| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Molecular Formula | C6H14O6 |
| Molecular Weight | 182.1718 |
| Optical Activity | ( - ) |
| Defined Stereocenters | 4 / 4 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
InChI
InChIKey=FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N
InChI=1S/C6H14O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h3-12H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6-/m1/s1
Sorbitol is a polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. Sorbitol occurs naturally and is produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures. Used as a non-stimulant laxative via an oral suspension or enema. Sorbitol exerts its laxative effect by drawing water into the large intestine, thereby stimulating bowel movements. Sorbitol plays a vital step in the 'polyol pathway'. The sudden injection of extra sorbitol can ruin the equilibrium of enzymes that regulate the conversion of glucose to fructose in a process associated with the onset of diabetes and its complications. Further, the polyol pathway is involved with a complex network of metabolic activities; disruption leads to a cascade of problems (citations here, here and here) such as mitochondrial failure, cell apoptosis (cell death), and DNA fragmentation. In general, sorbitol induces cell hyperosmotic stress resulting in phosphorylation (uptake of phosphorus into cell) — an important on/off switch regulating enzymes and signaling networks.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
Sourcing
Sample Use Guides
OSMITROL Injection (Mannitol Injection, USP) should be administered only by
intravenous infusion. The total dosage, concentration, and rate of administration should
be governed by the nature and severity of the condition being treated, fluid requirement,
and urinary output. The usual adult dosage ranges from 20 to 100 g in a 24 hour period,
but in most instances an adequate response will be achieved at a dosage of approximately
50 to 100 g in a 24 hour period. The rate of administration is usually adjusted to maintain
a urine flow of at least 30 to 50 mL/hour. This outline of administration and dosage is
only a general guide to therapy.
Route of Administration:
Intravenous
Four different iodinated X-ray contrast agents--three of them with two different iodine concentrations--and mannitol (negative control; concentration of 150 mg mannitol per ml blood) were pipetted into blood samples so that there was a concentration of 0, 7.5 or 15 mg of iodine per ml blood in the samples.
ACTIVE MOIETY
