Sulfisoxazole is a sulfonamide antibacterial antibiotic. The sulfonamides are synthetic bacteriostatic antibiotics with a wide spectrum against most gram-positive and many gram-negative organisms. However, many strains of an individual species may be resistant. Sulfisoxazole acetyl in combination with erythromycin ethylsuccinate is used for treatment of ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA in children that is caused by susceptible strains of Haemophilus influenzae. Sulfisoxazole acetyl is a prodrug of sulfisoxazole. Acetyl group is added to make the drug poorly water soluble, and is hydrolyzed in vivo to the active drug. Sulfisoxazole and its acetylated metabolites are excreted primarily by the kidneys through glomerular filtration. Sulfisoxazole is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. It inhibits bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by preventing the condensation of the pteridine with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), a substrate of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. The inhibited reaction is necessary in these organisms for the synthesis of folic acid

Acetyltryptophan,DL- functions readily as a component of the food in place of the free amino acid - a greater amount of acetyltryptophane,DL- than dl-tryptophane may be available to man. Acetyltryptophan,DL- is used as an additive in the protein microbubbles, used in various biomedical applications such as contrast imaging, targeted drug and gene delivery, delivery of drugs through blood brain barrier (BBB) and IV O2 delivery etc. In the breast cancer biomarkers search, lower levels of endogenous metabolite Acetyltryptophan, DL- was identified in the fluid from the affected breasts compared to the control breast fluid.

Bambuterol is an active precursor of the selective beta2-adrenergic agonist terbutaline. Bambuterol is the bis-N,N-dimethyl-carbamate of terbutaline. Bambuterol is a remarkably selective and potent inhibitor of cholinesterase. BAMBEC (Bambuterol hydrochloride) oral solution or tablets are indicated for the management of asthma, bronchospasm and/or reversible airways obstruction.

Celiprolol is beta blocker, used to treat high blood pressure. Celiprolol is a selective β1 receptor antagonist, β2 receptor partial agonist. Celiprolol is not approved by the FDA, but is available worldwide under brand names Cardem, Selectol, Celipres, Celipro, Celol, Cordiax, Dilanorm. It is used to treat mild to moderate hypertension and angina prectoris. In 2010 celiprolol has demonstrated positive results in the prevention of vascular complications of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Celiprolol has fewer CNS-related side effects than other beta blockers presumably because of limited penetration through blood-brain barrier because of its solubility.

Cefprozil is a 2nd generation cephalosporin that is FDA approved for the treatment of mild to moderate infections of upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract, and uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections. Cefprozil, like the penicillins, is a beta-lactam antibiotic. By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, it inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Common adverse reactions include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, abdominal pain and vaginitis. Nephrotoxicity has been reported following concomitant administration of aminoglycoside antibiotics and cephalosporin antibiotics. Concomitant administration of probenecid doubled the AUC for cefprozil.