Celgosivir is a butanoyl ester derivative of castanospermine, a compound derived from the Australian chestnut with activity against hepatitis C virus. Celgosivir rapidly converts to castanospermine in the body, where it is a potent inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase I, a host enzyme required for viral assembly, release, and infectivity.

KRN-7000, a compound with an alpha-galactosylceramide structure, shows potent anti-tumor activity in animal models. It also has strong immunostimulating effect being a high-affinity CD1d antigen.

Chloralose (alpha-Chloralose, 1,2-O-(2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)-α-D-glucofuranose) is an avicide, and a rodenticide commonly used for the control of mice and birds. Since its initial description in 1893, alpha-chloralose has undergone extensive pharmacologic evaluation. It has been characterized as a compound possessing potent CNS activity and has been evaluated in humans and animal models for its therapeutic properties. Though the toxicity of the compound prohibits its use as a human therapeutic agent, it has been employed widely as an animal anesthetic in the laboratory setting. α-Chloralose is widely used as an anesthetic in studies of the cerebrovasculature because of its presumed minimal depression of autonomic function. α-Chloralose acts as the positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptor and increases the affinity for GABA 5-fold and produced a small increase in the efficacy of GABA. Studies of α-Chloralose interactions with other allosteric modulators determined that α-Chloralose binds to a site on the GABAA receptor complex distinct from the benzodiazepine, neurosteroid and barbiturate sites.