Niguldipine, a mixture of two forms: (-) and (+)-Niguldipine is an antagonist of alpha 1A adrenoreceptors. Preclinical studies of niguldipine as an anticonvulsive drug on mice was revealed that the use of niguldipine in epileptic patients seems questionable.

Sinapic acid is one of the most common hydroxycinnamic acids and is widespread in the plant kingdom. It has been identified in various fruits, vegetables, cereal grains, oilseed crops, some spices, and medicinal plants. Sinapic acid and its derivatives possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anti-anxiety activities.

Mimosine or leucenol is an alkaloid, beta-3-hydroxy-4 pyridone amino acid. Mimosine is an effective inhibitor of DNA replication in mammalian cells. It blocks entry into S phase (late G1 phase), and suppress elongation of DNA replication (S phase). The chelation of iron seems to be one of the main modes of action of mimosine for cell cycle arrest. As an iron-chelating and cell cycle stopping agent, mimosine was tested in preclinical models of cancer, pulmonary fibrosis and iron overload.