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There is one exact (name or code) match for ceftibuten

 
Ceftibuten is a 3rd generation cephalosporin that is FDA approved for the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, acute bacterial otitis media, pharyngitis and tonsillitis. Ceftibuten exerts its bactericidal action by binding to essential target proteins of the bacterial cell wall. This binding leads to inhibition of cell-wall synthesis. Common adverse reactions include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and headache. The effect of increased gastric pH on the bioavailability of ceftibuten was evaluated in 18 healthy adult volunteers. Each volunteer was administered one 400-mg ceftibuten capsule. A single dose of liquid antacid did not affect the Cmax or AUC of ceftibuten; however, 150 mg of ranitidine q12h for 3 days increased the ceftibuten Cmax by 23% and ceftibuten AUC by 16%.

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Ceftibuten is a 3rd generation cephalosporin that is FDA approved for the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, acute bacterial otitis media, pharyngitis and tonsillitis. Ceftibuten exerts its bactericidal action by binding to essential target proteins of the bacterial cell wall. This binding leads to inhibition of cell-wall synthesis. Common adverse reactions include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and headache. The effect of increased gastric pH on the bioavailability of ceftibuten was evaluated in 18 healthy adult volunteers. Each volunteer was administered one 400-mg ceftibuten capsule. A single dose of liquid antacid did not affect the Cmax or AUC of ceftibuten; however, 150 mg of ranitidine q12h for 3 days increased the ceftibuten Cmax by 23% and ceftibuten AUC by 16%.
Cefdinir is an extended-spectrum, semisynthetic cephalosporin, for oral administration. As with other cephalosporins, bactericidal activity of cefdinir results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. Cefdinir is stable in the presence of some, but not all, β-lactamase enzymes. Cefdinir is indicated for the treatment of: Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis, Acute Maxillary Sinusitis, Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis and Uncomplicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections. Side effects include diarrhea, vaginal infections or inflammation, nausea, headache, and abdominal pain. Concomitant administration of 300-mg cefdinir capsules with 30 mL Maalox® TC suspension reduces the rate (Cmax) and extent (AUC) of absorption by approximately 40%. As with other β-lactam antibiotics, probenecid inhibits the renal excretion of cefdinir.
Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, which was developed in 1994. Cefepime has a broad spectrum in vitro activity that encompasses a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Within bacterial cells, the molecular targets of cefepime are the penicillin binding proteins (PBP). It is FDA approved for the treatment of pneumonia, febrile neutropenia, uncomplicated UTI, uncomplicated skin infection and complicated intraabdominal infections. Common adverse reactions include rash, hypophosphatemia, diarrhea. Cefepime is metabolized to N-methylpyrrolidine (NMP) which is rapidly converted to the N-oxide (NMP-N-oxide). Urinary recovery of unchanged cefepime accounts for approximately 85% of the administered dose. Less than 1% of the administered dose is recovered from urine as NMP, 6.8% as NMP-N-oxide, and 2.5% as an epimer of cefepime. Because renal excretion is a significant pathway of elimination, patients with renal dysfunction and patients undergoing hemodialysis require dosage adjustment.
Cefpodoxime is an orally administered, extended spectrum, semi-synthetic antibiotic of the cephalosporin class. Cefpodoxime is a bactericidal agent that acts by inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cefpodoxime has activity in the presence of some beta-lactamases, both penicillinases and cephalosporinases, of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Cefpodoxime is indicated for the treatment of patients with mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions: acute otitis media; pharyngitis and/or tonsillitis; community-acquired pneumonia; acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis; gonorrhea; uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections; acute maxillary sinusitis and uncomplicated urinary tract infections (cystitis). Common adverse reactions include diarrhea, nausea, vaginal fungal infections, vulvovaginal infections, abdominal pain, headache. Concomitant administration of high doses of antacids (sodium bicarbonate and aluminum hydroxide) or H2 blockers reduces peak plasma levels by 24% to 42% and the extent of absorption by 27% to 32%, respectively. Oral anti-cholinergics (e.g., propantheline) delay peak plasma levels (47% increase in Tmax), but do not affect the extent of absorption (AUC). Probenecid: As with other beta-lactam antibiotics, renal excretion of cefpodoxime was inhibited by probenecid and resulted in an approximately 31% increase in AUC and 20% increase in peak cefpodoxime plasma levels.
