Rose Bengal lactone is a polyhalogenated derivative of Fluorescein. Rose Bengal lactone is a dye compound described to produce cell membrane damage. Rose Bengal lactone and other Fluorescein derivatives are also described to modulate the function of ATP-sensitive K+ channels. Rose bengal lactone reacts readily with bases so treatment with triethylamine immediately yields the Rose Bengal salt.

Dithiothreitol is a chemical reagent with a wide actuation spectrum not only from a laboratorial view but also from a therapeutic standpoint, more clinical and practical. DTT (i) is frequently used in a variety of experiences that involve proteins or peptides, protecting sulfhydryl groups from oxidation and reducing disulfide bonds between cysteines; (ii) is also used in the study of disulfide exchange reactions of protein disulfides; (iii) is able to keep glutathione in the reduced state; (iv) acts as an "antidote" enabling the activity of detoxification systems; (v) participates in cellular mechanisms such as vesiculation, cell morphology, signal transduction pathways (hormone-'like' role), etc.; (vi) can be used in the treatment approach of diseases like cystinosis or medical conditions resulting from ion or metal toxicity. DTT is as a reducing or "deprotecting" agent. DTT protects notably enzyme activity loss by the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups. The DTT removal is performed by standard desalting.procedures (dialysis, gelfiltration). As an antioxidant, it is used as a protective agent against ionizing radiations in living cells. It has been used to enhance or inhibit enzymes or receptors activity.

Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) is a chemical used in color photography processing. Dinitrochlorobenzene has been successfully used to treat warts. It requires follow-up applications that might be done either in the office by the doctor or a nurse, or at home by the patient. The therapy was working immunologically to enable the body to recognize the foreign virus. The cure is associated with normalization of the cell-mediated immune response. Some researchers and community activists proposed that when DNCB is applied to the skin once a week, it stimulates the immune system to control HIV replication and delay opportunistic infections. Some research shows that DNCB leads to increases in CD8 (T-killer or T-8) cells. Dinitrochlorobenzene is not approved by the FDA, and is considered experimental. There are possible drawbacks to this treatment. The autoeczematization is not rare. Dinitrochlorobenzene is used to induce experimental dermatitis in rats. It is a potent contact allergen.

Temefos (Diphos, Temephos) is an organophosphate larvicide, used to treat water infested with disease-carrying insects including mosquitoes, midges, and black fly larvae. Temefos affects the central nervous system through inhibition of cholinesterase, results in death before reaching the adult stage. Diphos has been used in trials studying the treatment of Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria. Temephos was first registered in the United States in 1965 by American Cyanamid Company for a number of uses including citrus fruits, pet collars, and mosquito control. A Registration Standard was issued in August, 1981. In response to EPA's 1991 Data Call-In, American Cyanamid dropped all uses except the mosquito larvicide use in non-potable waters and requested a low volume minor use waiver for relief from the data requirements associated with that use.

Oil orange SS (or FD&C orange No. 2), an azo compound that was studied as a food color. It was found that the Oil orange SS could lead to the tumors, carcinomas of the bladder.

Metanil yellow is a yellow azo dye. Due to its toxic effect on the liver, brain and reproductive organs, the use of metanil yellow in the food industry is not permitted. Despite its status, metanil yellow was found in 16.4% of the sampled food products in India. It was used to color bakery goods, cereals, beverages, candies, gelatin, and numerous other commodities. Metanil yellow is used as an adulterant for curcumin in the turmeric powder.

Fenvalerate is type II pyrethroid and widely used pesticide. Fenvalerate is listed under Class IV of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) Surveillance Index Classification, indicating a low hazard potential to humans from both exposure and toxicological standpoints. Fenvalerate irreversibly prolongs the sodium current during depolarization. The sensitization of sodium channels, probably tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium channels, by the long-term activation of protein kinase C may play an important role in the enhancement of the duration of fenvalerate-induced nociceptive behavior in diabetic mice. Fenvalerate inhibits testosterone synthesis via pathways involving intracellular Ca(2+) and circadian clock genes (Bmal1, Rev-Erb alpha, Ror alpha) as well as StAR mRNA expression in TM3 cells. It potently inhibits human CYP2D6 and moderately CYP3A4. Fenvalerate has an anxiolytic effect on rats.