U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

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Showing 421 - 430 of 4227 results

Sodium taurodeoxycholate is a bile salt-related, anionic detergent used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. It is formed by the conjugation of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) with taurine. Sodium taurodeoxycholate and ursodeoxycholic acid are major constituents of black bear bile, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Bear bile was historically employed to treat a number of diseases including jaundice, summer diarrhea, abdominal pain due to hepatobiliary diseases and gastric malfunction, biliary ascariasis, infectious skin diseases, the common cold, intestinal worms, and inflammation of the throat. Sodium taurodeoxycholate has been shown to inhibit apoptosis by modulating mitochondrial membrane perturbation and pore formation, B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated protein X (BAX) translocation, cytochrome c release, and caspase activation. Sodium taurodeoxycholate inhibits amyloid beta (Ab)-induced apoptosis and attenuates the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which are thought to be key components of the pathological process in certain diseases. In clinical studies, Sodium taurodeoxycholate is shown to be very safe with oral administration of 1500 mg/day for up to 6 months. In a more recent clinical study, a dose of 1750 mg/day for up to 4 weeks was well tolerated in healthy obese persons. One of the major adverse effects of Sodium taurodeoxycholate is diarrhea. Based on the related information from ursodeoxycholic acid, other gastrointestinal side effects are possible including abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea, dyspepsia, and anorexia.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT02098161: Phase 2 Interventional Completed Polycythemia Vera, Post-Polycythemic Myelofibrosis Phase
(2014)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)



Ipatasertib (LCL161) binds to inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) with high affinity and initiates the destruction of cIAP1 and cIAP2, which further induces apoptosis via caspase activation. Ipatasertib is advancing in clinical development including five Phase 2 trials in patients with Breast cancer, Multiple myeloma, Myelofibrosis, Small cell lung cancer and Ovarian cancer. The most common LCL161-related adverse events were nausea and vomiting.
RRX-001, also known as ABDNAZ, is a dinitroazetidine derivative with potential radiosensitizing activity. Upon administration, RRx-001 is able to dilate blood vessels, thereby increasing tumor blood flow and thus improving oxygenation to the tumor site. By increasing oxygen levels, these tumor cells may be more susceptible to radiation therapy. Tumor hypoxia is correlated with tumor aggressiveness, metastasis and resistance to radiotherapy. In mouse models, RRx-001 administered intravenously as a single agent was equipotent to cisplatin while better tolerated. RRx-001 also showed activity as a radiosensitizer in both in vitro and in vivo models. The activity of RRx-001 is thought to be associated with a nucleophilic substitution by circulating thiol compounds and covalent binding of RRx-001 to cysteinyl residues in Hb, followed by the generation of nitrogen oxides. During 2014-2015 EpicentRx has launched Phase 2 trials in brain, colorectal, non-small cell lung, small cell lung and cholangiocarcinoma both alone and in combination. The anti-proliferative effects of RRx-001 are not explainable via a single mechanism. RRx-001 exerts its anti-proliferative effect, at least partially, through interference with glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a key enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, responsible for maintaining adequate levels of the major cellular reductant, NADPH.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT04473053: Phase 1/Phase 2 Interventional Recruiting COVID-19
(2020)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)



TD139 is a highly potent, specific inhibitor of the galactoside binding pocket of galectin-3. TD139 is formulated for inhalation, which enables direct targeting the fibrotic tissue in the lungs, while minimizing systemic exposure. TD139 was initially developed by a team of scientists from Lund University, Sweden, and Edinburgh University, the UK. TD-139 is in phase I/II clinical trials for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT04593784: Phase 2 Interventional Recruiting Healthy
(2021)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)


Conditions:

