PX-102 is a methoxyphenylcyclopropane derivative patented by Phenex Pharmaceuticals AG as Farnesoid X receptor agonists useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of FXR-mediated diseases. The Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) is a bile acid receptor which when activated by Px-102 has a profound positive impact on cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose metabolism in liver and intestine. In preclinical studies, Px-102 potently reduces intestinal uptake of neutral lipids and cholesterol and at the same time enhances the excretion of these lipid species. In addition, Px-102 improves hepatic insulin sensitivity and shows massive hepatoprotective effects in animal models of liver cirrhosis or fibrosis. Phenex Pharmaceuticals completes a phase I trial in Healthy volunteers in Germany in 2012 and no further development report has been published.

Dimesna is a prodrug of mesna (dimer of mesna). Dimesna is reduced to mesna in the kidneys. Dimesna does not prevent cellular damage by metabolites of ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide in the renal tubular cell line LLC-PK1. Dimesna is a mucolytic agent used to alleviate toxic side effects of antitumor drugs. The organic acid transporter OAT4 on the luminal side of the proximal renal tubule facilitates the reabsorption of dimesna, and therefore its reduction to mesna, whereas the multidrug and toxin extrusion protein MATE1, the multidrug resistance protein MRP2, and P glycoprotein facilitate the efflux of mesna and/or dimesna back into the lumen; dimesna may also be excreted unchanged by MRP4. It has therefore been suggested that polymorphism of these renal transport proteins or transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions may reduce the efficacy of mesna and dimesna.

Monophosphothiamine is thiamine derivative used for the treatment of neuritis, polyneuritis, asthenic conditions (weakness), as an additional remedy for chronic blood circulation insufficiency, chronic gastritis accompanied by motor and secretory disorders functions of the stomach. Monophosphothiamine underwent metabolic phosphorylation to active metabolite thiamine pyrophosphate, that acts as a coenzyme in the different metabolic process.

Sodium sulfanilate is a salt of sulphanilic acid and has been used to monitor the degree of renal dysfunction in dogs.