Details
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Molecular Formula | C42H69O11.Na |
Molecular Weight | 772.9804 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Defined Stereocenters | 18 / 18 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[Na+].[H][C@@]1(CC[C@H](C)[C@@]([H])(O1)[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](CC)[C@@]2([H])O[C@@]3(O[C@@]4(CC[C@](C)(O4)[C@@]5([H])CC[C@](O)(CC)[C@H](C)O5)[C@H](O)C=C3)[C@H](C)C[C@@H]2C)[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O
InChI
InChIKey=YPZYGIQXBGHDBH-UZHRAPRISA-M
InChI=1S/C42H70O11.Na/c1-11-29(38(46)47)31-15-14-23(4)36(50-31)27(8)34(44)26(7)35(45)30(12-2)37-24(5)22-25(6)41(51-37)19-16-32(43)42(53-41)21-20-39(10,52-42)33-17-18-40(48,13-3)28(9)49-33;/h16,19,23-34,36-37,43-44,48H,11-15,17-18,20-22H2,1-10H3,(H,46,47);/q;+1/p-1/t23-,24-,25+,26-,27-,28-,29+,30-,31+,32+,33+,34+,36+,37-,39-,40+,41-,42-;/m0./s1
DescriptionSources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27058891http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4670/epdfCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23517602 | http://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/binaries/intp1069_SACOX_tcm96-86731.pdf
Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27058891http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4670/epdf
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23517602 | http://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/binaries/intp1069_SACOX_tcm96-86731.pdf
Salinomycin Sodium is active against certain Gram-positive bacteria, while Gram-negative species are resistant. The use of Salinomycin Sodium as a feed additive at the proposed concentration is unlikely to increase shedding of Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Campylobacter or to induce resistance and cross-resistance to antimicrobials important in human and animal therapy. Salinomycin Sodium is safe for chickens for fattening at a concentration of 70 mg/kg complete feed with a margin of safety of 1.7. For chickens reared for laying, 50 mg Salinomycin Sodium /kg complete feed is considered safe for a feeding period of the first 12 weeks of life; a margin of safety cannot be given. The simultaneous use of Salinomycin Sodium and certain antibiotic drugs (e.g. tiamulin) is contraindicated. Salinomycin Sodium is absorbed to a certain extent in the chicken and extensively metabolized. Unchanged Salinomycin Sodium represents a very small fraction of the metabolites in tissue and excreta. Many metabolites, predominantly mono- and multi-hydroxylated, have been identified in tissues and excreta. The metabolites in excreta showed a higher degree of hydroxylation than in the liver. Salinomycin -related metabolites have a reduced ionophoric activity when compared with Salinomycin. Salinomycin is considered the MR; ratios of MR to total residue are available for all relevant tissues for 1 and 6 h withdrawal. No residues eggs are expected provided that the proposed maximum dose and duration of administration are respected.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2095186 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929429 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL279 Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27058891 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Curative | Sacox Approved UseUnknown |
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Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27058891 |
Primary | Unknown Approved UseUnknown |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Use of anticoccidial drugs in broiler chickens in the USA: analysis for the years 1995 to 1999. | 2001 May |
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LC/MS confirmation of ionophores in animal feeds. | 2001 May-Jun |
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Recovery of injured adrenal medulla by differentiation of pre-existing undifferentiated chromaffin cells. | 2002 Mar-Apr |
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[Effects of veterinary drugs on beta-hexosaminidase release from rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-2H3)]. | 2002 Oct |
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Fragmentation study of salinomycin and monensin A antibiotics using electrospray quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | 2003 |
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Antimicrobial growth promoters and Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. in poultry and swine, Denmark. | 2003 Apr |
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Resistance to anticoccidial drugs of Dutch avian Eimeria spp. field isolates originating from 1996, 1999 and 2001. | 2003 Aug |
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Growth enhancement in broiler chickens receiving CHEMEQRTM polymeric antimicrobial. | 2003 Dec |
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LC determination of salinomycin in fermentation broths and premixes. | 2003 Feb 26 |
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Pancreatic lipase activity as influenced by unconjugated bile acids and pH, measured in vitro and in vivo. | 2003 May |
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Comparison of microwave assisted extraction with conventional (homogenization, vortexing) for the determination of incurred salinomycin in chicken eggs and tissues. | 2004 |
