FHFI   HSDB   INCI   MI  
INCI  
Official Name English
NSC-60597
Code English
FARNESYL ALCOHOL
Common Name English
FCI-119A
Code English
FARNESOL [MI]
Common Name English
FEMA NO. 2478
Code English
NIKKOSOME
Common Name English
FARNESOL [FCC]
Common Name English
FARNESOL [FHFI]
Common Name English
FARNESOL [HSDB]
Common Name English
FARNESOL [INCI]
Common Name English
3,7,11-TRIMETHYL-2,6,10-DODECATRIEN-1-OL
Common Name English
2,6,10-DODECATRIEN-1-OL, 3,7,11-TRIMETHYL-
Common Name English
TRIMETHYL DODECATRIENOL
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
EC SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON CONSUMER SAFETY OPINION SCCS/1459/11
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
EPA PESTICIDE CODE 128910
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
JECFA EVALUATION FARNESOL
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
CFR 21 CFR 172.515
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
Code System Code Type Description
CHEBI
42680
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID3032389
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PRIMARY
DAILYMED
EB41QIU6JL
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
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DRUG BANK
DB02509
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PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB169860
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PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m5245
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PRIMARY Merck Index
RXCUI
1362903
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PRIMARY RxNorm
FDA UNII
EB41QIU6JL
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PRIMARY
HSDB
445
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PRIMARY
CHEBI
28600
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
225-004-1
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PRIMARY
CAS
4602-84-0
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
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JECFA MONOGRAPH
1239
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NSC
60597
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
MESH
D005204
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
FARNESOL
Created by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Sat Dec 16 20:01:21 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
Definition References