Details
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Molecular Formula | C17H18N2O6.ClH |
| Molecular Weight | 382.796 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
Cl.COC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C1C2=CC=CC=C2[N+]([O-])=O)C(=O)OC
InChI
InChIKey=ISQGFMPRCDAJRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C17H18N2O6.ClH/c1-9-13(16(20)24-3)15(14(10(2)18-9)17(21)25-4)11-7-5-6-8-12(11)19(22)23;/h5-8,15,18H,1-4H3;1H
DescriptionSources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01115Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/020198s023lbl.pdf
Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01115
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/020198s023lbl.pdf
Nifedipine has been formulated as both a long- and short-acting 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. Nifedipine is sold under the brand names Adalat and Procardia among others. Nifedipine decreases arterial smooth muscle contractility and subsequent vasoconstriction by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions through L-type calcium channels. Calcium ions entering the cell through these channels bind to calmodulin. Calcium-bound calmodulin then binds to and activates myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). Activated MLCK catalyzes the phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain subunit of myosin, a key step in muscle contraction. Signal amplification is achieved by calcium-induced calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through ryanodine receptors. Inhibition of the initial influx of calcium inhibits the contractile processes of smooth muscle cells, causing dilation of the coronary and systemic arteries, increased oxygen delivery to the myocardial tissue, decreased total peripheral resistance, decreased systemic blood pressure, and decreased afterload. The vasodilatory effects of nifedipine result in an overall decrease in blood pressure. Nifedipine is used for the management of vasospastic angina, chronic stable angina, hypertension, and Raynaud's phenomenon. May be used as a first line agent for left ventricular hypertrophy and isolated systolic hypertension (long-acting agents).
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL2095229 |
2.0 µM [IC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL1940 |
1.0 nM [Ki] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL1075226 |
37.5 µM [IC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL340 |
7.8 µM [IC50] | ||
Target ID: Cholangiocarcinoma, Mz-ChA-1, human |
15.0 µM [IC50] |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | PROCARDIA Approved UseI. Vasospastic Angina
PROCARDIA (nifedipine) is indicated for the management of vasospastic angina confirmed by
any of the following criteria: 1) classical pattern of angina at rest accompanied by ST segment
elevation, 2) angina or coronary artery spasm provoked by ergonovine, or 3) angiographically
demonstrated coronary artery spasm. In those patients who have had angiography, the presence of
significant fixed obstructive disease is not incompatible with the diagnosis of vasospastic angina,
provided that the above criteria are satisfied. PROCARDIA may also be used where the clinical
presentation suggests a possible vasospastic component but where vasospasm has not been
confirmed, e.g., where pain has a variable threshold on exertion or when angina is refractory to
nitrates and/or adequate doses of beta blockers.
II. Chronic Stable Angina
(Classical Effort-Associated Angina)
PROCARDIA is indicated for the management of chronic stable angina (effort-associated
angina) without evidence of vasospasm in patients who remain symptomatic despite adequate
doses of beta blockers and/or organic nitrates or who cannot tolerate those agents. Launch Date3.78518405E11 |
|||
| Primary | PROCARDIA Approved UseI. Vasospastic Angina
PROCARDIA (nifedipine) is indicated for the management of vasospastic angina confirmed by
any of the following criteria: 1) classical pattern of angina at rest accompanied by ST segment
elevation, 2) angina or coronary artery spasm provoked by ergonovine, or 3) angiographically
demonstrated coronary artery spasm. In those patients who have had angiography, the presence of
significant fixed obstructive disease is not incompatible with the diagnosis of vasospastic angina,
provided that the above criteria are satisfied. PROCARDIA may also be used where the clinical
presentation suggests a possible vasospastic component but where vasospasm has not been
confirmed, e.g., where pain has a variable threshold on exertion or when angina is refractory to
nitrates and/or adequate doses of beta blockers.
