Dihydralazine is a compound with antihypertensive properties and is in clinical trials, where is studied its effect on kidney function and hormones in healthy individuals.

A-escin (Escin Ia) and isoescin Ia have been traditionally used clinically as the chief active ingredients of escin, a major triterpene saponin isolated from horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) seeds for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, hemorrhoids, inflammation and edema. A-escin administration to prednisolone-treated rats slightly reduced the unfavorable effects of prednisolone on width of periosteal and endosteal osteoid and periosteal transverse growth in the tibia. A-escin suppresses the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition via down-regulating LOXL2 expression. Escin Ia has being shown to inhibit pancreatic lipase.

Cefuzoname (CZON, L-105) is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, has broad spectrum on Gram-positive or -negative bacteria and may also be effective against Staphylococcus aureus against which third generation cephalosporins are largely ineffective.

Alprenolol is a beta adrenoreceptor blocking agent and 5HT1A antagonist, developed by AstraZeneca and now available as generic drug. It is used for treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris due to coronary atherosclerosis and acute myocardial infarction.

Methylarsonic acid, monosodium salt is an organoarsenic compound formed from the methylation of inorganic arsenic by living organisms. Methylarsonate is used as a contact herbicide in either the monosodium or disodium salt form. It goes by the trade names Weed-E-Rad, Ansar 170 H.C., Ansar 529 H.C., DiTac and others. Methylarsonate is considered only slightly toxic, having an oral LD50 of 2200 mg/Kg for rats. The inhalation risk is greater with LD50 Rats >20 mg. Long term studies with people exposed to organoarsenicals has shown an increased risk of skin cancer (Spiewak, 2001), lung cancer and some liver cancers, although some recent studies have shown some arsenic containing compounds (specifically Arsine trioxide) may have anticarcinogenic properties (Wang, 2001). In mammals, Methylarsonate is also an intermediate in the detoxification of inorganic arsenic. In the arsenate detoxification I pathway, arsenite reacts with S-adenosyl-L-methionine to produce methylarsonate and S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. Arsenite methyltransferase catalyzes this reaction. Methylarsonate then reacts with 2 glutathione molecules to produce glutathione disulfide and methylarsonite. This reaction is catalyzed by methylarsonate reductase. Methylarsonate is an organic arsenic compound with adverse effects similar to those of arsenic trioxide. Methylarsonate was formerly included in some vitamin and mineral preparations. It was once used to treat tuberculosis, chorea, and other affections in which the cacodylates were used.

Cefbuperazone (cefalosporin antibiotic) is marketed under the brand name Keiperazon by Kaken, and Tomiproan by Toyama, Japan. It is powder for injection 0.5 and 1 g/ampoule. It is indicated to treat infections with susceptible microorganisms. It has been proposed especially against Pseudomonas infections. Cefbuperazone binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall.

Mechlorethamine Oxide was approved by the FDA in 1949 for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, alkylating agents are the oldest class of anticancer agents. A biologic alkylating agent exerts its cytotoxic effects by forming DNA adducts and DNA interstrand crosslinks, thereby inhibiting rapidly proliferating cells. Mechlorethamine Oxide is an antineoplastic agent used to treat Hodgkin desease and Lymphoma. Known under the brand names of Mustargen and Valchlor in USA. The FDA granted marketing approval for the orphan drug Valchlor (mechlorethamine) gel on August 23, 2013 for the topical treatment of stage IA and IB mycosis fungoides-type cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) in patients who have received prior skin-directed therapy. Each tube of Valchlor contains 0.016% of mechlorethamine which is equivalent to 0.02% mechlorethamine HCL.

Cefetamet pivoxil is an oral third-generation cephalosporin which is hydrolysed to form the active agent, cefetamet. Cefetamet has excellent in vitro activity against the major respiratory pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis and group A beta-haemolytic streptococci; it is active against beta-lactamase-producing strains of H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis, but has poor activity against penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae. Cefetamet has marked activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and possesses a broad spectrum of activity against Enterobacteriaceae. Both staphylococci and Pseudomonas spp. are resistant to cefetamet. Cefetamet pivoxil has been investigated in the treatment of both upper and lower community-acquired respiratory tract infections and has demonstrated equivalent efficacy to a number of more established agents, namely cefaclor, amoxicillin and cefixime. In complicated urinary tract infections, cefetamet pivoxil showed similar efficacy to cefadroxil, cefaclor and cefuroxime axetil. Cefetamet pivoxil was effective in the treatment of otitis media, pneumonia, pharyngotonsillitis and urinary tract infections in children. Cefetamet is not extensively bound to plasma proteins. Cefetamet has a relatively small apparent volume of distribution consistent with that of other beta-lactam antibiotics. The absorption and disposition of cefetamet in human subpopulations [i.e. children, elderly (< 75 years of age), renal impairment, liver disease and patients taking concomitant drugs] have been studied extensively. Only impaired renal function appears to significantly alter the elimination of this drug. Cefetamet pivoxil exerts its bactericidal action by inhibition the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial cell wall by binding to one or more of the Penicillin-binding Proteins (PBPs).

Ceftezole sodium is a cephalosporin antibiotic. Ceftezole was found to be a broad-spectrum antibiotic, active in vitro against many species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens and Proteus vulgaris. Ceftezole sodium is used as an injectable or through an intravenous mode of delivery. The bactericidal activity of ceftezole results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis via affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). The PBPs are transpeptidases which are vital in peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Therefore, their inhibition prevents this vital cell wall component from being properly synthesized. Ceftezole has been shown to exhibit potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In in vitro alpha-glucosidase assays, ceftezole was shown to be a reversible, non-competitive inhibitor of yeast alpha-glucosidase with a Ki value of 5.78 x 10(-7) M when the enzyme mixture was pretreated with ceftezole. Ceftezole is used for the treatment of susceptible bacterial infections including septicemia, respiratory, biliary or GU tract, skin and skin structure, endocarditis. Surgical prophylaxis.

Aminoacridine derivative that is a potent intercalating antineoplastic agent. It is effective in the treatment of acute leukemias and malignant lymphomas, but has poor activity in the treatment of solid tumors. It is frequently used in combination with other antineoplastic agents in chemotherapy protocols. It produces consistent but acceptable myelosuppression and cardiotoxic effects. Although its mechanism of action is incompletely defined, amsacrine inhibits DNA synthesis by binding to and intercalating with DNA. Amsacrine also inhibits topoisomerase II activity and may exert an effect on cell membranes. This agent also possesses immunosuppressive and antiviral properties. While amsacrine is not cell cycle phase-specific, cytotoxicity is maximal during the G2 and S phases.