Intoplicine is a pyrido[4,3-b]indole derivative patented by Rhone-Poulenc Sante as an antitumor agent. Intoplicine acts via inhibiting DNA nicking and closing reactions by stabilizing the cleavable complex, a transient intermediate in the religation reaction involving topoisomerase I and II and DNA. Intoplicine was active in a range of solid tumors in mice, including colon adenocarcinoma 51, MA16/C, MA14/A, MA13/C, early-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma 03, Glasgow osteogenic sarcoma and B16 melanoma. In Phase I clinical studies using a 24-h infusion, the maximum tolerated dose was established as 270 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, with hepatotoxicity rather than myelosuppression being dose-limiting, although cardiac toxicity was also seen. Preclinical cytotoxic concentrations were not achieved at the dose levels studied and clinical development was discontinued.

Monatepil is a calcium antagonist that, as do existing calcium antagonists, inhibits the influx of extracellular Ca 2 + through voltage-dependent Ca 2 + channels. It is a new type of antihypertensive agent. Its unique chemical structure was specially designed with intrinsic calcium antagonist and a1 -adrenoceptor-blocking moieties, creating a dual mechanism of action. Positive effects on plasma lipid metabolism are derived from the a1 -adrenoceptor-blocking activity and the antiatherosclerotic effect derives from the calcium antagonist properties. The novel structure of monatepil produces a slow onset of action and a long-lasting antihypertensive effect in experimental animals.

M40419 (now GC4419) is a Mn(II)-containing pentaazamacrocyclic selective superoxide dismutase mimetic. It is a first-in-class, small molecule enzyme mimetic that converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. GC4419 is currently being evaluated in an ongoing randomized Phase 2 clinical trial to assess its effect on the incidence, severity and duration of severe oral mucositis (OM) when given to patients with squamous cell cancers of the head and neck in combination with radiation and chemotherapy. GC4419 has received Breakthrough Therapy and Fast Track designations from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Vapitadine (R129160; Hivenyl™) is an antihistamine that Barrier Therapeutics is developing as a treatment for allergic reactions of the skin, such as those associated with hives and for the itch associated with atopic dermatitis. Vapitadine is a new selective, non-sedative H1antihistamine. In several in vitro and in vivo pharmacological models, vapitadine is at least as potent as cetirizine (Zyrtec®) and does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier. An advantage of vapitadine over other antihistamines may be the absence of the sedation, even at high doses. Vapitadine had been in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis. However, no development has been reported.

Tipetropium is atropine derivative. It is the adrenoceptor agonist. Tipetropium is bronchospasmolytic agent. It was used as anti-asthmatic drug.

Rifametane (SPA-S-565) is a semisynthetic derivative of rifamycin (a natural antibiotic produced by Amycolatopsis rifamycinica). It was being evaluated for treatment of bacterial infections. A phase I study showed that administration of rifametane is safe with minor, reversible adverse events such as mild headache, metallic taste and slightly elevated temperature for 3 to 4 hours. Rifametane has anti-tuberculosis activity and was suggested to be a good candidate for phase II clinical trials.

Doxaminol is a recently developed beta-sympathomimetic agent, which has shown promising positive inotropic activity in experimental animal models. It is a dibenzoxepine derivative. In normal volunteers, doxaminol exhibits effects on noninvasive cardiological indices similar to those observed after cardiac glycosides. After single-dose application of doxaminol in cases of congestive heart failure, cardiac output and stroke volume increased, heart rate increased slightly, pulmonary and systemic arterial pressure remained constant, and peripheral vascular resistance decreased. No arrhythmias appeared, but one patient suffered an attack of angina.

Beciparcil, an antithrombotic drug, that was studied against thrombosis, however, further investigations were discontinued in 1997.

Clobenzepam (tarpane) is a drug exhibiting antihistaminic properties.

There is no information about biological and medical application of dorastine . It’s known, that compound possesses antihistamine properties and can be obtained from 4-chloroaniline.