II. Chronic Stable Angina
(Classical Effort-Associated Angina)
PROCARDIA is indicated for the management of chronic stable angina (effort-associated
angina) without evidence of vasospasm in patients who remain symptomatic despite adequate
doses of beta blockers and/or organic nitrates or who cannot tolerate those agents. Launch Date3.78518405E11 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
78.5 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3609112/ |
10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NIFEDIPINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
148 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3609112/ |
10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NIFEDIPINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2.2 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3609112/ |
10 mg single, oral dose: 10 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
NIFEDIPINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
Funbound
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
8% |
unknown |
NIFEDIPINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
90 mg single, oral Overdose |
healthy, 2 years n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 2 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Tachycardia, Hyperglycemia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Tachycardia (grade 5, 1 patient) Sources: Hyperglycemia (grade 5, 1 patient) |
200 mg single, oral Overdose Dose: 200 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 200 mg Co-administed with:: ethanol Sources: |
healthy, 34 years n = 1 Health Status: healthy Condition: suicide attempt Age Group: 34 years Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Hypotension, Acidosis... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hypotension (1 patient) Sources: Acidosis (1 patient) Hyperglycemia (1 patient) |
2400 mg single, oral Overdose Dose: 2400 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 2400 mg Co-administed with:: ethanol Sources: |
unknown, 37 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 37 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Intestinal infarction... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Intestinal infarction (1 patient) Sources: |
300 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 54 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Condition: attempt to commit suicide Age Group: 54 years Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Reflex tachycardia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Reflex tachycardia (1 patient) Sources: |
600 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 57 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 57 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Hypotension, Tachycardia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hypotension (1 patient) Sources: Tachycardia (1 patient) Flushing (1 patient) |
900 mg single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 59 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: with a history of angina, left bundle branch block, and depression Age Group: 59 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Hypotension, Hyperglycemia... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Hypotension (grade 4, 1 patient) Sources: Hyperglycemia (1 patient) |
180 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 180 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 180 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 1000 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: hypertension and angina Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Population Size: 1000 Sources: |
DLT: Edema... Dose limiting toxicities: Edema (30%) Sources: |
30 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, mean 33.3 years n = 25 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: delivered at ≥32 weeks' gestation with persistent postpartum hypertension Age Group: mean 33.3 years Sex: F Population Size: 25 Sources: |
Disc. AE: Nausea, Vomiting... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Nausea (1 patient) Sources: Vomiting (1 patient) Headache (1 patient) |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hyperglycemia | grade 5, 1 patient Disc. AE |
90 mg single, oral Overdose |
healthy, 2 years n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 2 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Tachycardia | grade 5, 1 patient Disc. AE |
90 mg single, oral Overdose |
healthy, 2 years n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 2 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Acidosis | 1 patient Disc. AE |
200 mg single, oral Overdose Dose: 200 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 200 mg Co-administed with:: ethanol Sources: |
healthy, 34 years n = 1 Health Status: healthy Condition: suicide attempt Age Group: 34 years Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Hyperglycemia | 1 patient Disc. AE |
200 mg single, oral Overdose Dose: 200 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 200 mg Co-administed with:: ethanol Sources: |
healthy, 34 years n = 1 Health Status: healthy Condition: suicide attempt Age Group: 34 years Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Hypotension | 1 patient Disc. AE |
200 mg single, oral Overdose Dose: 200 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 200 mg Co-administed with:: ethanol Sources: |
healthy, 34 years n = 1 Health Status: healthy Condition: suicide attempt Age Group: 34 years Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Intestinal infarction | 1 patient Disc. AE |
2400 mg single, oral Overdose Dose: 2400 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 2400 mg Co-administed with:: ethanol Sources: |
unknown, 37 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 37 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Reflex tachycardia | 1 patient Disc. AE |