Ciraparantag (PER-977, aripazine), developed by Perosphere Inc., is a small, synthetic, water-soluble, cationic molecule and can reverse the anticoagulation mediated by unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, factor Xa and factor IIa inhibitors, and fondaparinux. It has the potential to be a universal antidote, inhibiting nearly all anticoagulants except vitamin K antagonists and argatroban. In April 2015, ciraparantag received FDA fast-track designation as an investigational anticoagulant reversal agent. Phase I/II trials are currently underway to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PER977 in reversing anticoagulation of edoxaban, LMWH, and UFH.2.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT01631383: Phase 1 Interventional Completed Cocaine Use
(2012)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)



Tetrahydropalmatine is a tetrahydroprotoberberine isoquinoline alkaloid that is a primary active constituent of herbal preparations containing plant species of the genera Stephania and Corydalis. The levo isomer of THP (L-THP) appears to contribute to many of the therapeutic effects of these preparations. The pharmacological profile of L-THP, which includes antagonism of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors and actions at dopamine D3, suggests that it may have utility for treating addiction. Clinical trials where L-THP was used for the treatment of cocaine and heroin addiction have promising results. The clinical trial is planned for the treatment of schizophrenia. L-Tetrahydropalmatine is recorded in the Chinese pharmacopoeia.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT02977780: Phase 2 Interventional Recruiting Glioblastoma
(2017)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



CC-115 is a recently identified inhibitor of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin Kinase (TORK) and DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase (DNA-PK). It is under investigation in phase II clinical trials for the treatment for Glioblastoma and in phase I trials for the treatment of prostate cancer, Ewing's, Osteosarcoma, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
Cancer. Jan 1998;82(2):292-300.: Phase 2 Human clinical trial Completed Lung Neoplasms
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (UNKNOWN)



Echinomycin is a cyclic peptide of the family of quinoxaline antibiotics that was originally isolated from Streptomyces echinatus. It is thought to act as a bifunctional DNA intercalator. Echinomycin has a binding site size of four base pairs. The strong binding sites for echinomycin contain the central two-base-pair sequence 5'-CG-3'. Echinomycin interferes with HIF-1 DNA binding in a sequence-specific fashion. It was brought into clinical trials by the NCI 20 years ago based on its antitumor activity. It has been extensively tested in phase I-II clinical trials. Nausea, vomiting, reversible liver enzyme abnormalities, and allergic reactions were the most common toxicities encountered. However, minimal or no antitumor activity was found in phase II clinical trials.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT04533529: Phase 3 Interventional Completed Depressive Disorder, Major
(2020)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)

2-(4,6-DIMETHYLPYRIMIDIN-2-YL)-5-((2-FLUORO-6-(2H-1,2,3-TRIAZOL-2-YL)PHENYL)CARBONYL)OCTAHYDROPYRROLO(3,4-C)PYRROLE (Seltorexant, MIN 202), a small molecule, selective orexin receptor type-2 antagonist, is being developed by Minerva Neurosciences and Janssen Research & Development for the treatment of insomnia and major depressive disorder. Seltorexant has shown high in vitro affinity (affinity pKi =8.0 and 6.1 for OX2R and OX1R respectively) for the human OX2R and approximates two logs selectivity ratio versus its affinity for the OX1R. Seltorexant demonstrated a dose-dependent normalization of sleep and a trend towards improvement of subjective depressive symptoms in antidepressant-treated MDD patients with residual insomnia. Additionally, seltorexant’s favorable PK profile as a potential sedative-hypnotic drug was confirmed in a MDD population and did not demonstrate unacceptable adverse events or unwanted next-day CNS effects. Seltorexant is in phase II clinical trials for both insomnia and MDD.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT01782664: Phase 2 Interventional Completed Psoriasis
(2013)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



Solcitinib (also known as GSK2586184 or GLPG0778) is a selective Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor, for the treatment of psoriasis, lupus, and ulcerative colitis. Galapagos NV's collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline has hit a roadblock. It was reported that its Big Pharma partner had hit the brakes on a Phase II study of GSK2586184 for lupus after a first look at the data failed to demonstrate a positive effect. And an exploratory Phase I/II of the same drug for ulcerative colitis was put on hold as investigators review the program.