Details
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Molecular Formula | C26H36O3 |
Molecular Weight | 396.5622 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Defined Stereocenters | 5 / 5 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CC[C@H](OC(=O)CCC3CCCC3)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@]4([H])C5=C(CC[C@@]24[H])C=C(O)C=C5
InChI
InChIKey=UOACKFBJUYNSLK-XRKIENNPSA-N
InChI=1S/C26H36O3/c1-26-15-14-21-20-10-8-19(27)16-18(20)7-9-22(21)23(26)11-12-24(26)29-25(28)13-6-17-4-2-3-5-17/h8,10,16-17,21-24,27H,2-7,9,11-15H2,1H3/t21-,22-,23+,24+,26+/m1/s1
DescriptionSources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11250930https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/222757http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00783Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/020375s027lbl.pdf
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11250930https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/222757http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00783
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/020375s027lbl.pdf
Estradiol an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids. In humans, it is produced primarily by the cyclic ovaries and the placenta. It is also produced by the adipose tissue of men and postmenopausal women. The 17-alpha-isomer of estradiol binds weakly to estrogen receptors (receptors, estrogen) and exhibits little estrogenic activity in estrogen-responsive tissues. Estradiol enters target cells freely (e.g., female organs, breasts, hypothalamus, pituitary) and interacts with a target cell receptor. When the estrogen receptor has bound its ligand it can enter the nucleus of the target cell, and regulate gene transcription which leads to formation of messenger RNA. The mRNA interacts with ribosomes to produce specific proteins that express the effect of estradiol upon the target cell. Estradiol is used for the treatment of urogenital symptoms associated with post-menopausal atrophy of the vagina (such as dryness, burning, pruritus and dyspareunia) and/or the lower urinary tract (urinary urgency and dysuria). Estradiol is marketed under the brand name Climara (among others), indicated for: the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms due to menopause, treatment of symptoms of vulvar and vaginal atrophy due to menopause, treatment of hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, castration or primary ovarian failure and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
CNS Activity
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25231731https://books.google.ru/books?id=L4YQ50SbBnsC&pg=PA223&lpg=PA223&dq=estradiol+cross+blood+brain+barrier&source=bl&ots=1XAPNkXVXI&sig=_VCp7qIuyiwBe9cGGJDMvmdR8zg&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjjk6vD8r7PAhWCFywKHU3xD8c4ChDoAQg4MAU#v=onepage&q=estradiol%20cross%20blood%20brain%20barrier&f=false, retrieved from
Curator's Comment: Estrogen Effects in Psychiatric Disorders
Niels Bergemann,Anita Riecher-Rössler, p.223
Originator
Sources: http://www.google.ru/patents/US2054271https://books.google.ru/books?id=_J2ti4EkYpkC&pg=PA1478&lpg=PA1478&dq=ESTRADIOL+year+introduced&source=bl&ots=N5lzH8ALwu&sig=V9zqvrxhsCojxBpoWmAWSN7AXcc&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj975678L7PAhVGXSwKHb5cBkUQ6AEISDAH#v=onepage&q=ESTRADIOL%20year%20introduced&f=false, retrieved from Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition : William Andrew Publishing, p.1475
Curator's Comment: Introduced in 1952
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: P08842 Gene ID: 412.0 Gene Symbol: STS Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11250930 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL206 Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00783 |
0.0084 nM [EC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL242 Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00783 |
1.4 nM [EC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL1871 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16309907 |
19.1 nM [IC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL206 Sources: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/222757 |
0.13 nM [Ki] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL242 Sources: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/222757 |
0.09 nM [Kd] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | CLIMARA Approved UseClimara is an estrogen indicated for:
•Treatment of Moderate to Severe Vasomotor Symptoms due to Menopause
•Treatment of Moderate to Severe Symptoms of Vulvar and Vaginal Atrophy due to Menopause
•Treatment of Hypoestrogenism due to Hypogonadism, Castration or Primary Ovarian Failure
•Prevention of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Launch Date1974 |
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Preventing | CLIMARA Approved UseClimara is an estrogen indicated for:
•Treatment of Moderate to Severe Vasomotor Symptoms due to Menopause
•Treatment of Moderate to Severe Symptoms of Vulvar and Vaginal Atrophy due to Menopause
•Treatment of Hypoestrogenism due to Hypogonadism, Castration or Primary Ovarian Failure
•Prevention of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Launch Date1974 |
|||
Primary | CLIMARA Approved UseClimara is an estrogen indicated for:
•Treatment of Moderate to Severe Vasomotor Symptoms due to Menopause
•Treatment of Moderate to Severe Symptoms of Vulvar and Vaginal Atrophy due to Menopause
•Treatment of Hypoestrogenism due to Hypogonadism, Castration or Primary Ovarian Failure
•Prevention of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Launch Date1974 |
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Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
14.7 pg/mL |
0.25 mg 1 times / day steady-state, topical dose: 0.25 mg route of administration: Topical experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ESTRADIOL plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: ADULT sex: FEMALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
92 pg/mL |
0.05 mg 1 times / day multiple, topical dose: 0.05 mg route of administration: Topical experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
ESTRADIOL plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: ADULT sex: FEMALE food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
236 pg × h/mL |
0.25 mg 1 times / day steady-state, topical dose: 0.25 mg route of administration: Topical experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ESTRADIOL plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: ADULT sex: FEMALE food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
