U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

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Status:
First approved in 1981
Source:
Isoptin by Knoll
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)



Vecuronium is a neuromuscular blocking agent. Vecuronium operates by competing for the cholinoceptors at the motor end plate thereby exerting its muscle-relaxing properties which are used adjunctively to general anesthesia. Vecuronium is a bisquaternary nitrogen compound that acts by competitively binding to nicotinic cholinergic receptors. The binding of vecuronium decreases the opportunity for acetylcholine to bind to the nicotinic receptor at the postjunctional membrane of the myoneural junction. As a result, depolarization is prevented, calcium ions are not released and muscle contraction does not occur. Vecuronium is indicated as an adjunct to general anesthesia, to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.
Status:
First approved in 1972

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)


Conditions:

Pancuronium (trademarked as Pavulon) is an aminosteroid muscle relaxant with various medical uses. Pancuronium is a typical non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant. It competitively inhibits the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction by blocking the binding of acetylcholine. It has slight vagolytic activity, causing an increase in heart rate, but no ganglioplegic (i.e., blocking ganglions) activity. It is a very potent muscle relaxant drug, with an ED95 of only 60 µg/kg body weight. The onset of action is relatively slow compared to other similar drugs, in part due to its low dose - an intubating dose takes 3–6 minutes for full effect. Clinical effects (muscle activity lower than 25% of physiological) last for about 100 minutes. The time needed for full (over 90% muscle activity) recovery after single administration is about 120–180 minutes in healthy adults. Pancuronium is used with general anesthesia in surgery for muscle relaxation and as an aid to intubation or ventilation. It does not have sedative or analgesic effects. Side-effects include moderately raised heart rate and thereby arterial pressure and cardiac output, excessive salivation, apnea and respiratory depression, rashes, flushing, and sweating. The muscular relaxation can be dangerous for the seriously ill and it can accumulate leading to extended weakness. Pancuronium is not preferable to long-term use in ICU-ventilated patients. Pancuronium is also used as one component of a lethal injection in the administration of the death penalty in some parts of the United States.
Triamcinolone acetonide is a synthetic corticosteroid used to treat various skin conditions, and to relieve the discomfort of mouth sores. In nasal spray form, it is used to treat allergic rhinitis. It is a more potent derivative of triamcinolone, and is about eight times as potent as prednisone. TRIESENCE™ is a synthetic corticosteroid indicated for: sympathetic ophthalmia, temporal arteritis, uveitis, and ocular inflammatory conditions unresponsive to topical corticosteroids. Triamcinolone acetonide is a synthetic fluorinated corticosteroid with approximately 8 times the potency of prednisone in animal models of inflammation. Although the precise mechanism of corticosteroid antiallergic action is unknown, corticosteroids have been shown to have a wide range of actions on multiple cell types (e.g., mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes) and mediators (e.g., histamine, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, cytokines) involved in inflammation.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:larotaxel [INN]
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)

Targets:

LAROTAXEL is a taxoid with potential antineoplastic activity. It prevents microtubule depolymerization, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. It displays a broad spectrum of antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo, including activity against P-glycoprotein expressing tumors. LAROTAXEL was in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and bladder cancer. However, its development was discontinued.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:flurantel
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)

Flurantel is an anthelmintic agent. Information about the current use of this compound is not available.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
USAN:RALANITEN ACETATE [USAN]
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)

Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT04249336: Phase 3 Interventional Completed Dentin Hypersensitivity
(2019)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)

Status:
Investigational
Source:
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). Jun 2016;100(3):520-5.: Not Applicable Veterinary clinical trial Completed N/A
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)

Conditions:

Among the naturally occurring trichothecenes in food and feed, T-2 toxin is a cytotoxic fungal secondary metabolite produced by various species of Fusarium. Following ingestion, T-2 toxin causes acute and chronic toxicity and induces apoptosis in the immune system and fetal tissues. T-2 toxin is usually metabolized and eliminated after ingestion, yielding more than 20 metabolites. Consequently, there is a possibility of human consumption of animal products contaminated with T-2 toxin and its metabolites. The molecular mechanism of inhibition of protein synthesis may be the high affinity of T-2 toxin for the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:stevaladil
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)

Stevaladil is a pregnanediol derivative patented by Shionogi & Co., Ltd. as antiparasitic agent
Status:
Investigational
Source:
USAN:Acetiamine
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)

Acetiamine (syn. thianeurone or diacetamine) is a thiamine derivative which is rarely used in pharmaceuticals. It is lipid-soluble. It has been studied for the treatment of rheumatic diseases.