Lodenosine is the experimental HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It was designed as a chemically and enzymatically stable anti-AIDS drug. A phase II trial of the nucleoside analog lodenosine was suspended after one participant died and others showed signs of liver or kidney damage.

Morazone is is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), originally developed by the German pharmaceutical company Ravensberg in the 1950s. Morazone was used as a moderately strong analgesic but was discontinued due to high abuse potential

Oletimol was developed as an antirheumatic agent that has never been marketed. Information about the current use of this drug is not available.

Indisulam (also known as E7070) is a sulfonamide derivative patented by Japanese pharmaceutical company Eisai Co. as antitumor agent. Indisulam inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), which regulate cell cycle progression and are usually over-expressed in cancerous cells. Inhibition of CDK results in G1/S phase arrest of the cell cycle, and may lead to induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Preclinical and clinical studies have established the synergy of indisulam with nucleoside analogs as well as topoisomerase inhibitors. These combinations were tolerated with acceptable toxicities, including diarrhea, vomiting, and myelosuppression. In Phase II clinical trials Combination of indisulam with DNA‐damaging agent (idarubicin) and nucleoside analog (cytarabine) in patients with relapsed and refractory AML is effective and largely well tolerated.

Cocaethylene is the ethyl ester of benzoylecgonine. Cocaethylene is formed in the liver after concurrent use of cocaine and alcohol. Cocaethylene works by blocking the dopamine transporter on dopaminergic presynaptic nerve terminals in the brain. It increases dopamine synaptic content, provoking enhanced postsynaptic receptor stimulation, resulting in euphoria, reinforcement, and self-administration. Compared to cocaine, which is a methyl ether of benzoylecgonine, cocaethylene has three to five times larger half-life in plasma. Cocaethylene is associated with seizures, liver damage and compromised the functioning of the immune system. It carries an 18-25 fold increase in risk for immediate death compared to cocaine alone.

BIIB021 binds in the ATP-binding pocket of Hsp90, interferes with Hsp90 chaperone function, and results in client protein degradation and tumor growth inhibition. Hsp90 is overexpressed in many types of cancer and acts to stabilize malignancy producing oncoproteins. Therefore, inhibition of Hsp90 with BIIB021 leads to the degradation of oncoproteins that drive malignancy.

Tariquidar, a non-competitive, specific P-glycoprotein (Pgp) inhibitor, is an anthranilamide derivative with multidrug resistance properties. Tariquidar binds to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport protein Pgp, thereby inhibiting transmembrane transport of anticancer drugs resulting in their increased intracellular concentrations augmenting cytotoxicity of an anticancer drug. Tariquidar was discovered by Xenova Group and was developed for the treatment of multidrug resistance in cancer. In October 2002 the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted fast track review status to tariquidar for the treatment of multi-drug resistance in first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Tariquidar is still undergoing research as an adjuvant against multidrug resistance in cancer.

Cintazone is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is was discovered in the 1960s, and was shown to be an anti-phlogistic agent in animal studies. Clinical development of this drug is not reported.

Marizomib is a natural beta-lactone produced by the marine bacterium Salinispora tropica. Marizomib has a broad inhibition profile for the 20S proteasome and has been shown to inhibit the CT-L (beta5) CT-T-laspase-like (C-L, beta1) and trypsin-like (T-L, beta2) activities of the 20S proteasome. The drug is being tested in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of Multiple Myeloma and Malignant Glioma and in phase I in patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Melanoma or Lymphoma

Rabusertib is a Chk1 kinase inhibitor which was developed by ICOS for the treatment of cancer. The drug was tested in phase II of clinical trials for pancreatic cancer and non small cell lung carcinoma, but its development was discontinued. Now the drug is undergoing phase I trial in Japanese patients with solid tumors.