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[Inhibitory effect of zinc on beta-hexosaminidase release from RBL-2H3 cells by synthetic chemicals]. | 2004 Apr |
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Further characterization of porcine Brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates with decreased susceptibility to tiamulin. | 2004 Apr |
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Inhibition of resistance plasmid transfer in Escherichia coli by ionophores, chlortetracycline, bacitracin, and ionophore/antimicrobial combinations. | 2004 Apr-Jun |
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Efficient and sensitive detection of residues of nine coccidiostats in egg and muscle by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. | 2004 Dec 25 |
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Susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens strains from broiler chickens to antibiotics and anticoccidials. | 2004 Feb |
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An unaddressed issue of agricultural terrorism: a case study on feed security. | 2004 Nov |
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Development of multiclass methods for drug residues in eggs: silica SPE cleanup and LC-MS/MS analysis of ionophore and macrolide residues. | 2004 Nov 17 |
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Tiamulin resistance in porcine Brachyspira pilosicoli isolates. | 2006 Feb |
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Stereoselective synthesis of the western hemisphere of salinomycin. | 2006 Feb 2 |
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Microbial community composition of the ileum and cecum of broiler chickens as revealed by molecular and culture-based techniques. | 2006 Jul |
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Elimination of macrolides, tiamulin, and salinomycin during manure storage. | 2006 Jul |
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Persistence of antibiotics such as macrolides, tiamulin and salinomycin in soil. | 2006 Oct |
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[The effect of betain on biology and morphology of developmental stages of Eimeria acervulina in broiler chicks experimentally infected]. | 2006 Oct-Dec |
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Determination of monensin, narasin, and salinomycin in mineral premixes, supplements, and animal feeds by liquid chromatography and post-column derivatization: collaborative study. | 2006 Sep-Oct |
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Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric assays for salinomycin in mouse plasma, liver, brain and small intestinal contents and in OptiMEM cell culture medium. | 2007 Aug 15 |
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Salinomycin toxicosis in horses. | 2007 Jun 15 |
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Characterization of Streptomyces spp. isolated from the sea surface microlayer in the Trondheim Fjord, Norway. | 2008 |
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Determination of ionophore coccidiostats in feedingstuffs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Part I. Application to targeted feed. | 2008 Aug 5 |
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Compatibility of a combination of tiamulin and chlortetracycline with salinomycin in feed during a pulsed medication program coadministration in broilers. | 2008 Dec |
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Pharmacological evaluation of contractile activity of the dog heartworm Dirofilaria immitis. | 2008 Mar |
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Occurrence and elimination of antibiotics at four sewage treatment plants in Japan and their effects on bacterial ammonia oxidation. | 2009 |
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Disruption of a mitochondrial MutS DNA repair enzyme homologue confers drug resistance in the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. | 2009 Apr |
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Synergistic fungicidal activities of polymyxin B and ionophores, and their dependence on direct disruptive action of polymyxin B on fungal vacuole. | 2009 Feb |
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Effects of salinomycin on cell-mediated immunity of broiler chickens against hydropericardium syndrome and Newcastle disease viruses. | 2009 Jan |
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Role of sgcR3 in positive regulation of enediyne antibiotic C-1027 production of Streptomyces globisporus C-1027. | 2009 Jan 22 |
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Dietary supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharide enhances neonatal immune responses in chickens during natural exposure to Eimeria spp. | 2009 Mar 19 |
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Fast liquid chromatography/multiple-stage mass spectrometry of coccidiostats. | 2009 May |
Sample Use Guides
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27058891
Salinomycin (Sal) could directly reduce the cell viability and induce apoptosis in SGC-7901 cancer cells in vitro. Sal inhibited constitutive STAT3 activation by blocking its DNA binding and reduced various gene products including Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and VEGF both at mRNA and protein levels
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PARENT (SALT/SOLVATE)
SUBSTANCE RECORD