300 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 54 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Condition: attempt to commit suicide Age Group: 54 years Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Flushing | 1 patient Disc. AE |
600 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 57 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 57 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Hypotension | 1 patient Disc. AE |
600 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 57 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 57 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Tachycardia | 1 patient Disc. AE |
600 mg single, oral Overdose |
unknown, 57 years n = 1 Health Status: unknown Age Group: 57 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Hyperglycemia | 1 patient Disc. AE |
900 mg single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 59 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: with a history of angina, left bundle branch block, and depression Age Group: 59 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Hypotension | grade 4, 1 patient Disc. AE |
900 mg single, oral Overdose |
unhealthy, 59 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: with a history of angina, left bundle branch block, and depression Age Group: 59 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: |
| Edema | 30% DLT |
180 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 180 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 180 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 1000 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: hypertension and angina Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Population Size: 1000 Sources: |
| Headache | 1 patient Disc. AE |
30 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, mean 33.3 years n = 25 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: delivered at ≥32 weeks' gestation with persistent postpartum hypertension Age Group: mean 33.3 years Sex: F Population Size: 25 Sources: |
| Nausea | 1 patient Disc. AE |
30 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, mean 33.3 years n = 25 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: delivered at ≥32 weeks' gestation with persistent postpartum hypertension Age Group: mean 33.3 years Sex: F Population Size: 25 Sources: |
| Vomiting | 1 patient Disc. AE |
30 mg 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 30 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, mean 33.3 years n = 25 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: delivered at ≥32 weeks' gestation with persistent postpartum hypertension Age Group: mean 33.3 years Sex: F Population Size: 25 Sources: |
Overview
| CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
|---|---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
| Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| moderate | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| no | ||||
| weak [IC50 186 uM] | ||||
| weak [IC50 472 uM] | ||||
| weak | ||||
| weak | ||||
| yes | ||||
| yes | ||||
| yes | ||||
| yes | ||||
| yes | ||||
| yes | ||||
| yes |
Drug as victim
| Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| major | yes (co-administration study) Comment: [ADALAT® XL®PRODUCT MONOGRAPH]: Use of ADALAT XL with drugs that result in strong inhibition of CYP 3A4, such as ketoconazole, clarithromycin, ritonavir, may lead to increased plasma levels of nifedipine and associated serious adverse events. Such concomitant use should be avoided. |
|||
| minor | ||||
| no |
Tox targets
| Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| [Nifedipine prolongs a neuromuscular blockade caused by atracurium]. | 1992 |
|
| Nerve growth factor-stimulated calcium uptake into PC12 cells: uniqueness of the channel and evidence for phosphorylation. | 1992 Apr |
|
| Effect of different convulsants on calmodulin levels and proto-oncogene c-fos expression in the central nervous system. | 1992 Aug |
|
| [The effect of hypotensive nifedipine therapy on renal secretory function in hypertensive patients in the course of both compensated and non-compensated chronic renal failure]. | 1992 Dec 7-14 |
|
| [Sexual impotence caused by nifedipine]. | 1992 Jan 18 |
|
| The calcium channel antagonist nifedipine causes confusion when used to treat opiate withdrawal in morphine-dependent patients. | 1992 Nov |
|
| A randomized prospective comparison of nifedipine and bed rest versus bed rest alone in the management of preeclampsia remote from term. | 1992 Oct |
|
| Lindane-induced convulsions in NMRI and OF1 mice: antagonism with (+)MK-801 and voltage-dependent calcium channel blockers. | 1992 Oct 16 |
|
| Cortical blindness after nifedipine treatment. | 1992 Sep 19 |
|
| The drug efflux pump MRP2: regulation of expression in physiopathological situations and by endogenous and exogenous compounds. | 2002 |
|
| Oxidative stress and TGFbeta in kidney-transplanted patients with cyclosporin-induced hypertension. Effect of carvedilol and nifedipine. | 2002 Aug |
|
| High-throughput measurement of the Tp53 response to anticancer drugs and random compounds using a stably integrated Tp53-responsive luciferase reporter. | 2002 Jun |
|
| Depression--an adverse event with nifedipine. | 2002 Nov |
|
| Symptomatic orthostasis with extended-release nifedipine and protease inhibitors. | 2002 Oct |
|
| The nuclear pregnane X receptor: a key regulator of xenobiotic metabolism. | 2002 Oct |
|
| In vitro inhibitory effect of 1-aminobenzotriazole on drug oxidations catalyzed by human cytochrome P450 enzymes: a comparison with SKF-525A and ketoconazole. | 2003 |
|
| Nifedipine inhibits apoptotic cell death of cultured endothelial cells induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. | 2003 |