10 h |
0.25 mg 1 times / day steady-state, topical dose: 0.25 mg route of administration: Topical experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
ESTRADIOL plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: ADULT sex: FEMALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
1.75 h |
0.05 mg 1 times / day multiple, topical dose: 0.05 mg route of administration: Topical experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
ESTRADIOL plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: ADULT sex: FEMALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: - |
yes | |||
Sources: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/mp900077q Page: - |
yes |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
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yes [Km 7 uM] | |||
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yes | |||
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Sources: https://www.pnas.org/content/93/18/9776.short Page: - |
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yes |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Effect of estradiol benzoate on the proliferation of osteogenic cells in fetal rat fibulae cultured in vitro. | 1978 Mar |
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An increase of pituitary 3', 5' cyclic adenosine monophosphate produced by estradiol benzoate in vitro: possible implication of this increase in the secretion of luteinizing hormone. | 1978 May |
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Sulfation of estrone and 17 beta-estradiol in human liver. Catalysis by thermostable phenol sulfotransferase and by dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase. | 1992 May-Jun |
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[The effect of adrenaline and 17beta-estradiol sulfate on transmembrane potentials of guinea pig cardiomyocytes]. | 1996 Dec |
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Inhibition of the neuronal insulin receptor causes Alzheimer-like disturbances in oxidative/energy brain metabolism and in behavior in adult rats. | 1999 |
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Growth stimulation of a rat pituitary cell line MtT/E-2 by environmental estrogens in vitro and in vivo. | 1999 Aug |
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Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of 17 beta-estradiol after a single 4-day application of Oesclim 50, Oesclim 100, and Vivelle 0.05 (Menorest 50) transdermal delivery systems. | 1999 Aug |
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Estrogen-induced pituitary tumor development in the ACI rat not inhibited by dietary energy restriction. | 1999 Dec |
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[Physiology and exploration of the gonadotropic axis]. | 1999 Jun 15 |
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Sex steroids and odorants modulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion in primary cultures of human olfactory cells. | 1999 Nov |
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Effects of environmental estrogens on tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. | 1999 Nov |
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Estrogen directly respresses gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene expression in estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha)- and ERbeta-expressing GT1-7 GnRH neurons. | 1999 Nov |
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Steroid feedback on gonadotropin release and pituitary gonadotropin subunit mRNA in mice lacking a functional estrogen receptor alpha. | 1999 Oct |
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Circadian expression of the steroid 15 alpha-hydroxylase (Cyp2a4) and coumarin 7-hydroxylase (Cyp2a5) genes in mouse liver is regulated by the PAR leucine zipper transcription factor DBP. | 1999 Oct |
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Acute activation of Maxi-K channels (hSlo) by estradiol binding to the beta subunit. | 1999 Sep 17 |
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Estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression and crosstalk in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells. | 2000 Apr |
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Involvement of genotoxic effects in the initiation of estrogen-induced cellular transformation: studies using Syrian hamster embryo cells treated with 17beta-estradiol and eight of its metabolites. | 2000 Apr 1 |
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Expression of the estrogen-regulated gene Nip2 during rat brain maturation. | 2000 Apr-Jun |
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Effect of chlorinated hydrocarbons on expression of cytochrome P450 1A1, 1A2 and 1B1 and 2- and 4-hydroxylation of 17beta-estradiol in female Sprague-Dawley rats. | 2000 Aug |
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High concentrations of bisphenol A induce cell growth and prolactin secretion in an estrogen-responsive pituitary tumor cell line. | 2000 Feb 1 |
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Proteinase inhibitor 9, an inhibitor of granzyme B-mediated apoptosis, is a primary estrogen-inducible gene in human liver cells. | 2000 Feb 25 |
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The pregnane X receptor: a promiscuous xenobiotic receptor that has diverged during evolution. | 2000 Jan |
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The aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacts with estrogen receptor alpha and orphan receptors COUP-TFI and ERRalpha1. | 2000 Jan 1 |
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Intrinsic alcohol dehydrogenase and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities of human mitochondrial short-chain L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. | 2000 Jan 1 |
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Induction of uterine adenocarcinoma in CD-1 mice by catechol estrogens. | 2000 Jan 15 |
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Atheroprotective effect of estriol and estrone sulfate on human vascular smooth muscle cells. | 2000 Jan-Feb |
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Endocrine disrupting chemicals, phthalic acid and nonylphenol, activate Pregnane X receptor-mediated transcription. | 2000 Mar |
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Dramatic suppression of plasma and urinary prostate specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein by antiandrogens in male-to-female transsexuals. | 2000 Mar |
