Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C17H26N4O.2C4H4O4 |
Molecular Weight | 534.5589 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 2 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O.OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O.CCOCCN1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1N3CCCN(C)CC3
InChI
InChIKey=FWLKKPKZQYVAFR-LVEZLNDCSA-N
InChI=1S/C17H26N4O.2C4H4O4/c1-3-22-14-13-21-16-8-5-4-7-15(16)18-17(21)20-10-6-9-19(2)11-12-20;2*5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h4-5,7-8H,3,6,9-14H2,1-2H3;2*1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b;2*2-1+
Emedastine is an antihistaminic agent, which was approved by FDA for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis (Emadine brand name). The drug acts selectively on H1 receptors with lower affinity to H2 and H3 subtypes. Emedastine has a relatively unfavorable CNS effect profile. A small percentage of patients reported somnolence as an adverse effect after administration.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: P35367 Gene ID: 3269.0 Gene Symbol: HRH1 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) |
1.3 nM [Ki] |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | EMADINE Approved UseEMADINE (emedastine difumarate ophthalmic solution) 0.05% is indicated for the temporary relief of the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. Launch Date1997 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
2 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg single, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
2.9 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg single, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
4 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
6 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
16.9 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg single, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
29.7 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg single, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
24.4 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
46.4 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
6.4 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg single, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
10.1 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg single, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
6.6 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
|
9.1 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11317479 |
2 mg 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 2 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered: |
EMEDASTINE plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
4 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Studied dose Dose: 4 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 4 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 21 - 45 years n = 19 Health Status: healthy Condition: lower respiratory tract infections or sexually transmitted infections Age Group: 21 - 45 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 19 Sources: |
Other AEs: Impaired driving ability... |
0.05 % 1 times / day steady, ophthalmic Recommended Dose: 0.05 %, 1 times / day Route: ophthalmic Route: steady Dose: 0.05 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 43 years n = 14 Health Status: healthy Condition: conjunctival allergen challenge model Age Group: 43 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 14 Sources: |
|
2 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 2 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 2 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 192 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: idiopathic chronic urticaria Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Population Size: 192 Sources: |
Other AEs: Sleepiness... |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Impaired driving ability | 19 patients | 4 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Studied dose Dose: 4 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 4 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
healthy, 21 - 45 years n = 19 Health Status: healthy Condition: lower respiratory tract infections or sexually transmitted infections Age Group: 21 - 45 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 19 Sources: |
Sleepiness | 7 patients | 2 mg 2 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 2 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 2 mg, 2 times / day Sources: |
unhealthy, adult n = 192 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: idiopathic chronic urticaria Age Group: adult Sex: unknown Population Size: 192 Sources: |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
---|---|---|
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 1.0 |
yes | |||
Page: 1.0 |
yes | |||
Page: 1.0 |
yes | weak (co-administration study) Comment: Emedastine steady state pharmacokinetics were slightly altered as a result of the ketoconazole co-treatment. AUCss rose by about 33% and total clearance decreased by about 30% Page: 1.0 |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
General pharmacology of 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-2-(4-methyl-1-homopiperazinyl)benzimidazole difumarate. 1st communication: effects on the central nervous system. | 1988 Jan |
|
Effect of emedastine difumarate on CC chemokine-elicited eosinophil migration. | 2001 |
|
Emedastine and allergic conjunctivitis: new preparation. Poor assessment. | 2001 Apr |
|
VUF-K-8788, a periphery-selective histamine H1 antagonist with anti-pruritic activities. | 2001 May |
|
Histamine-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production are differentially modulated by IFN-gamma and IL-4 in human keratinocytes. | 2002 Jan |
|
Randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled comparison of the efficacy of emedastine difumarate 0.05% ophthalmic solution and ketotifen fumarate 0.025% ophthalmic solution in the human conjunctival allergen challenge model. | 2002 Mar |
|
Effects of emedastine and cetirizine, alone and with alcohol, on actual driving of males and females. | 2002 Mar |
|
Effect of antiallergic drugs on interleukin 5-induced eosinophil infiltration of rat airways. | 2002 Mar |
|
Search of antimicrobial activity of selected non-antibiotic drugs. | 2002 Nov-Dec |
|
Pharmacokinetic and mass balance study of unlabelled and (14)C-labelled emedastine difumarate in healthy volunteers. | 2002 Sep |
|
Onset and duration of action of ketotifen 0.025% and emedastine 0.05% in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis : efficacy after repeated pollen challenges in the vienna challenge chamber. | 2003 |
|
Acute allergy reaction after posterior sub-Tenon's triamcinolone injection in the treatment of intermediate uveitis in the asthmatic patient. | 2003 |
|
[In vitro effects of antiallergic eyedrops on complement activation induced by particulate matter]. | 2003 Apr |
|
[Effects of emedastine eyedrops on acute seasonal allergic conjunctivitis in children]. | 2003 Apr 6 |
|
Evaluation of the efficacy of antihistamines using human monocyte-derived dendritic cells stimulated with histamine. | 2003 Aug |
|
The effect of ketotifen on inflammatory markers in allergic conjunctivitis: an open, uncontrolled study. | 2003 Jan 6 |
|
Development of a new dissolution test method for an oral controlled release preparation, the PVA swelling controlled release system (SCRS). | 2003 Jun 5 |
|
Epinastine inhibits eosinophil chemotaxis and adhesion molecules in atopic dermatitis. | 2003 Nov-Dec |
|
Suplatast tosilate inhibits eosinophil production and recruitment into the skin in murine contact sensitivity. | 2003 Sep |
|
Biopharmaceutical considerations on antihistamine effects of topically administered emedastine. | 2005 Jan |
|
Estimation of in vivo percutaneous absorption of emedastine from bile excretion data using a deconvolution method. | 2005 Oct |
|
Emedastine difumarate versus loratadine in chronic idiopathic urticaria: a randomized, double-blind, controlled European multicentre clinical trial. | 2006 Nov-Dec |
|
[The prompt effect of emedastine eye drop and the safety of its permanent use in children suffering from acute seasonal allergic conjunctivitis]. | 2007 Feb 11 |
|
High-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric determination of emedastine difumarate in human plasma and its pharmacokinetics. | 2007 Mar |
|
(E)-1,1'-Bis[(E)-but-2-en-yl]-3,3'-(propane-1,3-di-yl)bis-(1H-benzimidazol-3-ium) dibromide monohydrate. | 2008 Oct 18 |
|
Efficacy of olopatadine HCI 0.1%, ketotifen fumarate 0.025%, epinastine HCI 0.05%, emedastine 0.05% and fluorometholone acetate 0.1% ophthalmic solutions for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis: a placebo-controlled environmental trial. | 2009 Aug |
|
[Antihistamines in the treatment of allergic rhinitis--update 2008/2009]. | 2009 Sep |
|
Development of a list of potentially inappropriate drugs for the korean elderly using the delphi method. | 2010 Dec |
|
Contribution of mast cells to cerebral aneurysm formation. | 2010 May |
Sample Use Guides
The recommended dose is one drop (0.05% solution) in the effected eye up to four times daily.
Route of Administration:
Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7714409
Human trabecular meshwork cells were treated with emedastine and at concentration of 1.44 nM the drug antagonized histamine-induced phosphoinositide turnover by 50%.
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C29578
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EMA ASSESSMENT REPORTS |
EMADINE (AUTHORIZED: CONJUNCTIVIS, ALLERGIC)
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C61744
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ACTIVE MOIETY
PARENT (SALT/SOLVATE)
SUBSTANCE RECORD