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Restrict the search for
nonoxynol-9
to a specific field?
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1999)
Source:
ANDA075221
(1999)
Source URL:
First approved in 1986
Source:
NDA019353
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Alfentanil is an opioid analgesic with a rapid onset of action. Alfentanil interacts predominately with the opioid mu-receptor. These mu-binding sites are discretely distributed in the human brain, spinal cord, and other tissues. In clinical settings, alfentanil exerts its principal pharmacologic effects on the central nervous system. Its primary actions of therapeutic value are analgesia and sedation. Alfentanil may increase the patient's tolerance for pain and decrease the perception of suffering, although the presence of the pain itself may still be recognized. In addition to analgesia, alterations in mood, euphoria and dysphoria, and drowsiness commonly occur. Alfentanil depresses the respiratory centers, depresses the cough reflex, and constricts the pupils. Alfentanil, marketed under the trade name Alfenta, Rapifen in Australia is indicated for the management of postoperative pain and the maintenance of general anesthesia.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1986)
Source:
NDA019193
(1986)
Source URL:
First approved in 1986
Source:
NDA019193
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Methacholine (trade name Provocholine) is a synthetic choline ester that acts as a muscarinic receptor agonist. Methacholine is primarily used to diagnose bronchial hyperreactivity, which is the hallmark of asthma and also occurs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This is accomplished through the bronchial challenge test, or methacholine challenge, in which a subject inhales aerosolized methacholine, leading to bronchoconstriction.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2024)
Source:
ANDA218538
(2024)
Source URL:
First approved in 1986
Source:
NDA018961
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Chromium sulfate(III) hexahydrate or chromium sulphate, a trivalent compound of chromium that was investigated as a toxic compound. Experiments on rodent have shown chromium sulfate produced severe and widespread effects in the nasal cavity, larynx, lungs, and mediastinal lymph node. Effects were characterized by the accumulation of foreign material, infiltration of alveolar macrophages, septal cell hyperplasia, and granulomatous and chronic inflammation. Besides, chromium sulphate exerted a disadvantageous effect on the skeleton, as it decreases bone density and resistance.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2010)
Source:
ANDA090339
(2010)
Source URL:
First approved in 1986
Source:
NDA050608
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Sulbactam is a β-lactamase inhibitor given in combination with β-lactam antibiotics to inhibit β-lactamase, an enzyme produced by bacteria that destroys the antibiotics. Sulbactam in combination with semisynthetic antibiotic ampicillin sodium is indicated for the treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms: Skin and Skin Structure Infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli etc; Intra-Abdominal Infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. (including K. Pneumoniae) tec; Gynecological Infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides spp. (including B. fragilis).
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2021)
Source:
ANDA211775
(2021)
Source URL:
First approved in 1986
Source:
ANDA065129
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Cefixime, an antibiotic, is a third-generation cephalosporin like ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Cefixime is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalosporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to cefixime. The antibacterial effect of cefixime results from inhibition of mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall. Like all beta-lactam antibiotics, cefixime binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, causing the inhibition of the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that cefixime interferes with an autolysin inhibitor. Cefixime is sold under the brand name Suprax, indicated for the treatment of:
Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections
Otitis Media
Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis
Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis
Uncomplicated Gonorrhea (cervical/urethral)
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1993)
Source:
NDA020263
(1993)
Source URL:
First approved in 1985
Source:
LUPRON by ABBVIE ENDOCRINE INC
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Leuprolide acetate is a synthetic nonapeptide analog of naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or LH-RH). The analog possesses greater potency than the natural hormone. It acts primarily on the anterior pituitary, inducing a transient early rise in gonadotrophin release. With continued use, leuprorelin causes pituitary desensitisation and/or down-regulation, leading to suppressed circulating levels of gonadotrophins and sex hormones. Leuprolide acetate used to treat a wide range of sex hormone-related disorders including advanced prostatic cancer, uterine leiomyomata (fibroids), endometriosis and precocious puberty.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2021)