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Six high-priority organochlorine pesticides, either singly or in combination, are nonestrogenic in transfected HeLa cells. | 2000 Mar-Apr |
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Estradiol acts as a germ cell survival factor in the human testis in vitro. | 2000 May |
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Assaying estrogenicity by quantitating the expression levels of endogenous estrogen-regulated genes. | 2000 May |
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Estrogen activation of the nuclear orphan receptor CAR (constitutive active receptor) in induction of the mouse Cyp2b10 gene. | 2000 Nov |
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Female sex steroids: effects upon microglial cell activation. | 2000 Nov 1 |
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Estradiol enhances the resistance of LDL to oxidation by stabilizing apoB-100 conformation. | 2000 Nov 14 |
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NADPH- and hydroperoxide-supported 17beta-estradiol hydroxylation catalyzed by a variant form (432L, 453S) of human cytochrome P450 1B1. | 2000 Sep |
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Constitutive expression of the steroid sulfatase gene supports the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. | 2001 Apr |
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Hormone status selects for spontaneous somatic androgen receptor variants that demonstrate specific ligand and cofactor dependent activities in autochthonous prostate cancer. | 2001 Apr 6 |
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Effects of follicle-stimulating hormone with and without luteinizing hormone on serum hormone concentrations, follicle growth, and intrafollicular estradiol and aromatase activity in gonadotropin-releasing hormone-immunized heifers. | 2001 Jan |
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Stimulatory effect of clofibrate and gemfibrozil administration on the formation of fatty acid esters of estradiol by rat liver microsomes. | 2001 Jan |
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Influence of gender and sex hormones on nicotine acute pharmacological effects in mice. | 2001 Jan |
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Heat-shock factor-1, steroid hormones, and regulation of heat-shock protein expression in the heart. | 2001 Jan |
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Estradiol levels in psychotic disorders. | 2001 Jan |
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Enhanced multispecificity of arabidopsis vacuolar multidrug resistance-associated protein-type ATP-binding cassette transporter, AtMRP2. | 2001 Mar 23 |
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The unusual binding properties of the third distinct teleost estrogen receptor subtype ERbetaa are accompanied by highly conserved amino acid changes in the ligand binding domain. | 2004 Jun |
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Sulfonation of 17beta-estradiol and inhibition of sulfotransferase activity by polychlorobiphenylols and celecoxib in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. | 2007 Mar 10 |
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Complex actions of estradiol-3-sulfate in late gestation fetal brain. | 2011 Jul |
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[Study of gonadal hormone drugs in blocking filovirus entry of cells in vitro]. | 2015 Dec |
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Evaluation of Effects of Topical Estradiol Benzoate Application on Cutaneous Wound Healing in Ovariectomized Female Mice. | 2016 |
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Effects of Exposure to Estradiol Benzoate or Flutamide at the Weaning Age on Expression of Connexins in the Caudal Epididymis of Adult Rat. | 2016 Dec |
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Changes in Expression of Connexin Isoforms in the Caudal Epididymis of Adult Sprague-Dawley Rats exposed to Estradiol Benzoate or Flutamide at the Neonatal Age. | 2016 Sep |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Curator's Comment: Estradiol benzoate is not approved by the FDA for use in humans in the United States.
Unknown
Route of Administration:
Unknown
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21273638
Estradiol-3-sulfate (E2SO4) infused intracerebroventricularly (icv) significantly increased plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol concentrations. All minipumps in the treated fetuses were filled with E2SO4 in the vehicle (water) and minipumps in the control fetuses were filled with vehicle only. These minipumps deliver a constant infusion of 5 μL/h; the concentration of E2SO4 in infusates was therefore 8.33 μg/μL. It was concluded, that E2SO4 had complex actions on the fetal brain, which might involve deconjugation by steroid sulfatase. But that the net result of direct E2SO4 icv infusion was more complex than could be accounted for by infusion of E2 alone.
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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WHO-ESSENTIAL MEDICINES LIST |
18.3.2 (EST/MED)
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C478
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Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
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206-237-8
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1252003
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CHEMBL1200973
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m5028
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PRIMARY | Merck Index | ||
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1000146
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PRIMARY | RxNorm | ||
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7E1DV054LO
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DB13954
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7E1DV054LO
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Estradiol cypionate
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C47991
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Estradiol Cypionate
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3354
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9403
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313-06-4
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SUB01965MIG
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DTXSID4022999
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1059
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100000089397
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ACTIVE MOIETY
SUBSTANCE RECORD