U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

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Showing 171 - 180 of 202 results

structurally diverse
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US

Class:
STRUCTURALLY DIVERSE

structurally diverse
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Lebody Fit Body Massager Plus by Gtg Wellness Co., Ltd.
Source URL:

Class:
STRUCTURALLY DIVERSE

structurally diverse
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
IZUN Periactive Mouthwash by Izun Pharmaceuticals Corporation
Source URL:

Class:
STRUCTURALLY DIVERSE

structurally diverse
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Blood Care Honzo Seika Chinese Herbal Aroma Oil by Nic Co., Ltd.
Source URL:
First approved in 1961

Class:
STRUCTURALLY DIVERSE

structurally diverse
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Canada:URTICA URENS
Source URL:

Class:
STRUCTURALLY DIVERSE

Group 1 Specified Substance
Status:
Other

Class:
G1 SPECIFIED SUBSTANCE

Status:
First marketed in 1931
Source:
Benzedrine Inhaler
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)



Amphetamine is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity. Amphetamine was discovered in 1887 and exists as two enantiomers: levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine. The mode of therapeutic action in ADHD is not known. Amphetamines are thought to block the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine into the presynaptic neuron and increase the release of these monoamines into the extraneuronal space. At higher dosages, they cause release of dopamine from the mesocorticolimbic system and the nigrostriatal dopamine systems. Amphetamine may also act as a direct agonist on central 5-HT receptors and may inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO). In the periphery, amphetamines are believed to cause the release of noradrenaline by acting on the adrenergic nerve terminals and alpha- and beta-receptors. Modulation of serotonergic pathways may contribute to the calming affect. The drug interacts with VMAT enzymes to enhance release of DA and 5-HT from vesicles. It may also directly cause the reversal of DAT and SERT. Several currently prescribed amphetamine formulations contain both enantiomers, including Adderall, Dyanavel XR, and Evekeo, the last of which is racemic amphetamine sulfate. Amphetamine is also prescribed in enantiopure and prodrug form as dextroamphetamine and lisdexamfetamine respectively. Lisdexamfetamine is structurally different from amphetamine, and is inactive until it metabolizes into dextroamphetamine.

Showing 171 - 180 of 202 results