Dimemorfan is a nonnarcotic antitussive drug. The antitussive action of dimemorfan appears to be directly on the cough center in the medulla.

Clebopride is a dopamine antagonist drug. It is used to treat functional gastrointestinal disorder such as nausea or vomiting. Unchanged parent drug was the most abundant compound in human urine. Major metabolites included the hydroxylation at benzyl group to yield carbinolamine and its further N-dealkylation product, and the piperidine ring hydroxylation/oxidation metabolite (a lactam).

Dipyrone, also known as Metamizole (INN), is an ampyrone sulfonate analgesic, antispasmodic and antipyretic. It was withdrawn from US market in 1977 on the basis of reports of agranulocytosis. Depyrone is still used to treat severe and diffucult for relieving pains of different origin; headache, tooth-ache, pains in the joints, muscles, following traumas and operations, gall and kidney colics, neurites, neuralgias, traumatic cerebrasthenia; inflammation of upper respiratory ways of microbial or virus origin; chorea; febrile states. Mechanism of action of dipyrone is complex. It is believed that dipyrone exerts its action by inhibiting COX-3, and activates opioid and cannabioid systems either itself, or by products of its metabolic degradation.

Dipyrone, also known as Metamizole (INN), is an ampyrone sulfonate analgesic, antispasmodic and antipyretic. It was withdrawn from US market in 1977 on the basis of reports of agranulocytosis. Depyrone is still used to treat severe and diffucult for relieving pains of different origin; headache, tooth-ache, pains in the joints, muscles, following traumas and operations, gall and kidney colics, neurites, neuralgias, traumatic cerebrasthenia; inflammation of upper respiratory ways of microbial or virus origin; chorea; febrile states. Mechanism of action of dipyrone is complex. It is believed that dipyrone exerts its action by inhibiting COX-3, and activates opioid and cannabioid systems either itself, or by products of its metabolic degradation.

Clebopride is a dopamine antagonist drug. It is used to treat functional gastrointestinal disorder such as nausea or vomiting. Unchanged parent drug was the most abundant compound in human urine. Major metabolites included the hydroxylation at benzyl group to yield carbinolamine and its further N-dealkylation product, and the piperidine ring hydroxylation/oxidation metabolite (a lactam).

Clebopride is a dopamine antagonist drug. It is used to treat functional gastrointestinal disorder such as nausea or vomiting. Unchanged parent drug was the most abundant compound in human urine. Major metabolites included the hydroxylation at benzyl group to yield carbinolamine and its further N-dealkylation product, and the piperidine ring hydroxylation/oxidation metabolite (a lactam).

Boldenone (INN, BAN), also known as Δ1-testosterone, 1-dihydrotestosterone, or androsta-1,4-dien-3-one-17β-ol (train name Equipoise) is a long-acting injectable anabolic agent for horses, supplied in a vial providing 50 mg boldenone undecylenate per mL in sesame oil with 3% (w/v) benzyl alcohol as a preservative. The activity of boldenone is mainly anabolic, with a low androgenic potency. Boldenone will increase nitrogen retention, protein synthesis increases appetite and stimulates the release of erythropoietin in the kidneys. Boldenone was synthesized in an attempt to create a long-acting injectable methandrostenolone (Dianabol), for androgen deficiency disorders. Boldenone acts similar to methandrostenolone with fewer adverse androgenic effects. Although commonly compared to nandrolone, boldenone lacks progesterone receptor interaction and all the associated progestogenic side effects. Equipoise (Boldenone Undecylenate Injection) is recommended as an aid for treating debilitated horses when an improvement in weight, haircoat or general physical condition is desired. Debilitation often follows disease or may occur following overwork and overexertion. Boldenone improves the general state of debilitated horses, thus aiding in correcting weight losses and improving appetite. It is not a substitute for a well-balanced diet. Optimal results can be expected only when good management and feeding practices are utilized. Boldenone should be considered only as adjunctive therapy to other specific and supportive therapy for diseases, surgical cases, and traumatic injuries.

Flunarizine is a selective calcium entry blocker with calmodulin binding properties and histamine H1 / dopamine D2 blocking activity. It is not available in the US but marketed in other countries for prophylaxis of a migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, the vertigo of central and peripheral origin, motion sickness and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy. The drug is also investigated for the treatment of schizophrenia.

Benzydamine (benzydamine hydrochloride, PHARIXIA®) is a benzyl-indazole having analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It is indicated for the relief of pain in acute sore throat and for the symptomatic relief of oro-pharyngeal mucositis caused by radiation therapy.

Ambroxol, a substituted benzylamine, is an active metabolite of bromhexine, which is itself a synthetic derivative of vasicine, the active principle extracted from the plant species Adhatoda vasica. Ambroxol is an expectorant exerting mucokinetic properties, mucociliary activity, stimulation of surfactant production, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions and the local anaesthetic effect. Ambroxol was discovered at and has been manufactured by Dr. Karl Thomae GmbH, a division of Boehringer Ingelheim. The ambroxol patent is expired and the drug is available as a generic product from many different companies. Ambroxol was originally developed by Boehringer Ingelheim as a OTC therapy for respiratory disorders related to excessive mucus. Ambroxol's indication is secretolytic therapy in acute and chronic bronchopulmonary diseases associated with abnormal mucus secretion and impaired mucus transport. Boehringer Ingelheim markets the product under various brand names such as Mucosolvan® and Lasolvan®. Ambroxol was identified and found to be a pH-dependent, mixed-type inhibitor of glucocerebrosidase (GCase). Its inhibitory activity was maximal at neutral pH, found in the endoplasmic reticulum, and undetectable at the acidic pH of lysosomes. The pH dependence of Ambroxol to bind and stabilize the enzyme was confirmed. Ambroxol increases both the lysosomal fraction and the enzymatic activity of several mutant GCase variants. This profile of Ambroxol would allow to bind and stabilize GCase in the endoplasmic reticulum (thus preventing its degradation within endoplasmic reticulum), but without affecting GCase in the lysosomes (thus allowing it to degrade glucosylceramide). Indeed, studies showed that Ambroxol treatment significantly increased N370S and F213I mutant GCase activity and protein levels in fibroblasts originally obtained from Gaucher patients. Gaucher's disease is caused by the deficiency of glucocerebrosidase; ambroxol is a chaperone that acts by binding to and stabilising glucocerebrosidase. Zywie (formerly ExSAR Corporation) and Belrose Pharma are developing ambroxol hydrochloride (BEL 0218) for the treatment of type III Gaucher's disease. .