Cefixime, an antibiotic, is a third-generation cephalosporin like ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Cefixime is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalosporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to cefixime. The antibacterial effect of cefixime results from inhibition of mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall. Like all beta-lactam antibiotics, cefixime binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, causing the inhibition of the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that cefixime interferes with an autolysin inhibitor. Cefixime is sold under the brand name Suprax, indicated for the treatment of: Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections Otitis Media Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis Uncomplicated Gonorrhea (cervical/urethral)
Ceftazidime is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactam antibiotic, used especially for Pseudomonas and other gram-negative infections in debilitated patients. Ceftazidime is used to treat lower respiratory tract, skin, urinary tract, blood-stream, joint, and abdominal infections, and meningitis. The drug is given intravenously (IV) or intramuscularly (IM) every 8–12 hours (two or three times a day), with dose and frequency varying by the type of infection, severity, and/or renal function of the patient. Injectable formulations of ceftazidime are currently nebulized "off-label" to manage Cystic Fibrosis, non-Cystic Fibrosis bronchiectasis, drug-resistant nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and post-transplant airway infections. Ceftazidime is generally well-tolerated. When side effects do occur, they are most commonly local effects from the intravenous line site, allergic reactions, and gastrointestinal symptoms. According to one manufacturer, in clinical trials, allergic reactions including itching, rash, and fever, happened in fewer than 2% of patients. Rare but more serious allergic reactions, such as toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and erythema multiforme, have been reported with this class of antibiotics, including ceftazidime. Gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, were reported in fewer than 2% of patients.
Cefaclor is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic for oral administration. As with other cephalosporins, the bactericidal action of Cefaclor results from inhibition of cell-wall synthesis. Cefaclor is indicated in the treatment of the following infections when caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms: Otitis media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, staphylococci, and Streptococcus pyogenes; Lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pyogenes; Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis, caused by Streptococcus pyogenes; Urinary tract infections, including pyelonephritis and cystitis, caused by Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella spp., and coagulase-negative staphylococci; Skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Adverse effects considered to be related to therapy with cefaclor are: Hypersensitivity reactions, Rarely, reversible hyperactivity, agitation, nervousness, insomnia, confusion, hypertonia, dizziness, hallucinations, somnolence and diarrhea. Patients receiving Cefaclor may show a false-positive reaction for glucose in the urine with tests that use Benedict's and Fehling's solutions and also with Clinitest® tablets. There have been reports of increased anticoagulant effect when Cefaclor and oral anticoagulants were administered concomitantly.
Cefoxitin is a cephamycin antibiotic often grouped with the second-generation cephalosporins. It is active against a broad range of gram-negative bacteria including anaerobes. The methoxy group in the 7a position provides cefoxitin with a high degree of stability in the presence of beta-lactamases, both penicillinases and cephalosporinases, of gram-negative bacteria. The bactericidal action of cefoxitin results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis.
Status:
First approved in 1978
Source:
Duracef by Mead Johnson
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)



Cefadroxil is a new semisynthetic cephalosporin with a broad antibacterial spectrum and a high chemotherapeutic potential when administered orally. Many studies have established the efficacy of the administration of once- or twice-daily cefadroxil in the management of infections in the respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, and bones and joints.
Status:
First approved in 1971

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)



Cephalexin is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic intended for oral administration. In vitro tests demonstrate that the cephalosporins are bactericidal because of their inhibition of cell-wall synthesis. Cephalexin has been shown to be active against most strains of the following microorganisms both in vitro: Staphylococcus aureus (including penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-susceptible strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, Proteus mirabilis. Cephalexin is indicated for the treatment of the respiratory tract, skin and skin structure, bone and genitourinary tract infections when caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms.

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