Adenosine 2'-monophosphate (2’-AMP) is adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'- position. Exogenous 2’-AMP is rapidly converted to adenosine in vitro and in vivo. In vitro 2’-AMP alter vascular smooth muscle cell, endothelial cell, and epithelial cell proliferation via adenosine receptors activation. In vitro 2’-AMP dose-dependently and profoundly reduce mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, total peripheral (TPR), mesenteric vascular (MVR) resistances with efficacies and potencies equal to or greater than those for adenosine. Adenosine 2'-monophosphate has been used in the synthesis of a novel photoaffinity label for the coenzyme site of porcine NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase. Adenosine 2'-monophosphate also can be used as a tool for studying adenosine-based cell regulation.