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Restrict the search for
betaine
to a specific field?
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
21 CFR 356
(2023)
Source URL:
First approved in 2019
Source:
MedicatedShampoo by Shenzhen Wanfeng Hao Electronic Commerce Co., Ltd.
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
505G(a)(3)
(2020)
Source URL:
First approved in 2011
Source:
21 CFR 333E
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
21 CFR 356
(2023)
Source URL:
First approved in 2004
Source:
21 CFR 346
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Status:
First approved in 1999
Source:
Dermal-Soothe by Vetoquinol USA, Inc.
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
505G(a)(3)
(1998)
Source URL:
First approved in 1985
Source:
NDA021644
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
M006
(2022)
Source URL:
First approved in 2014
Source:
21 CFR 333D
Source URL:
Class:
POLYMER
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First marketed in 1921
Class:
STRUCTURALLY DIVERSE
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2011)
Source:
ANDA077555
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 1997
Source:
NDA020646
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Tiagabine (trade name Gabitril) is an anticonvulsant medication used in the treatment of Partial Seizures. The precise mechanism by which Tiagabine exerts its antiseizure effect is unknown, although it is believed to be related to its ability to enhance the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Tiagabine binds to recognition sites associated with the GABA uptake carrier. It is thought that, by this action, Tiagabine blocks GABA uptake into presynaptic neurons, permitting more GABA to be available for receptor binding on the surfaces of post-synaptic cells. Tiagabine is approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an adjunctive treatment for partial seizures in individuals of age 12 and up. It may also be prescribed off-label by physicians to treat anxiety disorders and panic disorder as well as neuropathic pain (including fibromyalgia). For anxiety and neuropathic pain, tiagabine is used primarily to augment other treatments. Tiagabine may be used alongside selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or benzodiazepines for anxiety, or antidepressants, gabapentin, other anticonvulsants, or opioids for neuropathic pain. The most common side effect of tiagabine is dizziness. Other side effects that have been observed with a rate of statistical significance relative to placebo include asthenia, somnolence, nervousness, memory impairment, tremor, headache, diarrhea, and depression.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2011)
Source:
ANDA077555
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 1997
Source:
NDA020646
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Tiagabine (trade name Gabitril) is an anticonvulsant medication used in the treatment of Partial Seizures. The precise mechanism by which Tiagabine exerts its antiseizure effect is unknown, although it is believed to be related to its ability to enhance the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Tiagabine binds to recognition sites associated with the GABA uptake carrier. It is thought that, by this action, Tiagabine blocks GABA uptake into presynaptic neurons, permitting more GABA to be available for receptor binding on the surfaces of post-synaptic cells. Tiagabine is approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an adjunctive treatment for partial seizures in individuals of age 12 and up. It may also be prescribed off-label by physicians to treat anxiety disorders and panic disorder as well as neuropathic pain (including fibromyalgia). For anxiety and neuropathic pain, tiagabine is used primarily to augment other treatments. Tiagabine may be used alongside selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or benzodiazepines for anxiety, or antidepressants, gabapentin, other anticonvulsants, or opioids for neuropathic pain. The most common side effect of tiagabine is dizziness. Other side effects that have been observed with a rate of statistical significance relative to placebo include asthenia, somnolence, nervousness, memory impairment, tremor, headache, diarrhea, and depression.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1983)
Source:
ANDA087943
(1983)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1921
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Since its discovery as component of the tea leaf by Albert Kossel in 1888, the history of theophylline (CAS 58-55-9) has been a long and successful one. At the turn of the century, theophylline became less expensive due to chemical synthesis and was primarily used as diuretic in subsequent years. It was Samuel Hirsch who discovered the bronchospasmolytic effect of theophylline in 1992, however, despite this pioneering discovery theophylline continued to be used primarily as diuretic and cardiac remedy. The molecular mechanism of bronchodilatation is inhibition of phosphodiesterase(PDE)3 and PDE4, but the anti-inflammatory effect may be due to histone deacetylase (HDAC) activation, resulting in switching off of activated inflammatory genes.
Theophylline is indicated for the treatment of acute exacerbations of the symptoms and reversible airflow obstruction associated with asthma and other chronic lung diseases, e.g., emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