Source:
ANDA212533
(2021)
Source URL:
First approved in 1985
Source:
NDA018948
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Levocarnitine propionate or Propionyl L-carnitine (PLC) is the propionyl ester of L-carnitine. Propionyl-L-carnitine stimulates energy production in ischaemic muscles by increasing citric acid cycle flux and stimulating pyruvate dehydrogenase activity. The free radical scavenging activity of the drug may also be beneficial. Propionyl-L-carnitine improves coagulative fibrinolytic homeostasis in vasal endothelium and positively affects blood viscosity. It exhibits a high affinity for the muscle enzyme, carnitine acyl transferase, and as such readily converts into propionyl-CoA and free carnitine. Most studies of the therapeutic use of PLC are focused on the prevention and treatment of ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, hypertrophic heart disease, and peripheral arterial disease. PLC is marketed under the trade name Dromos®. It is indicated for patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disorders and for exercise intolerance enhancement in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Dromos is marketed in Italy.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2018)
Source:
ANDA210015
(2018)
Source URL:
First approved in 1985
Source:
WELLBUTRIN by GLAXOSMITHKLINE
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Bupropion, an antidepressant of the aminoketone class and a non-nicotine aid to smoking cessation, is chemically unrelated to tricyclic, tetracyclic, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor, or other known antidepressant agents. Compared to classical tricyclic antidepressants, Bupropion is a relatively weak inhibitor of the neuronal uptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. In addition, Bupropion does not inhibit monoamine oxidase. Bupropion produces dose-related central nervous system (CNS) stimulant effects in animals, as evidenced by increased locomotor activity, increased rates of responding in various schedule-controlled operant behavior tasks, and, at high doses, induction of mild stereotyped behavior. Bupropion is marketed as Wellbutrin, Zyban, and generics. Bupropion is indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). WELLBUTRIN, WELLBUTRIN SR, and
WELLBUTRIN XL are not approved for smoking cessation treatment, but bupropion under the name ZYBAN is approved for this use.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1993)
Source:
NDA020263
(1993)
Source URL:
First approved in 1985
Source:
LUPRON by ABBVIE ENDOCRINE INC
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Leuprolide acetate is a synthetic nonapeptide analog of naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or LH-RH). The analog possesses greater potency than the natural hormone. It acts primarily on the anterior pituitary, inducing a transient early rise in gonadotrophin release. With continued use, leuprorelin causes pituitary desensitisation and/or down-regulation, leading to suppressed circulating levels of gonadotrophins and sex hormones. Leuprolide acetate used to treat a wide range of sex hormone-related disorders including advanced prostatic cancer, uterine leiomyomata (fibroids), endometriosis and precocious puberty.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2018)
Source:
ANDA207567
(2018)
Source URL:
First approved in 1985
Source:
NDA019194
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Trientine, also known as triethylenetatramine or abbreviation TETA, is a highly selective divalent Cu(II) chelator and orphan drug that reverses copper overload in tissues. It was approved as second-line pharmacotherapy for Wilson's disease. Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration) is an autosomal inherited metabolic defect resulting in an inability to maintain a near-zero balance of copper. Excess copper accumulates possibly because the liver lacks the mechanism to excrete free copper into the bile. Hepatocytes store excess copper but when their capacity is exceeded copper is released into the blood and is taken up into extrahepatic sites. This condition is treated with a low copper diet and the use of chelating agents that bind copper to facilitate its excretion from the body. Although penicillamine treatment is believed to be more extensive, TETA therapy has been shown to be an effective initial therapy. In addition, TETA is in a clinical trial phase II for the prevention of the Macular Edema after Cataract Surgery. TETA is also considered a potential chemotherapeutic agent as it could be a telomerase inhibitor. Chelating excess copper may affect copper-induced angiogenesis. Other mechanisms of action of TETA for alternative therapeutic implications include improved antioxidant defense against oxidative stress, pro-apoptosis, and reduced inflammation.