|
| [Pathogenetic basis of the application of calcium antagonists in the treatment of recurrent peptic ulcer]. | 2003 |
|
| Vasodilator agents protect against indinavir nephrotoxicity. | 2003 Aug |
|
| [Drug induced anosmia with nifedipine]. | 2003 Aug 23 |
|
| Requirement of calcium and phosphate ions in expression of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 2 and osteopontin in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. | 2003 Jun 17 |
|
| ETA receptor-mediated Ca2+ mobilisation in H9c2 cardiac cells. | 2003 Mar 1 |
|
| An in vitro bioassay for xenobiotics using the SXR-driven human CYP3A4/lacZ reporter gene. | 2003 May-Jun |
|
| Inhibitory effects of carvedilol on calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. | 2003 Nov |
|
| Induction of ABCC3 (MRP3) by pregnane X receptor activators. | 2003 Nov |
|
| Fatality from administration of labetalol and crushed extended-release nifedipine. | 2003 Oct |
|
| Clinical review: the management of hypertensive crises. | 2003 Oct |
|
| Protection of blood-brain barrier breakdown by nifedipine in adrenaline-induced acute hypertension. | 2004 Apr |
|
| Sertoli cell modulates MAA-induced apoptosis of germ cells throughout voltage-operated calcium channels. | 2004 Feb |
|
| The CACNA1F gene encodes an L-type calcium channel with unique biophysical properties and tissue distribution. | 2004 Feb 18 |
|
| Comparison of the effects of a 7-day period of non-compliance on blood pressure control using three different antihypertensive agents. | 2004 Jul |
|
| Proliferation of cultured human gingival fibroblasts caused by isradipine, a dihydropyridine-derivative calcium antagonist. | 2004 Jun 30 |
|
| The effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on cell cycle in human gingival fibroblasts from nifedipine responder and non-responder. | 2004 Mar |
|
| Adverse events associated with aggressive treatment of increased blood pressure. | 2004 May |
|
| Comparison of once-daily nifedipine controlled-release with twice-daily nifedipine retard in the treatment of essential hypertension. | 2004 May |
|
| The solubilization of the poorly water soluble drug nifedipine by water soluble 4-sulphonic calix[n]arenes. | 2004 Nov |
|
| Evaluation of fresh and cryopreserved hepatocytes as in vitro drug metabolism tools for the prediction of metabolic clearance. | 2004 Nov |
|
| Effect of nifedipine on endothelial function in normotensive smokers: potential contribution of increase in circulating hepatocyte growth factor. | 2004 Oct |
|
| The effect of PAMAM dendrimer generation size and surface functional group on the aqueous solubility of nifedipine. | 2004 Oct 13 |
|
| Xenoestrogens at picomolar to nanomolar concentrations trigger membrane estrogen receptor-alpha-mediated Ca2+ fluxes and prolactin release in GH3/B6 pituitary tumor cells. | 2005 Apr |
|
| Grapefruit juice-nifedipine interaction: possible involvement of several mechanisms. | 2005 Apr |
|
| Recombinant CYP3A4*17 is defective in metabolizing the hypertensive drug nifedipine, and the CYP3A4*17 allele may occur on the same chromosome as CYP3A5*3, representing a new putative defective CYP3A haplotype. | 2005 Apr |
|
| Examination of 209 drugs for inhibition of cytochrome P450 2C8. | 2005 Jan |
|
| Ventricular arrhythmia following short-acting nifedipine administration. | 2005 Jul |
|
| CYP3A4 substrate selection and substitution in the prediction of potential drug-drug interactions. | 2005 Jul |
|
| The effect of IL-1alpha and nifedipine on cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in cultured human gingival fibroblasts. | 2005 Jun |
|
| Prediction of genotoxicity of chemical compounds by statistical learning methods. | 2005 Jun |
|
| Isolation of CYP3A4 Inhibitors from the Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa). | 2005 Jun |
|
| Nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system--hypertension management to improve cardiovascular outcomes. | 2005 Sep |
|
| Quantitative PCR assay for cytochromes P450 2B and 3A induction in rat precision-cut liver slices: correlation study with induction in vivo. | 2005 Sep-Oct |
Sample Use Guides
Therapy should be initiated with the 10 mg capsule. The starting dose is one 10 mg capsule, swallowed whole, 3 times/day. The usual effective dose range is 10–20 mg three times daily. Some patients, especially those with evidence of coronary artery spasm, respond only to higher doses, more frequent administration, or both. In such patients, doses of 20–30 mg three or four
times daily may be effective. Doses above 120 mg daily are rarely necessary. More than 180 mg per day is not recommended.
Route of Administration:
Oral
| Name | Type | Language | ||
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Common Name | English | ||
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Brand Name | English | ||
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Systematic Name | English |
| Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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60299-11-8
Created by
admin on Fri Dec 15 19:39:25 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 19:39:25 UTC 2023
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63011
Created by
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9626V3KSPM
Created by
admin on Fri Dec 15 19:39:25 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 19:39:25 UTC 2023
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DTXSID90209045
Created by
admin on Fri Dec 15 19:39:25 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 19:39:25 UTC 2023
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262-148-4
Created by
admin on Fri Dec 15 19:39:25 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 19:39:25 UTC 2023
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PRIMARY |
ACTIVE MOIETY
SUBSTANCE RECORD
